魯金紅
【摘 要】目的 探討?zhàn)B血祛風(fēng)湯在血虛風(fēng)熱型慢性蕁麻疹中的治療效果。方法 選擇我中心2018年1月-2022年10月收治的70例血虛風(fēng)熱型慢性蕁麻疹患者為研究對(duì)象,根據(jù)治療方案不同將其分為對(duì)照組和研究組,各35例。對(duì)照組口服鹽酸奧洛他定片治療,研究組則聯(lián)合口服養(yǎng)血祛風(fēng)湯治療,比較兩組臨床效果、主要癥狀與蕁麻疹活動(dòng)性評(píng)分變化及免疫因子水平變化,隨訪3個(gè)月比較兩組復(fù)發(fā)率。結(jié)果 研究組治療總有效率為94.29%,高于對(duì)照組的77.14%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);兩組治療后風(fēng)團(tuán)數(shù)目、瘙癢程度、水腫程度及皮膚劃痕癥評(píng)分低于治療前,且研究組低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);兩組治療后UAS評(píng)分低于治療前,且研究組低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);兩組治療后IL-4、LT及IgE水平低于治療前,IFN-γ水平高于治療前,且研究組各免疫因子水平優(yōu)于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);隨訪3個(gè)月,研究組復(fù)發(fā)率為5.71%,低于對(duì)照組的22.86%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 養(yǎng)血祛風(fēng)湯可有效緩解臨床癥狀,調(diào)節(jié)各免疫因子水平,療效確切,且復(fù)發(fā)率低,對(duì)促進(jìn)血虛風(fēng)熱型慢性蕁麻疹患者病情康復(fù)具有積極意義。
【關(guān)鍵詞】養(yǎng)血祛風(fēng)湯;血虛風(fēng)熱型慢性蕁麻疹;免疫因子;UAS評(píng)分
中圖分類號(hào):R758.24 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):1004-4949(2023)07-0067-04
Therapeutic Effect of Yangxue Qufeng Decoction in Chronic Urticaria of Blood Deficiency and Wind-heat Type
LU Jin-hong
(Fozuling Street Community Health Service Center, Wuhan East Lake New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan 430205, Hubei, China)
【Abstract】Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of Yangxue Qufeng decoction in chronic urticaria of blood deficiency and wind-heat type. Methods A total of 70 patients with chronic urticaria of blood deficiency and wind-heat type admitted to our center from January 2018 to October 2022 were selected as the research objects. According to different treatment schemes, they were divided into control group and study group, with 35 patients in each group. The control group was treated with oral olopatadine hydrochloride tablets, while the study group was treated with oral Yangxue Qufeng decoction. The clinical effect, main symptoms, urticaria activity score and immune factor level were compared between the two groups. The recurrence rate was compared between the two groups after 3 months of follow-up. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the study group was 94.29%, which was higher than 77.14% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the number of wheals, itching degree, edema degree and skin scratch score of the two groups were lower than those of the treatment, and those in the study group was lower than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the UAS score of the two groups was lower than that before treatment, and that in the study group was lower than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of IL-4, LT and IgE in the two groups were lower than those before treatment, the level of IFN-γ was higher than that before treatment, and the levels of immune factors in the study group were better than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). After 3 months of follow-up, the recurrence rate of the study group was 5.71%, which was lower than 22.86% of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Yangxue Qufeng decoction can effectively relieve clinical symptoms and regulate the levels of immune factors. Meanwhile, the curative effect is definite and the recurrence rate is low. It has positive significance for promoting the rehabilitation of patients with chronic urticaria of blood deficiency and wind-heat type.
