上世紀(jì)40年代，蔣經(jīng)國(guó)先生在贛州施展著他的政治抱負(fù)，也在贛州孕育了蔣孝嚴(yán)、蔣孝慈一雙骨肉。半個(gè)多世紀(jì)過(guò)去后，作為蔣氏后裔的蔣孝嚴(yán)，情戀故土，念念不忘孕育了他生命的土地——

贛州（1997年贛南撤地設(shè)市改稱贛州）是一塊神奇的土地，古往今來(lái)無(wú)數(shù)有識(shí)之士為它書(shū)寫了一幅又一幅濃墨重彩的歷史篇章，蔣經(jīng)國(guó)先生就是其中之一，他是對(duì)贛州歷史產(chǎn)生過(guò)重大影響的人物。

根在贛州

蔣孝嚴(yán)的母親章亞若，以其多才多藝、活潑大方和善解人意，在蔣經(jīng)國(guó)推行新贛南建設(shè)時(shí)擔(dān)任贛南專署的秘書(shū)。贛南的神山秀水孕育了蔣孝嚴(yán)、蔣孝慈這對(duì)雙胞胎，但作為這對(duì)雙胞胎慈母的章亞若在蔣氏家族中卻沒(méi)有名分，這就注定了這對(duì)孿生兄弟今后的人生將充滿坎坷和曲折。

1942年春節(jié)，孕中的章亞若輾轉(zhuǎn)至桂林后生下了這對(duì)各三斤多重的雙胞胎。蔣經(jīng)國(guó)給遠(yuǎn)在異地的兒子取名為“大毛”、“小毛”，得知此事后的蔣介石也欣喜地按蔣家的“孝”字輩，將其改取為“孝嚴(yán)”、“孝慈”，但他們只能姓章，不能姓蔣。

在孝嚴(yán)、孝慈兄弟出生才7個(gè)多月的日子，母親章亞若因患小疾被一支洋針奪去了年輕的生命。孝嚴(yán)、孝慈的童年是在江西的萬(wàn)安和南昌度過(guò)的，1949年4月他們又從南昌轉(zhuǎn)至臺(tái)灣。讀高中時(shí)，外婆才將兄弟倆傳奇的身世告訴了他們。

在那段塵封的日子，兄弟倆忍受了常人不能想象的精神折磨，最難以忍受的是不能對(duì)近在身旁主政臺(tái)灣的親生父親叫一聲“爸爸”。忍辱負(fù)重的孝嚴(yán)、孝慈，硬是依靠刻苦的努力和自勉，后來(lái)一個(gè)任臺(tái)灣東吳大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)，一個(gè)步入政界在中國(guó)國(guó)民黨任中央常務(wù)委員。

1988年蔣經(jīng)國(guó)先生病重彌留之際，口中含混不清地一直在呼喚著一個(gè)名字“亞若——亞若——亞若”。這該是怎樣一種深藏于胸的刻骨銘心的生死之戀啊!在蔣經(jīng)國(guó)先生過(guò)世后的第四天，孝嚴(yán)、孝慈兄弟倆被安排在醫(yī)院停放父親的遺體前，見(jiàn)到了親生父親的最后一面。由此，一夜之間兄弟倆的真實(shí)身份被媒體炒得沸沸揚(yáng)揚(yáng)，此后有關(guān)其母親之死的種種猜測(cè)和版本竟有40多種。所有這一切，燃燒起兄弟倆回故鄉(xiāng)尋根覓祖的強(qiáng)烈愿望。

2002年，蔣孝嚴(yán)終于回到浙江奉化認(rèn)祖歸宗。盡管這個(gè)家于他來(lái)說(shuō)是那么陌生，然而樹(shù)高千丈葉落歸根，他終于走進(jìn)了浙江奉化溪口行祭祖大禮，走進(jìn)了桂林市郊生母章亞若墓地含著熱淚行三拜九叩之大禮，并走進(jìn)了少小離家老大回的故土南昌，走進(jìn)贛州，他要在這塊孕育了他們生命的土地上尋根！不過(guò)十分遺憾的是，蔣孝慈此前突然腦溢血，英年早逝，沒(méi)有隨同蔣孝嚴(yán)共走尋根之路。

