賈從永

四級

Directions： Suppose the student union of your university is organizing an online discussion on college students doing community service.You are to write an essay on its benefits and the service you can provide to the community. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

這道大學(xué)英語四級作文試題屬于分析現(xiàn)象型。此類型題目的特點(diǎn)是提出一個社會現(xiàn)象或問題，要求考生對其加以分析。本題要求考生分析大學(xué)生做社區(qū)服務(wù)工作的益處并指出自己能為社區(qū)提供的服務(wù)。由于一篇四級作文只能有一個重心，所以我們最好把大學(xué)生做社區(qū)服務(wù)工作的益處（即大學(xué)生為什么要做社區(qū)服務(wù)工作）作為本文論述的重點(diǎn)。至于自己能為社區(qū)提供何種服務(wù)，我們在結(jié)尾段中簡略提及即可。

這篇作文可以寫三個段落。

第一段提出本文要分析的社會現(xiàn)象。我們可以先指出，如今越來越多的大學(xué)生尋找機(jī)會做社區(qū)服務(wù)工作。然后，引用上海大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究來證實(shí)這一點(diǎn)——該校84.2%的受訪學(xué)生平均每周做1.5小時的社區(qū)服務(wù)工作。

第二段分析大學(xué)生做社區(qū)服務(wù)工作的益處。我們不妨從三個方面展開，注意三個方面之間互不重疊。首先，做社區(qū)服務(wù)工作有助于大學(xué)生結(jié)交新朋友，磨練社交能力，因?yàn)樗麄儽仨毢蛠碜圆煌尘暗娜舜蚪坏?。其次，參加社區(qū)服務(wù)讓大學(xué)生有機(jī)會培養(yǎng)與工作相關(guān)的技能，如團(tuán)隊(duì)合作、批判性思維和時間管理。在未來的職場上，這些技能對他們很有用。最后，做社區(qū)服務(wù)工作還有助于培養(yǎng)大學(xué)生的美德，如無私、慷慨和善良等，這些都是成為對社會有用之人的重要品質(zhì)。

本文的結(jié)尾段可以先重述主題——做社區(qū)服務(wù)工作不但讓世界變得更美好，還對大學(xué)生大有裨益。然后，指出自己能為社區(qū)提供的服務(wù)——到本地福利院幫忙，因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)把愛給與那些最需要愛的人。

下面請看參考范文：

Nowadays college students are seeking out opportunities to perform community service in increasing numbers. According to a recent Shanghai University survey， 84.2% of its students polled average 1.5 hours of community service a week.

Doing community service helps college students make new contacts and hones their social skills， as they have to interact with people from a wide variety of backgrounds. Also， participating in community service is an opportunity for college students to develop work-related skills， such as teamwork， critical thinking and time management， which will stand them in good stead in the workplace in the future. Most importantly， volunteering helps cultivate such virtues as selflessness， generosity and kindness in college students， all essential qualities for becoming a contributing member of society.

Doing voluntary work not only makes the world a better place， but also benefits college students tremendously. As for me， I would like to help out at a local home for handicapped children， because I believe love should be given to those who most need it. （168 words）

語言亮點(diǎn)借鑒：

1. Nowadays college students are seeking out opportunities to perform community service in increasing numbers. 如今越來越多的大學(xué)生尋找機(jī)會做社區(qū)服務(wù)工作。

2. According to a recent Shanghai University survey， 84.2% of its students polled average 1.5 hours of community service a week. 根據(jù)上海大學(xué)最近所做的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查，該校84.2%的受訪學(xué)生平均每星期做1.5小時的社區(qū)服務(wù)工作。polled做定語，一般放在所修飾的名詞或代詞之后。

3. Also， participating in community service is an opportunity for college students to develop work-related skills， such as teamwork， critical thinking and time management， which will stand them in good stead in the workplace in the future. 而且，做社區(qū)服務(wù)工作對大學(xué)生來說是一個培養(yǎng)工作相關(guān)技能的機(jī)會，如團(tuán)隊(duì)合作、批判性思維和時間管理。這些技能會讓他們在未來的職場上受益。 stand sb in good stead讓某人受益。

4. Doing voluntary work not only makes the world a better place， but also benefits college students tremendously. 做志愿工作不但讓世界變得更加美好，而且能讓大學(xué)生受益匪淺。

六級

Directions： For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay that begins with the sentence “When faced with different opinions， we should try to reach agreement through friendly discussion and reasonable argument.” You can make comments， cite examples or use your personal experiences to develop your essay. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