【Key words】Yangxue Qufeng decoction; Chronic urticaria of blood deficiency and wind-heat type; Immune factors; UAS score
蕁麻疹(urticaria)屬于臨床上常見的一種皮膚黏膜水腫性疾病,當(dāng)病程超過6周且每周發(fā)病頻率在2次以上即稱為慢性蕁麻疹(chronic urticaria),臨床上常表現(xiàn)為皮膚瘙癢、風(fēng)團(tuán)、紅斑等,具有病程遷延、易反復(fù)發(fā)作的特點(diǎn)[1],使患者身心備受煎熬。西醫(yī)常以脫敏抗炎為治療原則,鹽酸奧洛他定片是臨床常用藥物,可通過調(diào)節(jié)各類炎性介質(zhì)的表達(dá)來緩解臨床癥狀,但停藥后易復(fù)發(fā),治療效果有限[2]。中醫(yī)將慢性蕁麻疹歸屬于“風(fēng)疹”“癮疹”范疇,主要因血虛生風(fēng)、風(fēng)邪侵襲、陰血不足所致,故常以養(yǎng)血祛風(fēng)、潤(rùn)燥止癢為主要治療方法[3]。本究選擇70例血虛風(fēng)熱型慢性蕁麻疹患者為研究對(duì)象,旨在探究養(yǎng)血祛風(fēng)湯的治療效果,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1.1 一般資料 選擇武漢東湖新技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)佛祖嶺街社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心2018年1月-2022年10月收治的70例血虛風(fēng)熱型慢性蕁麻疹患者為研究對(duì)象。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):所有患者均符合《中國蕁麻疹診療指南(2018版)》[4]與《中醫(yī)病證診斷療效標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》[5]中慢性蕁麻疹西醫(yī)與中醫(yī)的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn);肝腎功能正常;無藥物過敏史。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):近4周內(nèi)應(yīng)用其他治療藥物;合并嚴(yán)重器官功能障礙、免疫系統(tǒng)疾??;存在該研究藥物禁忌癥或過敏史;處于妊娠或哺乳期;失訪及臨床資料不全者。根據(jù)治療方案不同將其分為對(duì)照組和研究組,各35例。對(duì)照組男19例,女16例;年齡25~67歲,平均年齡(41.69±5.27)歲;病程0.5~3年,平均病程(1.65±0.72)年。研究組男18例,女17例;年齡27~65歲,平均年齡(41.58±5.14)歲;病程0.5~4年,平均病程(1.58±0.64)年。兩組性別、年齡、病程比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),研究可比。本研究所有患者均知情同意并簽署知情同意書。
1.2 方法 對(duì)照組口服鹽酸奧洛他定片(江蘇萬高藥業(yè)股份有限公司,國藥準(zhǔn)字H20193146,規(guī)格:5 mg)治療,5 mg/次,2次/d;連續(xù)治療4周。研究組在對(duì)照組基礎(chǔ)上口服養(yǎng)血祛風(fēng)湯治療,組方:首烏藤、酸棗仁各15 g,白芍、柴胡、川芎、當(dāng)歸、熟地、生地、黃精、桑葚、荊芥、防風(fēng)各10 g,蟬蛻、甘草各6 g。將諸藥水煎后取藥液300 ml左右,分早晚2次服用,1劑/d,連續(xù)治療4周。
1.3 觀察指標(biāo)
1.3.1臨床效果[6] 顯效:臨床癥狀基本消失,UAS評(píng)分降低90%以上;有效:臨床癥狀顯著緩解,UAS評(píng)分降低30%~90%;無效:未達(dá)到上述標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。總有效率=(顯效+有效)/總例數(shù)×100%。
1.3.2主要癥狀評(píng)分 根據(jù)瘙癢程度、風(fēng)團(tuán)數(shù)目、水腫程度、皮膚劃痕癥的嚴(yán)重程度進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),分為無癥狀(0分)、輕度(1分)、中度(2分)、重度(3分)。
1.3.3蕁麻疹活動(dòng)性評(píng)分[7] 蕁麻疹活動(dòng)性評(píng)分(UAS)包括風(fēng)團(tuán)數(shù)目及瘙癢程度,24 h內(nèi)風(fēng)團(tuán)數(shù)目包括無(0個(gè)計(jì)0分)、輕(20個(gè)以內(nèi)計(jì)1分)、中(20~50個(gè)計(jì)2分)、重(50個(gè)以上計(jì)3分),瘙癢程度包括無(計(jì)0分)、輕(計(jì)1分)、中(計(jì)2分)、重(計(jì)3分)。
1.3.4免疫因子水平 采集患者空腹條件下外周靜脈血5 ml離心分離出血清,選擇貝克曼AU6800全自動(dòng)生化分析儀及MB-530酶標(biāo)儀,采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法測(cè)定白細(xì)胞介素-4(IL-4)、白三烯(LT)及γ-干擾素(IFN-γ)水平,采用雙抗體夾心酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法測(cè)定外周血免疫球蛋白E(IgE)水平。
1.3.5復(fù)發(fā)率 隨訪3個(gè)月,比較兩組復(fù)發(fā)情況。
1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法 采用SPSS 17.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理,計(jì)量資料以(x-±s)比較,行t檢驗(yàn),計(jì)數(shù)資料以[n(%)]表示,行χ2檢驗(yàn);P<0.05表示差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 兩組臨床效果比較 研究組治療總有效率高于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表1。
2.2 兩組主要癥狀評(píng)分比較 兩組治療后風(fēng)團(tuán)數(shù)目、瘙癢程度、水腫程度及皮膚劃痕癥評(píng)分低于治療前,且研究組低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表2。
2.3 兩組UAS評(píng)分比較 兩組治療后UAS評(píng)分低于治療前,且研究組低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表3。
2 . 4 兩組免疫因子水平比較 兩組治療后IL-4、LT及IgE水平低于治療前,IFN-γ水平高于治療前,且研究組各免疫因子水平優(yōu)于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表4。
2.5 兩組復(fù)發(fā)率比較 隨訪3個(gè)月,研究組復(fù)發(fā)2例,對(duì)照組復(fù)發(fā)8例,研究組復(fù)發(fā)率為5.71%(2/35),低于對(duì)照組的22.86%(8/35),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。