some, any, no 和every可以與one, body, thing構(gòu)成復(fù)合不定代詞,它們的用法與some, any 的用法基本相同。請看下表:
一、以上復(fù)合不定代詞都表示單數(shù)的概念,在句子中作主語、賓語或表語。作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如:
“Is there anything wrong with your watch?”“No, nothing is wrong with it.”“你的手表有些毛病嗎?”“沒有,一點毛病沒有?!?/p>
No one in our class can answer this question. 我們班上沒有一個人能回答這個問題。
Listen! Someone is knocking at the door. 聽!有人在敲門。
Somebody is waiting for you at the school gate, Kate. 凱特,有人在校門口等你。
If there is no bread, we will eat something else. 如果沒有面包,我們就吃點別的東西。
There is something in what you said, I will take your advice. 你說的話有點道理,我會聽你的忠告的。
I think anyone can learn skating. 我認(rèn)為任何人都可以學(xué)會溜冰的。
Has anything unusual happened? 有什么不平常的事發(fā)生了嗎?
二、一般來說,當(dāng)主語是指人的復(fù)合代詞,如everybody, nobody, anybody 等時,其反意疑問句后面的主語通常用代詞they;當(dāng)前面句子中的復(fù)合代詞指物,如everything, something, anything, nothing 等時,其反意疑問句后面的主語通常用代詞it。如:
Everyone is here, aren’t they? 人都到了,是嗎?
Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切準(zhǔn)備好了,是嗎?
Somebody is waiting for me at the gate, aren’t they? 有人在門口等我,是嗎?
三、當(dāng)形容詞或else (別的,其它的)修飾復(fù)合不定代詞something,everything, nothing, anybody, nobody等時,該形容詞或else必須放在復(fù)合不定代詞的后面。如:
Doyouhaveanythinginterestingtotellme? 你有什么有趣的事情要告訴我嗎?
I have answered several questions. Do you have anything else to ask? 我回答了好幾個問題。你還有別的要問嗎?
Is there anybody else in the room? 屋子里還有別的人嗎?
四、一些有關(guān)復(fù)合不定代詞詞組的用法。
1. something like 有點像,大約,極好的
2. something of 在某種意義上,在某種程度上
3. something to do with 與……有關(guān)
4. or something 大概是……之類的(東西)
5. or somebody 諸如此類的人
6. all to nothing 百分之百(常用來作表語)
7. be nothing to… 對……來說無足輕重,與……不能相比
8. for nothing 無報酬,免費,無緣無故
9. have nothing to do with… 與……無關(guān)
10. mean nothing to do… 對……微不足道
11. next to nothing… 幾乎什么沒有,幾乎沒有
12. nothing but… 除……以外什么都沒有,只有,只不過
五、none, nothing 和no one 的區(qū)別。
none既可指人,也可指物,它只是指在一定范圍內(nèi),代替上下文已出現(xiàn)過的名詞。nothing表示“沒有什么東西”,只能指物,不能指人,同時沒有任何限制。no one 一般用來指人,使用時不受一定范圍的限制,后面一般不接引導(dǎo)的介詞短語。如:
“Have you bought any clothes? ”“None.” “你買衣服了嗎?”“一件沒買?!?/p>
“Did anyone come to see me?”“No one.” “有人來看我嗎?”“一個人也沒有?!?/p>
“Are there any birds in the tree now?”“None.” “現(xiàn)在樹上有鳥嗎?”“一只也沒有?!?/p>
“What is in the bag?”“Nothing”“袋子里有什么?” “什么也沒有?!?/p>
[專項訓(xùn)練]
用something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody, everything, everybody, everyone, someone, anyone, none, no one, no等填空。(有時可能有多個答案)
1. There’s ______ in this bag, it’s empty.
2. There is ______ waiting
outside to see you. She didn’t tell me her name.
3. I didn’t invite all of them, but ______ has come.
4. I wanted some more coffee but there was ______ left.
5. ______ of the people were afraid of danger.
6. There isn’t ______ watchingTV at the moment.
7.“Shall I make you ______ to eat?”“Yes, please.
I’m really hungry. I’ve had hardly all day.”
8. It’s a secret. ______knows about it.
9. Will you ask ______ to carry this bag for me, please?
10.“Is there ______ wrong here?”“No,______ is wrong.”
參考答案:1. nothing
2. someone / somebody
3. everybody / everyone4. none
5. None6. anybody / anyone
7. something / anything
8. Nobody / No one
9. somebody / someone
10. anything, nothing
“本文中所涉及到的圖表、注解、公式等內(nèi)容請以PDF格式閱讀原文”