提及中國近代歷史，很難繞過那些來自湖南的英雄豪杰們。近百年來，在中國的政治、軍事、教育、文學(xué)、藝術(shù)等領(lǐng)域都能看到湖南人的身影，其中一些人更是成為行業(yè)的引領(lǐng)者。也正因如此，才有了“一群湖南人，半部近代史”的說法。而這些人都具有一種共同的性格特質(zhì)：遇到困難不退縮，做事“死磕”到底一按照湖南人的說法，就是“霸蠻”。

When it comes to modern Chinese history， it's hard to overlook the remarkable figures from Hunan. Over the past century， Hunanese have made their markinpolitics，themilitary，education，literature， the arts，and more- some even rising to lead their respective fields. This is why people often say， “A group of Hunanese account for half of modern Chinese history.\"What ties these individuals together isa distinctivetrait： theydon't back down from challenges and are known for their all-in， never-giveupperseverance.In theHunan dialect， thisattitude is called baman.

山水孕育的霸蠻性格 The“Baman\" Spirit Shaped byMountains and Waters

湖南人霸蠻性格的形成與當?shù)氐牡乩憝h(huán)境密不可分。湖南三面環(huán)山、一面臨湖，形成了一個向北開口的馬蹄形盆地。由于群山阻隔，過去湖南人若想走出家鄉(xiāng)，只能依靠洞庭湖這一條水路。可那時洞庭湖水系廣闊，狂風巨浪時常肆虐，令人望而卻步。水路兇險，陸路交通也不方便，所以在過去很長一段時間里，湖南都被視為蠻荒之地。歷史上，只有少數(shù)湖南商人跨越洞庭湖、渡過長江，成功走出家鄉(xiāng)。時至今日，老一輩湖南人偶爾還會說起“出湖”這個詞，它的意思是：湖南人只有走出洞庭湖，才有可能踏入更廣闊的天地。

The baman spirit of the Hunan people is deeply rooted in the region's geography. Surrounded on three sides by mountains and open only to the north via DongtingLake， Hunan forms a horseshoe-shaped basin.In the past， these towering mountains made it nearly impossible to leave the province by land. The only way out was across Dongting Lake. But the vast expanse of the lake was prone to fierce winds and towering waves that often deterred even the bravesttravelers.Withbothwaterandlandroutes posing serious challenges， Hunan was long seen as a wild frontier.Onlya handful of merchants from the province managed to cross Dongting Lake and the Yangtze River to venture beyond their homeland. Even today， older generations still use the phrase chuhu，meaning“l(fā)eaving the lake，”to describe the idea that only by getting past Dongting Lake could a Hunanese person truly reach the wider world.

過去的湖南，也只有洞庭湖周邊地區(qū)才稱得上是物產(chǎn)豐饒的“魚米之鄉(xiāng)”。湘中以南、以西的大部分地區(qū)，自然條件十分惡劣，山地多，耕地少，土質(zhì)還特別堅硬，不適合種植農(nóng)作物，這使得當?shù)厝瞬坏貌辉凇笆^縫里找食吃”。在過去耕種艱難、生活困苦的環(huán)境下，湖南人要想吃飽飯，不光得勤勞肯干、不懼困難，還得有一股為了生存不顧一切的“死磕”勁。久而久之，這種韌勁造就了湖南人“吃得苦、耐得煩、霸得蠻”的獨特性格。

In earlier times， only the areas around Dongting Lake could be considered fertile and productive - a true“l(fā)and of fish and rice\"By contrast， much of southern and western Hunan suffered from poor natural conditions，with rugged mountains， limited farmland， and soil so hard that it was nearly impossibletocultivate.Peoplehadnochoicebutto “findfoodbetweenthecracksintherocks.”Inthis harsh environment， feeding one's family required not onlybackbreakinglabor，butalsoa fierce，do-or-die determination. Over time，this resilience forged the Hunanese character- tough， tireless，and unshakably persistent.

敢闖敢拼

Fearless Spirit in Pursuit of Opportunity

霸蠻的湖南人不僅不畏艱難，還敢闖敢拼。20世紀80年代初，湘中山區(qū)農(nóng)民生活貧苦，不少人只能背井離鄉(xiāng)，期望靠經(jīng)商改變命運。這些湖南商販從沿街叫賣、擺地攤到租店批發(fā)，從小本生意做到大宗買賣，終于在競爭激烈的市場里站穩(wěn)了腳跟。

The people of Hunan are known not only fortheirperseverance but also for their fearless pursuit of a better life.In the early 198Os，life was tough for farmers in the mountainous regions of central Hunan.Many had no choice but to leave their hometowns in searchof better opportunities， hoping to change their fate through business.These Hunanese traders started by hawking goods on the streets and setting up roadside stalls， then gradually moved on to renting shops for wholesale. Bit by bit，they grew their modest operations into large-scale businessesand eventually carved out a place for themselves in a fiercely competitive market.

