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        小切口去脂聯(lián)合連續(xù)埋線(xiàn)重瞼術(shù)在不對(duì)稱(chēng)雙眼皮整形中的應(yīng)用效果

        2023-06-02 07:06:50范海霞
        醫(yī)學(xué)美學(xué)美容 2023年7期

        范海霞

        【摘 要】目的 探究小切口去脂聯(lián)合連續(xù)埋線(xiàn)重瞼術(shù)在不對(duì)稱(chēng)雙眼皮整形中的應(yīng)用效果。方法 選取2022年1月-6月我院收治的84例不對(duì)稱(chēng)雙眼皮患者為研究對(duì)象,采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為觀(guān)察組和對(duì)照組,各42例。對(duì)照組給予常規(guī)切開(kāi)重瞼術(shù),觀(guān)察組給予小切口去脂聯(lián)合連續(xù)埋線(xiàn)重瞼術(shù),比較兩組臨床指標(biāo)、疼痛程度、炎癥因子水平、美觀(guān)度、滿(mǎn)意度及并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況。結(jié)果 觀(guān)察組術(shù)中失血量小于對(duì)照組,手術(shù)時(shí)間及切口愈合時(shí)間短于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);觀(guān)察組術(shù)后1、2、3 h VAS評(píng)分均低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);觀(guān)察組術(shù)后IL-6、CRP、TNF-α水平均低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);觀(guān)察組總美觀(guān)度為97.62%,高于對(duì)照組的83.33%(P<0.05);觀(guān)察組總滿(mǎn)意度為95.24%,高于對(duì)照組的80.95%(P<0.05);觀(guān)察組并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 小切口去脂聯(lián)合連續(xù)埋線(xiàn)重瞼術(shù)在不對(duì)稱(chēng)雙眼皮整形中的應(yīng)用效果確切,可有效減輕患者疼痛,且術(shù)后恢復(fù)快、炎癥輕,并發(fā)癥發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較低,有利于提高眼部美觀(guān)度,患者滿(mǎn)意度較高,值得臨床應(yīng)用。

        【關(guān)鍵詞】小切口去脂;連續(xù)埋線(xiàn)重瞼術(shù);不對(duì)稱(chēng)雙眼皮;整形效果

        中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):R622 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):1004-4949(2023)07-0047-04

        Application Effect of Small Incision Degreasing Combined with Continuous Embedding Double Eyelid Surgery in Asymmetric Double Eyelid Plastic Surgery

        FAN Hai-xia

        (Kweichow Moutai Hospital, Zunyi 564500, Guizhou, China)

        【Abstract】Objective To explore the application effect of small incision degreasing combined with continuous embedding double eyelid surgery in asymmetric double eyelid plastic surgery. Methods A total of 84 patients with asymmetric double eyelids admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to June were selected as the research objects and divided into observation group and control group by random number table method, with 42 cases in each group. The control group was given conventional incision double eyelid surgery, and the observation group was given small incision degreasing combined with continuous embedding double eyelid surgery. The clinical indicators, pain degree, inflammatory factor levels, aesthetics, satisfaction and complications were compared between the two groups. Results The intraoperative blood loss in the observation group was less than that in the control group, and the operation time and incision healing time were shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). The VAS scores of the observation group at 1, 2 and 3 h after operation were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). After operation, the levels of IL-6, CRP and TNF-α in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total aesthetic degree of the observation group was 97.62%, which was higher than 83.33% of the control group (P<0.05). The total satisfaction of the observation group was 95.24%, which was higher than 80.95% of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The application effect of small incision degreasing combined with continuous embedding double eyelid surgery in asymmetric double eyelid plastic surgery is definite, which can effectively reduce the pain of patients, and the postoperative recovery is fast, the inflammation is light, and the risk of complications is low. Meanwhile, it is beneficial to improve the aesthetics of the eyes, and the patient satisfaction is high, which is worthy of clinical application.

