應(yīng)美國總統(tǒng)布什的盛情邀請,中國國家主席胡錦濤于今年4月春光明媚的時節(jié)訪問美國。雙方會見時,胡錦濤主席向布什總統(tǒng)贈送了有中國特色的紀(jì)念品《孫子兵法》。
這部《孫子兵法》不是一般圖書,它是蘊(yùn)含著極高技術(shù)含量的真絲織錦圖書,其中文版是真絲織綿的,英文版是印在絲綢上的。
這項高技術(shù)的發(fā)明者是浙江理工大學(xué)的李加林教授,李加林用這項發(fā)明創(chuàng)造出下述世界第一:
1998年8月,世界上第一幅絲織長卷《清明上河圖》面世;
2001年6月,世界上第一幅仿真彩色織錦《富春山居圖》面世;
2005年1月,世界上第一部真絲織錦圖書《孫子兵法》面世。
這三個“世界第一”都是織錦藝術(shù),這些藝術(shù)瑰寶來自他的一項科技成果:“高密度全顯像數(shù)碼仿真彩色絲織技術(shù)”。2004年2月20日,國家科學(xué)技術(shù)獎勵大會在北京人民大會堂召開,國務(wù)院總理溫家寶為李加林的這項科技成果頒獎。
擔(dān)當(dāng)中華織錦傳人
1979年,喜歡繪畫的李加林考進(jìn)浙江絲綢工學(xué)院(現(xiàn)浙江理工大學(xué)),入讀紡織品設(shè)計專業(yè)。大學(xué)畢業(yè)后李加林去了絲織試樣廠,三年時間他熟悉了絲織品的生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié),涉獵了世界各國有關(guān)紡織的資料,驚嘆18世紀(jì)人類就掌握了數(shù)萬種織物技巧。1986年母校組建服裝系,在絲綢界已小有名氣的李加林被調(diào)到絲綢工學(xué)院任教,他暗暗下定決心要讓中華織錦重放異彩。
1997年,李加林立項開始了仿真彩色絲織技術(shù)的研究。為了調(diào)配一組顏色,他常常要苦思冥想幾個月的時間;為了尋找一種好的設(shè)計,他花去無數(shù)個日日夜夜在電腦上一次次錄入、修改;他還每年赴意大利科莫、法國巴黎等世界頂尖絲織制造技術(shù)基地,去那里和設(shè)計大師們探討……
世界上所有的教科書上都認(rèn)為絲織設(shè)計的色彩與組織必須對應(yīng),李加林卻沒有囿于傳統(tǒng)。那天,他在新加坡某公司參觀,一張設(shè)計理念奇異的裝飾結(jié)構(gòu)圖敲開了他的靈感之門,瞬間靈感噴薄而出,一下子跳出了原有的設(shè)計理念。此后,他創(chuàng)造性地提出了“仿真彩色絲織技術(shù)理論”。當(dāng)?shù)孛襟w以“浙江傳統(tǒng)織造工藝獲重大突破全顯像技術(shù)使絲織品身價倍增”為題作了報道,稱李加林的新設(shè)計理念使絲織品“畫面似油畫一般,效果讓歐美消費(fèi)者傾心不已?!?/p>
這項仿真彩色絲織技術(shù)徹底改變了世界各國沿用了100多年的絲織設(shè)計表現(xiàn)方式,它以豐富的色彩、精細(xì)的質(zhì)地,把工筆畫的細(xì)膩精致、油畫的濃彩重墨、水粉畫的明媚鮮艷、國畫書法的筆墨神韻都表現(xiàn)得淋漓盡致,出神入化,李加林因此被稱作“中華織錦傳人”。
創(chuàng)造“世界第一”
科技與藝術(shù)對話、交織,而后才有創(chuàng)造。李加林首選被譽(yù)為中國古代現(xiàn)實(shí)主義繪畫杰作的《清明上河圖》來實(shí)踐絲織新工藝。北宋人張擇端萬萬沒有想到,他的精心之作在千年之后會被年輕的科學(xué)家李加林用經(jīng)線和緯線交織出來,逼真地再現(xiàn)北宋京城汴梁以及汴河兩岸的繁華景象和自然風(fēng)光。這幅長12.8米、寬0.25米、提花經(jīng)緯交織點(diǎn)28800萬個的織錦《清明上河圖》,畫上500多個人物個個栩栩如生,讓人浮想聯(lián)翩。
全國人大常委會副委員長費(fèi)孝通為絲織《清明上河圖》題詞:“中華瑰寶,傳世之作”。1999年7月5日李加林到北京參加了“真絲織錦《清明上河圖》首發(fā)暨捐贈儀式”,據(jù)說為一件作品在人民大會堂開會在紡織部史無前例。
收藏《清明上河圖》真本的中國故宮博物院收藏了真絲織錦《清明上河圖》,中國歷史博物館、國家圖書館、中國絲綢博物館等也紛紛將此作為藏品;織錦《清明上河圖》又漂洋過海,新加坡中國商會召開董事會,祝賀織錦《清明上河圖》在新加坡發(fā)行。
這卷《清明上河圖》以其織造細(xì)密、卷長恢宏、紋版浩瀚,創(chuàng)下了世界紡織工藝史上多項第一,當(dāng)仁不讓地載入了吉尼斯紀(jì)錄。
在完成《清明上河圖》后,李加林又想用高科技讓分藏在海峽兩岸的《富春山居圖》“合二為一”,以遂中華兒女早日統(tǒng)一祖國之愿景。
經(jīng)過李加林的艱苦努力,2001年7月在北京展覽館舉辦的“國企改革與技術(shù)創(chuàng)新成果展”上,李加林采用彩色仿真絲織技術(shù)復(fù)制的真絲織錦《富春山居圖》被展出,頓時成為觀眾與媒體的關(guān)注熱點(diǎn),時任國務(wù)院總理朱基、副總理溫家寶也到展館觀賞。
2005年初,李加林又將《孫子兵法》穿上了“錦衣”:他用15.5萬根桑蠶絲,經(jīng)過2億多次經(jīng)緯交織,將中國具有3000多年歷史的中華織錦和歷史同樣悠久的中國 “兵學(xué)圣典”《孫子兵法》交織在一起,創(chuàng)造了世界第一部真絲織錦圖書。
因?yàn)橛辛丝萍寂c藝術(shù)的交織,終于有了三個真絲織錦藝術(shù)的“世界第一”。
交織教學(xué)科研經(jīng)營
李加林既是杭州中紡科技發(fā)展有限公司總經(jīng)理,又是浙江理工大學(xué)藝術(shù)與設(shè)計學(xué)院常務(wù)副院長、數(shù)碼紡織研發(fā)中心主任。