這其中，邵東商人最為出名，他們最開始是走街串巷的“挑貨郎”，靠著一步步打拼，到后來闖出了“國際邵”的大名。邵東縣位于湘中腹地，人口密度為湖南省第一，但自然資源嚴重不足。早年，邵東人迫于生計紛紛外出尋找出路，什么活都干，邵東縣也因此有了“百工之鄉(xiāng)”的稱號。從20世紀80年代起，無數(shù)走出家鄉(xiāng)的邵東人將業(yè)務(wù)從國內(nèi)拓展至海外，形成了遍布全球的“游商部落”。幾十年過去，邵東人在打火機、箱包等行業(yè)不斷創(chuàng)新。就拿打火機來說，現(xiàn)在邵東一年生產(chǎn)的打火機達150億只，占全球產(chǎn)量的 70% ，“打火機之鄉(xiāng)”的稱號實至名歸。

Among them，the merchants from Shaodong stood out the most. They began as itinerant peddlers who carried goods from village to village. Through relentless effort， they eventually earned the nickname“International Shaodong.\"Located in the heart of central Hunan，

Shaodong is the most densely populated county in the province but is sorely lacking in natural resources.Intheearlydays，itsresidentshad no choice but to leave in search of a livelihood， doing whateverjobstheycouldfind.Overtime，the countybecameknownasthe“LandofaHundred Trades. Starting in the 1980s，countless Shaodong nativestooktheirbusinessesfromlocalmarketsto the global stage， forming a vast diaspora of mobile entrepreneurs around the world. Decades later， Shaodong continues to innovate in industries like lighters and luggage. Take lighters for example - today， Shaodong produces 15 billion lighters annually， accounting for 70% of the global supply. The title“Hometown of Lighters” is no exaggeration.

在益陽有個叫鑫海的漁網(wǎng)工廠，曾因長江流域“十年禁漁”的政策陷入困境。不過，鑫海創(chuàng)始人劉放軍是個典型的湖南人，骨子里有那股不服輸?shù)膭艃?。他并未退縮，反而迎難而上，謀求轉(zhuǎn)型，把目光轉(zhuǎn)向了海洋漁網(wǎng)。雖然都是做漁網(wǎng)，但是從淡水漁網(wǎng)轉(zhuǎn)到海洋漁網(wǎng)并沒有那么容易。一是海水很深，一張海洋漁網(wǎng)可能有幾十噸重；二是在海水里作業(yè)，對漁網(wǎng)的耐腐蝕性能、抗老化性能提出了更高要求。但劉放軍不怕困難，帶領(lǐng)工廠一切從零開始、重新研發(fā)。最終他的公司逐漸在新領(lǐng)域里嶄露頭角，其業(yè)務(wù)也延伸到深海海洋工程、大型船舶、航空航天等領(lǐng)域，成為全國繩網(wǎng)行業(yè)的頭牌。

In Yiyang， there's a fishing net factory called

Xinhaithatoncefacedacrisisdue totheten-yearfishingbanin the Yangtze River. But its founder， Liu Fangjun，isa true Hunan native - stubbornly resilient and never one to back down from a challenge. Instead of giving up， hechoseto facethedifficultieshead-onand finda newpath forward.Liu turned his attention to ocean fishing nets.While it might seem like a simple pivot， netsare nets afterall，the shift from freshwater to marine fishing nets was anything but easy. For one， the oceanisdeep，and a single marinenetcanweigh tens of tons.For another， operatingin saltwater demands much higher standards for corrosion resistance and durability. But Liu wasn't daunted. He led the factory to start from scratch，investing in fresh Ramp;D. Slowly but surely， the company began to make its mark in this new sector. Today， its business has expanded into deep-sea engineering， large vessels，and even aerospace. Xinhai has grown into a national leader in the rope and net industry.

2003年，岳陽人朱興明做了一個大膽的決定。他察覺到中國工業(yè)當時正值快速發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵期，傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)急需先進的工業(yè)自動化技術(shù)，而且創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境也很不錯，

中聯(lián)重科的挖掘機Zoomlion excavators

于是他毅然辭去了美國某公司的高薪工作，創(chuàng)立了“匯川技術(shù)”。此后20年，他帶領(lǐng)團隊專注研發(fā)，從變頻器起步，逐步拓展到通用自動化，又進軍新能源與軌道交通領(lǐng)域，最終把公司發(fā)展成工業(yè)控制領(lǐng)域的知名企業(yè)。

In 2003， Zhu Xingming from Yueyang made a bold move. Sensing that China's industrial sector wasenteringa critical phase of rapid growth，that traditional manufacturing was in urgent need of advanced automation technology， and that the environment was favorable for entrepreneurship， he quit his high-paying job at a US company and returned to China to start his own business.That's howInovance was born. Over the next two decades， Zhu led his team with a sharp focus on innovation. Starting with variable frequency drives，they gradually expanded into general automation，and later into new energy and rail transit. Step by step，he grewthecompanyinto amajorplayerin thefield of industrial control.