2003年10月18日，蔣孝嚴(yán)偕夫人黃美倫踏上了贛州的土地，贛州市市長(zhǎng)在博德山莊為這位特殊的客人接風(fēng)洗塵。見(jiàn)到家鄉(xiāng)的父老鄉(xiāng)親，蔣孝嚴(yán)的心情很不平靜，他激動(dòng)地說(shuō)：“贛州是我一直想來(lái)的地方，我早就應(yīng)該到先父居住過(guò)、奮斗過(guò)的地方來(lái)多走走，多看看。先父和先母是在贛州定情的，這是孕育我生命的地方?！笔Y孝嚴(yán)登上了宋代古城墻，先后參觀了八境臺(tái)、郁孤臺(tái)和蔣經(jīng)國(guó)舊居。在蔣經(jīng)國(guó)舊居，蔣孝嚴(yán)停留的時(shí)間最久，他神情凝重，久久地站在母親那幅典雅秀美的黑白老照片面前凝視著，那一刻，神情十分莊重，直至講解員娓娓解說(shuō)的聲音已經(jīng)打住了，蔣孝嚴(yán)夫婦還一往情深地注視著母親這幅年輕美麗的照片。

位于贛州古城墻邊的蔣經(jīng)國(guó)先生舊居，是贛州市保持完好的一處歷史舊址，經(jīng)過(guò)贛州政府部門的修繕、維護(hù)，舊址的周圍建起了花園和假山，還依照蔣經(jīng)國(guó)先生生前愛(ài)好建起了一方菜園。蔣孝嚴(yán)夫婦在舊居內(nèi)頻頻合影，在父親親手種下的白玉蘭樹(shù)下，蔣孝嚴(yán)揮毫寫下了“千絲萬(wàn)縷情，?？菔癄€堅(jiān)”十個(gè)字，這十個(gè)字滿含了蔣孝嚴(yán)63年中對(duì)父親和母親難以言表的種種感情：敬仰、崇拜、思念、眷戀，當(dāng)然也有哀怨和凄苦……這些復(fù)雜感情只有親歷者才能品味出其中的酸甜苦辣。

在這座親人曾經(jīng)居住過(guò)的古老城市，蔣孝嚴(yán)還參觀了米汁巷原江西省第四行政督察署專員公署；在大新開(kāi)路章亞若舊居前，蔣孝嚴(yán)面對(duì)慕名而來(lái)的鄉(xiāng)親們動(dòng)情地說(shuō)：“鄉(xiāng)親們好，我是蔣孝嚴(yán)，我是蔣經(jīng)國(guó)的兒子，當(dāng)年我的母親就住在這里?！笔堑模h(yuǎn)方歸來(lái)的游子終于回到了親人身邊，終于圓了一個(gè)深藏在心中長(zhǎng)達(dá)半個(gè)多世紀(jì)的夢(mèng)！

走進(jìn)“蔣經(jīng)國(guó)研究所”

虎崗兒童新村是蔣經(jīng)國(guó)先生在贛州的另一舊居，蔣孝嚴(yán)對(duì)父親在建設(shè)新贛南中推行的一套教育模式頗有興趣。蔣經(jīng)國(guó)在他轄區(qū)的11個(gè)縣都設(shè)有中學(xué)，每一個(gè)鄉(xiāng)都設(shè)有中心小學(xué)，每一個(gè)保(村)都建了保學(xué)，他還舉辦了多期青干培訓(xùn)班和新贛南經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)干部培訓(xùn)班及青年夏令營(yíng)。當(dāng)時(shí)這套完整的教育體系和教育思想被專家評(píng)為江西的贛州，世界的贛州，是現(xiàn)代化的教育模式。

蔣孝嚴(yán)見(jiàn)父親的舊居保存得如此完好，十分感激贛州市政府為此所做的一切，尤其是參觀了贛南師院“蔣經(jīng)國(guó)研究所”之后，蔣孝嚴(yán)的感激之情更是溢于言表。

蔣經(jīng)國(guó)研究所創(chuàng)辦于1991年，研究所收集了大量蔣經(jīng)國(guó)當(dāng)年主政贛南時(shí)的史料文物。所長(zhǎng)方世藻向蔣孝嚴(yán)先生介紹了研究所情況后，翻出了所里珍藏的大量圖片和資料堆在蔣孝嚴(yán)面前讓他過(guò)目，蔣孝嚴(yán)先生睹物思人，那一刻在場(chǎng)者透過(guò)鏡片，清楚地看見(jiàn)蔣孝嚴(yán)先生的眼睛里噙滿淚水。蔣孝嚴(yán)先生沒(méi)有想到，贛南的父老鄉(xiāng)親對(duì)其父生前事跡這么重視，對(duì)他的研究這么有成果，然而主政臺(tái)灣的蔣經(jīng)國(guó)先生在臺(tái)灣卻沒(méi)有一個(gè)這樣專門的研究機(jī)構(gòu)！激情中蔣孝嚴(yán)先生即興揮筆為蔣經(jīng)國(guó)研究所題寫了“尊重歷史，放眼未來(lái)”幾個(gè)大字。當(dāng)他聽(tīng)說(shuō)贛南師院正在籌建“蔣經(jīng)國(guó)在贛南陳列館”時(shí)，蔣孝嚴(yán)先生當(dāng)即表示他不但愿為展覽館提供自己保存的資料，而且可從國(guó)民黨中央委員會(huì)提供資料給研究所。

