野生虎重返中國(guó)

In 2010 there were no more than 20 wild tigers in China， most of which had crossed the border from Russia. That was until 2014， when camera traps captured footage of a tigress and her cubs in Jilin Wangqing Nature Reserve. It was a landmark moment—tigers were breeding in China again.

Thanks to the efforts of the government and conservationists， the population has been gradually recovering and dispersing inland from the countrys north most province at the border with Russia. But as poaching and deforestation remain a threat， rangers play a crucial role in protecting tiger habitats. Gathering data and preventing poaching and illegal logging， they act as the eyes and ears of the forest.

Qiu Shi is a member of a patrol team for the Dongning Forestry and Grassland Bureau. Uniquely， her team is the only all-female patrol team in Chinas tiger range. Together they work to protect the countrys north-most region of Heilongjiang. When they are not on patrol， they often visit their local markets and interact closely with the communities in which they grew up， listening to their challenges and concerns （especially related to wildlife conflict） and raising awareness of the need to protect tigers and other wildlife from poaching. It is hard work; in this region temperatures often drop as low as minus 40 degrees.

2010年，中國(guó)的野生虎不超過(guò)20只，其中大部分是從俄羅斯跨越邊境過(guò)來(lái)的。直到2014年，相機(jī)陷阱捕捉到了吉林汪清自然保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)一只雌虎與其幼崽的畫(huà)面。這是一個(gè)里程碑式的時(shí)刻，標(biāo)志著野生虎再次在中國(guó)繁衍生息。

得益于政府和自然環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者的努力，老虎的數(shù)量已經(jīng)逐漸增加，并從毗鄰俄羅斯的最北省份黑龍江向內(nèi)陸擴(kuò)散。但是，由于盜獵和濫伐森林的威脅依然存在，護(hù)林員在保護(hù)老虎棲息地方面發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用。他們收集數(shù)據(jù)，阻止盜獵和非法砍伐，為森林站崗放哨。

邱時(shí)是東寧市林業(yè)和草原局巡護(hù)隊(duì)的一員。與眾不同的是，她所在的隊(duì)伍是中國(guó)老虎保護(hù)區(qū)唯一的女子巡護(hù)隊(duì)。她們共同巡護(hù)位于中國(guó)最北端的黑龍江。閑暇時(shí)，她們經(jīng)常走訪(fǎng)當(dāng)?shù)厥袌?chǎng)，與自家所在社區(qū)的居民密切互動(dòng)，傾聽(tīng)他們的疑問(wèn)和擔(dān)憂(yōu)（尤其是人與野生動(dòng)物沖突方面的），并向人們宣傳要保護(hù)老虎和其他野生動(dòng)物免受盜獵。這是一項(xiàng)艱苦的工作，因?yàn)樵摰貐^(qū)的氣溫經(jīng)常低至零下40攝氏度。

As tigers return to the north most area of China， efforts are underway to ensure they are able to travel deeper into the country.

The tale of a solitary male tiger named Hu Wa demonstrates exactly why enabling tigers to move is so important. This 12-year-old male is the sole individual known in the Huangnihe Nature Reserve. His frantic search for a mate has seen him travel extensively， as far as the major city of Jilin. But major infrastructures such as the Heda Highway impede his movements and stop any tigress coming to him. So Hu Was home—the Huangnihe Nature Reserve is currently building a number of ecological corridor belts， and hopes that it will be interconnected with other protected areas inhabited by northeastern tigers.

The Huangnihe Nature Reserve is the first site of the country to be registered under the Conservation Assured|Tiger Standards （CA|TS） accreditation scheme， a commitment showing its ambition to safeguard the habitat for tigers into the future. China has also committed to increasing the extent of its protected areas， including creating the Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park which covers 14，600 km2， an area 60% larger than Yellowstone National Park in the US.

隨著老虎重返中國(guó)最北部地區(qū)，確保它們能夠深入內(nèi)陸的行動(dòng)也正在展開(kāi)。

一只名叫“虎娃”的獨(dú)居雄虎的故事生動(dòng)說(shuō)明了讓老虎能夠自由活動(dòng)的重要性。這只12歲的雄虎是黃泥河自然保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)已知的唯一東北虎。它急急火火地尋找配偶，足跡廣布，最遠(yuǎn)曾到達(dá)大城市吉林。但是，鶴大高速等大型基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施阻礙了它的行動(dòng)，也阻擋了雌虎前來(lái)找它的道路。因此，虎娃的家——黃泥河自然保護(hù)區(qū)正在建一些生態(tài)走廊帶，希望能與其他有東北虎棲息的保護(hù)區(qū)實(shí)現(xiàn)互聯(lián)互通。

黃泥河自然保護(hù)區(qū)是中國(guó)第一個(gè)在老虎保護(hù)區(qū)管理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（CA|TS）認(rèn)證計(jì)劃下注冊(cè)的保護(hù)區(qū)，這一舉措展現(xiàn)了中國(guó)在未來(lái)保護(hù)老虎棲息地的雄心。此外，中國(guó)還致力于擴(kuò)大保護(hù)區(qū)的范圍，包括建立東北虎豹國(guó)家公園。該公園面積為1.46萬(wàn)平方千米，比美國(guó)的黃石國(guó)家公園大60%。

Word Bank

footage /'f?t?d?/ n. （影片中的）連續(xù)鏡頭，片段

breed /bri?d/ v. 交配繁殖

Many animals breed only at certain times of the year.

poach /p??t?/ v. 偷獵，偷捕

patrol /p?'tr??l/ n. 巡邏；巡查