此外，還有很多這樣的湖南人在工程機械行業(yè)里拼搏，并取得了很好的成績，創(chuàng)立了如“中聯(lián)重科”“三一重工”“鐵建重工”“山河智能”等優(yōu)秀企業(yè)。如今，中國幾乎每生產(chǎn)10臺中小型航空發(fā)動機，就有9臺來自湖南；全球每下線10臺混凝土機械設(shè)備，就有8臺來自湖南；就連大家日常乘坐的高鐵，差不多一半的核心部件都是湖南制造。

Manyother Hunan natives havealso chosen the construction machinery industry and found great success， building impressive companies like Zoomlion， SANY， CRCHI， and Sunward. Today， nearly 9 out of every 10 small to medium-sized aircraft engines made in China come from Hunan. Globally， 8 outof every10 concrete machines rolled off the production line are made in Hunan.Even the high-speed trains we ride every day - almost half of their core components are manufactured in Hunan.

事實上，湖南人的這種蠻霸不光體現(xiàn)在商業(yè)、工業(yè)等領(lǐng)域，還在文化、農(nóng)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域發(fā)揮著強勁力量。湖南

湖南廣電“七彩盒子”節(jié)目生產(chǎn)基地項目

Hunan Broadcasting System \"Rainbow Box\" program

productioncenter

衛(wèi)視旗下的“芒果系”媒體以“敢為天下先”的勇氣，堅持自制綜藝，推出了各類省級電視臺想嘗試卻又不敢涉足的內(nèi)容，贏得了眾多年輕人的喜愛。

But this trademark baman spirit isn't limited to business and industry - it's just aspowerful in culture and agriculture. Take Hunan TV's Mango Media， for example. Known for its fearless spirit of innovation，it blazed a trail in original variety programming， boldly producing shows that other provincial broadcasters were hesitant to try. In doing so， it has captured the hearts of young audiences across the country.

在傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)耕方面，通過不斷提升農(nóng)業(yè)科技技術(shù)，湖南的種植業(yè)也有了很大改觀。在瀏陽河畔的岳麓山實驗室，有一支專注于雜交水稻技術(shù)的科研團隊，他們承襲了袁隆平教授的雜交水稻技術(shù)，研究培育水稻新品種。相較于常規(guī)水稻，雜交水稻產(chǎn)量能高出 20% 左右。目前每年增產(chǎn)的糧食可多養(yǎng)活7000萬人。為了讓大家實現(xiàn)“吃辣自由”，“辣椒院士”鄒學(xué)校團隊培育出了產(chǎn)量高、品質(zhì)佳的上百辣椒新品種，使得辣椒從一種區(qū)域性、季節(jié)性的蔬菜變?yōu)槲覈a(chǎn)值最大的蔬菜之一。隨著辣椒種植面積擴大、產(chǎn)量提升，農(nóng)民的收入增加，許多農(nóng)民富了起來。

In traditional agriculture，Hunan has made significant strides in crop production thanks to continuous advances in agricultural technology. At the Yuelu Mountain Laboratory by the Liuyang River， \"辣椒院士”鄒學(xué)校 \"Chili Pepper Academician\" Zou Xuexiao a dedicated research team is developing new hybrid rice varieties，building on the legacy of Professor Yuan Longping's groundbreaking work. Compared with conventional rice，hybrid rice can yield about 20% more. Each year， the increased output is enough to feed an additional 70 million people. When it comes to satisfying the nation's craving for spice， \"Chili Pepper Academician\" Zou Xuexiao and his team have developed over a hundred high-yield， high-quality chili pepper varieties. Thanks to their efforts， what was once a seasonal， regional crop has become one of China's most valuable vegetables.As cultivation has expanded and production increased， farmers' incomes have risen too， lifting many out of poverty and into prosperity.

正如“晚清第一名臣”曾國藩所言，“一字不說，咬定牙根，徐圖自強”。霸蠻且敢闖敢拼的湖南人，讓湖南的各行各業(yè)都充滿了活力。

As Zeng Guofan，a prominent statesman of the late Qing Dynasty， once said： “Say nothing， grit your teeth，and quietly strive for strength.\"The baman and fearless people of Hunan continue to inject energy and vitality into every field they touch.