英語中關(guān)于“花費”一詞的譯法常見的有以下幾個：cost，pay，spend，take。很多學(xué)生對這幾個詞的用法似懂非懂，使用起來常常出錯。為方便同學(xué)們在使用過程中正確地“花費”，現(xiàn)結(jié)合近幾年全國部分省市中考試題，將其用法辨析如下：

spend

[一語擊破】spend的主語必須是“人”，賓語可以是錢、精力、時間等，其后用“on+名詞”或“(in)+動詞-ing”。如：

She spends too much money on clothes．她在衣服上花錢如流水。

They spend a lot of money(in)buying a new car．他們花很多錢買了一輛新車。

[中考真題]

1．Ted_______ten dollars on the shirts yesterday．(四川)

A．cost B．spent C．paid D．took

2．I’m interested in animals，so I______every Saturday working in an animal hospital．(北京海淀區(qū))

A．pay B．get C．take D．spend

cost

[一語擊破]cost通常指“花錢”，主語必須用“事、物”來充當(dāng)。其常見句型為cost(sb．)some money。例如：

The picture costs a lot of money．這幅畫很值錢。

It costs you twelve pounds to go to London by ship．乘船到倫敦要12英磅。

[中考真題]

3．—Your MP3 is so nice．How much is it?(浙江)

—It______me 500．

A．bought B．paid C．spent D．cost

4．—Oh，you painted the walls yourself？(湖北武漢)

—Yes．It was not hard．The whole work didn’t_____much．

A．want B．cost C．spend D．pay

take

[一語擊破]take一詞作為“花費”解時常用于句型It takes(sb．)some time t0do sth．中，意思是“(某人)做某事花多少時間”。其中it是形式主語，真正的主語是句尾的動詞不定式短語。例如：

It will take ten million dollars to build the library．建這個圖書館要花1000萬美元。

How long did it take you to read the book?看這本書你花了多長時間?

[中考真題]

5．It will______about half an hour to get to the park by bus．(廣西)

A．spend B．cost C．want D．take

6．It____Yang Liwei about 21 hours______the earth 14 times in his spaceship．(陜西)

A．spent，circling B．took，traveling C．spent，to travel D．took，to circle

pay

[一語擊破]pay的基本意思是“支付”，作為及物動詞，賓語可以是“人”和“錢”。而pay for的賓語為“物”和“事”，for表示支付的原因。如：

He is paying for his new book．他正在付他的新書錢。

You’ll have to pay me ten dollars a week for your meals．你每周得付給我十美元飯錢。

[中考真題]

7．What a nice bag!But she_______only thirtydollars for it．(遼寧)

A．cost B．took C．spent D．paid

8．—How much did you_____the mobile phone?(江蘇宿遷)

—One thousand yuan or so．

A．take B．spend C．cost D．pay for

答案：1-4 BDDB 5-8 DDDD

責(zé)任編輯／張彩萍mirenr@sina．com