這道大學(xué)英語六級作文試題屬于闡釋觀點(diǎn)型。此類型題目的特點(diǎn)是提出一個觀點(diǎn)，要求考生論證這個觀點(diǎn)的正確性。這道題目中的觀點(diǎn)是：面對不同意見，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)設(shè)法通過友好討論和理性爭論來達(dá)成一致。我們審題時要善于透過復(fù)雜的表述看到題目的本質(zhì)。這道題的本質(zhì)是要求考生論證友好討論和理性爭論的重要性。

這篇作文可以寫三段。

第一段先提出觀點(diǎn)——面對不同意見，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)設(shè)法通過友好討論和理性爭論來達(dá)成一致。然后，引用在上海所做的一項(xiàng)研究為證——84.2%的受訪白領(lǐng)把就一個問題展開討論看作達(dá)成共識的機(jī)遇。

第二段論證友好討論和理性爭論的重要性。我們先指出友好討論和理性爭論是達(dá)成共識的有效策略，尤其是在背景和經(jīng)歷迥然不同的人之間。接著，我們以職場為例來論證這個觀點(diǎn)。在職場上，人們公開討論或爭論，有禮貌地分享思路和設(shè)想，因此可以聽到各種聲音，從而增進(jìn)彼此之間的相互理解。顯然，這有助于達(dá)成共識。為了使論證更有說服力，我們再從反面進(jìn)行論證。在壓制討論和爭論的環(huán)境里，人們會因?yàn)楹ε律霞壍挠?xùn)斥而避免說出自己的真實(shí)想法。這不可避免地會導(dǎo)致士氣低落和氣氛緊張。

本文可以用建議法結(jié)尾。第三段先指出友好討論和理性爭論對于職場各方面的順利運(yùn)作都至關(guān)重要，然后建議大家學(xué)習(xí)磋商技巧，比如清晰表達(dá)和積極傾聽的能力，以便使討論和爭論更加有效和友好。下面請看參考范文：

When faced with different opinions， we should try to reach agreement through friendly discussion and reasonable argument. A recent study conducted in Shanghai found that 84.2 percent of the white-collar workers polled look at locking horns over a problem as an opportunity to reach common ground.

Friendly discussion and reasonable argument are effective strategies for arriving at a consensus， especially among people with diverse backgrounds and experiences. Lets take the workplace as an example. Through discussion and argument， workers share their thoughts and ideas openly and respectfully. This provides an opportunity for all voices to be heard， thus promoting mutual understanding. Obviously， this is conducive to reaching agreement. On the other hand， in environments that discourage discussion and argument， workers will avoid speaking their mind for fear of reprimand from a higher-up. This will inevitably lead to lower morale and heightened tension.

Friendly discussion and reasonable argument are critical for any workplace to run smoothly. Therefore it is advised that we be equipped with good negotiating skills， such as communicating clearly and listening actively， to make discussion and argument more productive and pleasant. （183 words）

語言亮點(diǎn)借鑒：

1. A recent study conducted in Shanghai found that 84.2 percent of the white-collar workers polled look at locking horns over a problem as an opportunity to reach common ground. 最近在上海所做的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，84.2%的受訪白領(lǐng)把就某個問題進(jìn)行爭論看作達(dá)成共識的機(jī)遇。look at... as 把……看作。lock horns over... 就……進(jìn)行爭論。reach common ground達(dá)成共識。

2. This provides an opportunity for all voices to be heard， thus promoting mutual understanding. 這便提供了一個機(jī)會，能聽到所有的意見，從而增進(jìn)了相互理解。voice意見，觀點(diǎn)。thus promoting mutual understanding是現(xiàn)在分詞短語用作狀語，表示結(jié)果。

3. Obviously， this is conducive to reaching agreement. 顯然，這有利于達(dá)成一致。be conducive to 有助于，有利于。

4. Therefore it is advised that we be equipped with good negotiating skills， such as communicating clearly and listening actively， to make discussion and argument more productive and pleasant. 因此，建議大家都具備良好的磋商技巧，如清晰表達(dá)和積極傾聽的能力，以便使討論和爭論更加富有成效和友好。it is advised that... 這是一個提建議的常用句型，后面的從句用虛擬語氣。

* 上海外國語大學(xué)國際新聞碩士，講師，專注大學(xué)英語寫作教學(xué)十余年。