四個(gè)月后的2004年2月，贛州市教育考察團(tuán)一行到了臺(tái)灣，蔣孝嚴(yán)得知后特意從美國(guó)趕回來(lái)。他剛下飛機(jī)就迫不及待地與大家見(jiàn)面，再次暢敘家鄉(xiāng)事，細(xì)說(shuō)故鄉(xiāng)情，敘談中，雙方重又暢敘了蔣經(jīng)國(guó)在贛州的種種往事。

游子對(duì)根的情結(jié)

贛南師院“蔣經(jīng)國(guó)研究所”目前正在籌辦的“蔣經(jīng)國(guó)在贛南陳列館”，將用三個(gè)展廳分別展出“戰(zhàn)云下崛起的贛南”、“除暴安良創(chuàng)建和諧贛南”、“戰(zhàn)時(shí)建設(shè)在贛南”等12個(gè)部分。這些歷史照片是經(jīng)過(guò)研究所人員20多年的收集和艱苦跋涉深入鄉(xiāng)間拍攝得來(lái)的。這些圖片形象直觀地再現(xiàn)了1939年6月至1945年7月，蔣經(jīng)國(guó)任江西省第四行政督察員兼保衛(wèi)司令的6年期間，全面推行的建設(shè)新贛南的歷史畫(huà)卷。

蔣經(jīng)國(guó)先生建設(shè)新贛南的8年計(jì)劃是一個(gè)未竟的事業(yè)，蔣孝嚴(yán)先生希望今日贛州經(jīng)濟(jì)騰飛，文明程度提高。

就像綠葉對(duì)根的依戀，贛州早已在蔣孝嚴(yán)心中刻下了深深的烙印，這是一種親情的牽掛和思念。一年半后的2005年5月20日，擔(dān)任中國(guó)臺(tái)商發(fā)展協(xié)會(huì)理事長(zhǎng)的蔣孝嚴(yán)偕夫人應(yīng)邀再次來(lái)到贛州，參加贛州臺(tái)資企業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)成立大會(huì)。人們從他匆匆的步履中足以看到他對(duì)贛州的特殊感情。他又一次去了母親章亞若的舊居和父親蔣經(jīng)國(guó)的舊居，他又一次去尋覓已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)逝的溫馨，去品味一直深藏的那份親情。這一次回贛州，蔣孝嚴(yán)被隆重地聘為“蔣經(jīng)國(guó)研究所”名譽(yù)所長(zhǎng)，他說(shuō)，這是他此次行程中最快樂(lè)最開(kāi)心的事情。

繼贛州臺(tái)資企業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)成立之后的同年9月13日，蔣孝嚴(yán)先生登上了廬山，一年中兩度來(lái)到江西的蔣孝嚴(yán)先生在遠(yuǎn)離贛州的廬山之巔，在演講中長(zhǎng)時(shí)間熱情洋溢地介紹了贛州這幾年來(lái)在城市基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)和市容市貌上的巨大變化。他深情地說(shuō)：“我對(duì)江西是有感情的，對(duì)贛州更有感情，贛州是生父生母相知相愛(ài)的地方，是先父奮斗過(guò)的地方，我已經(jīng)把那里當(dāng)成了自己的故鄉(xiāng)自己的根?！笔Y孝嚴(yán)先生熱情洋溢地介紹了贛州這幾年來(lái)城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和市容市貌的巨大變化，他期望、鼓勵(lì)更多的臺(tái)商來(lái)參與贛州的發(fā)展，他在用拳拳赤子之心力盡所能地回報(bào)對(duì)祖國(guó)大陸的骨肉之情。

筆者采訪中得知：贛南師院將與有關(guān)單位合作，籌備一場(chǎng)以“蔣經(jīng)國(guó)與20世紀(jì)的中國(guó)”為主題的國(guó)際學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)；蔣孝嚴(yán)先生情系桑梓，也在積極推動(dòng)兩岸的合作，積極促進(jìn)兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易的交流和包機(jī)直航。

Chiang Seeks Roots in Ganzhou

By Gong Yinghua

In the 1940s， Chiang Kai-shek’s son Chiang Ching-kuo (1910-1988) pursued his political ambition in southern Jiangxi. He formulated and implemented an 8-year plan to introduce a modern social system into the backward rural part of the inland province. It was during his stay there that he fathered twin brothers Chiang Hsiao-yen (a.k.a. John Chiang) and Chiang Hsiao-tzu (a.k.a. Winston Chiang). The twins were born in Guilin in southern China in 1942.