李加林的名片上既有“教授、碩士生導(dǎo)師、專業(yè)委員會委員”的職務(wù)、職稱,也有“總經(jīng)理”的頭銜。這些不同領(lǐng)域的頭銜反映出他人生的多彩。
李加林覺得回到大學(xué)教書,是為了讓中國的絲織技術(shù)有傳承,有創(chuàng)新;而潛心科研,是為了讓中華織錦重放異彩,至于創(chuàng)辦公司涉足經(jīng)營,那是順應(yīng)時代潮流,對知識經(jīng)濟(jì)的身體力行。
2000年4月,杭州市科委高科技風(fēng)險投資100萬元,幫助李加林創(chuàng)辦了杭州中紡技術(shù)開發(fā)有限公司,生產(chǎn)“中紡錦繡”織錦,于是他開始了和大學(xué)教師生活相距甚遠(yuǎn)的另一種人生。
作為一位高校教師,他以為“啟發(fā)慧眼勝于培養(yǎng)巧手”。在他的指導(dǎo)下,2004年浙江理工大學(xué)的學(xué)生第一次在“挑戰(zhàn)杯”全國大學(xué)生科技創(chuàng)業(yè)競賽中獲銀獎,李加林將此看作“和學(xué)生分享成功快樂”;2005年7月,李加林簽下了由他領(lǐng)銜的國家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計劃“紡織品電子提花關(guān)鍵技術(shù)及樣機(jī)的設(shè)計制造”的合同書,他會同國內(nèi)有關(guān)紡織裝備企業(yè)力求開發(fā)出我國擁有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的電子提花機(jī);同年10月29日,李加林獲中國發(fā)明協(xié)會首屆“發(fā)明創(chuàng)業(yè)獎”。
李加林實(shí)驗(yàn)室里有一塊名牌上寫著“超大紋針電子提花機(jī)實(shí)驗(yàn)室”,那里面有迄今為止世界上最大的一架2.4萬針的電子提花機(jī),用它織出來的真絲織錦藝術(shù)品,可以掛在人民大會堂的各個廳里作壁畫。
科技與藝術(shù)交織出來的織錦藝術(shù)品一向是對外交流極好的國家禮品,這些禮品飽含著中國人民的深厚情誼,被國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人分別贈給了俄羅斯普京總統(tǒng)、美國前總統(tǒng)卡特、德國前總理施羅德、泰國的詩琳通公主以及社會活動家陳香梅女士等等。
Specials
The Master's World-Class Technology
By Feng Yingping
At the invitation of the US President George Bush, Chinese President Hu Jintao paid a state visit to America in April this year. When the two met, President Hu presented President Bush a very distinctive Chinese gift book: The Art of War.
This is by no means an ordinary bilingual book. It is a high-tech book of brocade, with the Chinese text embroidered with silk threads and the English text printed on silk.
The technology was invented by Li Jialin, a professor with Zhejiang Sci-Tech University. Li has used this technology to make three world's very firsts: he made the world's first long silk scroll of the painting The Festival of Pure Brightness on the River in August 1998, the world's first color brocade embroidery A Mountain Hut on the Fuchun River in June, 2001, and the world's first brocade book Sun Zi's The Art of War in January, 2005.
The three brocade masterpieces have been produced with the technology called High Density Full-Display Digital Simulation Color Silk Technology. On February 20, 2004, Li Jialin was awarded with a National Scientific and Technological Achievement Prize, issued by Premier Wen Jiabao at the National Science and Technology Awarding Congress held in Beijing.