The mother of the twin brothers was Chang Ya-juo， a secretary of the Gannan prefecture administration headed by Chiang Ching-kuo. Chiang Kai-shek was happy with the two new babies and gave the two grandsons the generation name Hsiao in their given names. However， as Chiang Ching-kuo was married， Chang as the mother of the twins born out of wedlock was not accepted by the Chiang Clan. She died in a medical accident when her sons were only seven months old. The twin brothers were raised by their uncle and aunt in Jiangxi Province and therefore took their mother and uncle’s family name Chang as their surname. In April， 1949， the twins moved to Taiwan with their uncle and aunt. It was not until in their senior high school years that the twins?maternal grandmother told them the legendary truth of their family. It was kept as secret for decades. Winston Chiang later became president of Taiwan Soochow University and John Chiang pursued a political career.

Chiang Ching-kuo passed away in 1988. Four days after his demise， the brothers were allowed to pay their last respects to their dead father at the hospital. It was under such unfortunate circumstances that their relation with the Chiang family was made public officially. The island media looked into their past and local tabloids came up with more than 40 sensational versions about how their mother had died. All this fired their desire more to seek their roots on the mainland.

Unfortunately Chiang Hsiao-tzu suffered a stroke in 1994 while visiting Beijing for academic purposes before he was able to visit his roots in southern Jiangxi province.

Though Chiang Hsiao-yen had first visited Xikou， Fenghua in 2000， it was not until 2005 that he came back to the village of Xikou officially as a descendent of the Chiang Clan. It was in the same year that he changed his surname from her mother’s surname Chang to his father’s surname Chiang， 63 years after he was born. Xikou was the home village where his father and grandfather were born. He attended a memorial ceremony there in memory of his father and grandfather， signifying his official admission into the Chiang clan. After visiting his mother’s tomb in Guilin， he visited Nanchang， capital city of Jiangxi Province and Gannan where their father once worked.

In October 2003， John Chiang and his wife set foot on the soil of Ganzhou， renamed from Gannan Prefecture in 1997.It was during this visit that the couple re-experienced the past they had never seen before. They visited the city of Ganzhou， an ancient walled city built in the Song Dynasty (960-1279). They visited his father’s two former residences in the city and the site of the former prefecture government. They also toured the scenic spots around the ancient city. During his administration in southern Jiangxi Province， Chiang Ching-kuo established a modern education system based on modern education theories. Under the system， each of the eleven counties under the prefecture had a middle school， each town had a central elementary school， and each village had an elementary school. Even today， education experts confirm that it was one of the best education systems in the country during that time. Chiang Hsiao-yen is very proud of his father’s achievements in Gannan.

Founded in 1991， the Chiang Ching-kuo Research Institute on the campus of Gannan Teachers College keeps a large quantity of historical documents and other records of Chiang’s political undertakings in the area. With tears welling into his eyes， Chiang Hsiao-yen was touched to see so many documents and relics of his father’s past there. Many photos had been taken or collected by researchers over a period of twenty years. After learning that the college was going to set up a museum on his father’s reform in Gannan during the wartime， Chiang Hsiao-yen said he would donate some exhibits. He also promised that the KMT in Taiwan would also contribute some historical documents and photographs to the museum.

In February 2004， a delegation of educational experts from Ganzhou visited Taiwan. Chiang Hsiao-yen flew from the United States to meet the delegation and chatted about the city’s past and his link with the Chiang family’s roots there.

The museum， under construction now， will comprise twelve sections in three halls， demonstrating the overall remarkable social progress， economic development and crackdown on criminals under Chiang Ching-kuo’s leadership in southern Jiangxi from June 1936 to July， 1945.

Though Chiang Ching-kuo’s eight-year plan for the area was incomplete due to wartime difficulties and his new appointment as mayor of Shanghai after World War II， his son Chiang Hsiao-yen is now determined to help revive the memory of his father’s undertakings there and assist the takeoff of the local economy.

In May， 2005， he and his wife came to Ganzhou again. On this trip， he took part in the celebrating ceremony for the founding of the Association of Taiwan-financed Businesses in Ganzhou and revisited the former residences of his parents. And he was invited as honorary director of the Chiang Ching-kuo Research Institute.

(Translated by David)