Li entered Zhejiang Silk Engineering University (the predecessor of today's Zhejiang Sci-Tech University) and majored in textile design in 1979. The three years spent in a silk sample factory after graduation enabled him to familiarize with silk textile production processes, opened his eyes to the radiance of the textile materials from all over the world. His Alma Mater set up a clothing department in 1986. Li, who had enjoyed a modest reputation in the silk industry, was invited to teach at the new department. Li was determined to bring Chinese brocade technology to splendor and glory again.
In 1997, Li initiated the project to study a simulation color silk technology. He worked hard at everything from colors and designs. He visited world's best silk production bases in Italy and France and exchanged ideas with masters there.
All the textbooks in the world used to say that color and silk material must correspond to each other. But Li got an inspiration to break away from the tradition when visiting a company in Singapore. A decoration design opened his eyes. Creatively he came up with his theory of simulation technology. Li Jialin's new technology has revolutionized the established way silk embroidery was designed and made in the past 100 years. With the technology, Li is able to reproduce rich colors and refined brushstrokes of various arts such as Chinese traditional painting and calligraphy, watercolor, and oil on fine silk materials.
Li tried out his original idea on the classic Chinese painting The Festival of Pure Brightness on the River. The brocade was a huge success. On July 5th, 1999, a ceremony was held at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. The industrial insiders comment that such signal breakthrough for a silk product had been unheard of before. After the Palace Museum in Beijing, which has the original painting, collected the brocade version, other two national museums and the national library included a piece of this silk-made masterpiece into their respective treasured collections. After the first success, Li made A Mountain Hut on the Fuchun River in June, 2001, and The Art of War in January, 2005.
Today, Li Jialin Laboratory has the world's largest electronic jacquard machine. Many of its products have been presented as state gifts to foreign state leaders and celebrities. Li now is the executive vice dean of the Art and Design College under the Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, director of the Digital Textile Development Center, and CEO of Hangzhou Zhongfang Corporation of Textile Scientific and Technological Development.
(Translated by David)