        【Key words】Small incision degreasing; Continuous embedding double eyelid surgery; Asymmetric eyelids; Plastic effect

        不對(duì)稱(chēng)雙眼皮(asymmetric eyelids)可能是由于外傷、病毒、感染或者手術(shù)失敗等原因?qū)е?,可采用手術(shù)修復(fù)方式改善,通過(guò)整理皮下組織結(jié)構(gòu)與上瞼皮膚,使其不對(duì)稱(chēng)形態(tài)得到糾正,以此提高面部美觀(guān)度[1-3]。以往臨床常采用常規(guī)切開(kāi)重瞼術(shù)修復(fù)不對(duì)稱(chēng)雙眼皮,雖有一定效果,但手術(shù)為會(huì)給患者眼部組織帶來(lái)一定損傷,術(shù)后患者容易出現(xiàn)感染、眼瞼腫脹等并發(fā)癥,直接影響其恢復(fù)進(jìn)程,整體療效較不理想[4-6]。隨著醫(yī)療技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,小切口去脂聯(lián)合連續(xù)埋線(xiàn)重瞼術(shù)以其創(chuàng)傷小、恢復(fù)快、安全性高等優(yōu)勢(shì)逐漸應(yīng)用于不對(duì)稱(chēng)雙眼皮患者的治療中,受到了業(yè)界的廣泛關(guān)注[7,8]。基于此,本研究旨在探究小切口去脂聯(lián)合連續(xù)埋線(xiàn)重瞼術(shù)在不對(duì)稱(chēng)雙眼皮整形中的應(yīng)用效果,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。

        1 資料與方法

        1.1 一般資料 選取2022年1月-6月貴州茅臺(tái)醫(yī)院收治的84例不對(duì)稱(chēng)雙眼皮患者為研究對(duì)象。納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):確診為不對(duì)稱(chēng)雙眼皮,存在兩側(cè)眼皮寬度、深淺不一等情況;認(rèn)知正常。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):存在麻醉禁忌者;合并感染性疾病者;過(guò)敏體質(zhì)者;合并血液疾病者;合并凝血障礙者。采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為觀(guān)察組和對(duì)照組,各42例。對(duì)照組男6例,女36例;年齡21~45歲,平均年齡(32.51±5.24)歲。觀(guān)察組男5例,女37例;年齡22~45歲,平均年齡(32.48±5.26)歲。兩組性別、年齡比較(P>0.05),具有可比性。本研究所有患者知情同意并簽署知情同意書(shū)。

        1.2 方法 對(duì)照組給予常規(guī)切開(kāi)重瞼術(shù):術(shù)者需對(duì)患者面部進(jìn)行消毒,設(shè)計(jì)重瞼線(xiàn),并給予患者浸潤(rùn)麻醉,方式為1%腎上腺素液1 ml +2%利多卡因3 ml。沿設(shè)計(jì)線(xiàn)切開(kāi)皮膚、皮下組織,剪除瞼板前一條眼輪匝肌,并對(duì)瞼板前組織進(jìn)行修剪,做一小切口于眶膈上瞼中外1/3處,長(zhǎng)約0.2 cm,并剪除脂肪包膜下疝處脂肪,用5-0絲線(xiàn)對(duì)眶膈進(jìn)行縫合,縫合眶膈上瞼提肌腱膜融合部與切口上下緣皮膚。觀(guān)察組給予小切口去脂聯(lián)合連續(xù)埋線(xiàn)重瞼成形術(shù):引導(dǎo)患者輕閉眼裂,觀(guān)察其不對(duì)稱(chēng)眼皮情況,用牙簽一端將內(nèi)眥部位、眼瞼中部皮膚分別向眼瞼部壓,囑患者睜眼,觀(guān)察重瞼形態(tài),并對(duì)需要進(jìn)行修復(fù)的部位進(jìn)行標(biāo)記。常規(guī)面部消毒,由患者重瞼線(xiàn)外向內(nèi)浸潤(rùn)消毒,使用1%腎上腺素注射液1 ml+2%鹽酸利多卡因注射液3 ml進(jìn)行麻醉。若術(shù)中患者存在多余的眶膈脂肪需要切除,則應(yīng)該在患者眶脂部進(jìn)行浸潤(rùn)麻醉。以術(shù)前標(biāo)記為依據(jù),用手術(shù)刀將患者皮膚至眼輪匝肌之間切開(kāi),提起、切除眼輪匝肌,直至雙眼對(duì)稱(chēng)。使用微型血管鉗將眶膈膜剝開(kāi),切除掉游離出來(lái)的多余的眶膈脂肪。脂肪徹底切除后,需對(duì)眶膈脂肪膜進(jìn)行保留,復(fù)位后觀(guān)察患者雙眼是否對(duì)稱(chēng),若依舊不對(duì)稱(chēng)或效果欠佳,可繼續(xù)對(duì)皮下與眼輪匝肌進(jìn)行分離,直至雙眼皮對(duì)稱(chēng)??p合,埋線(xiàn)。若術(shù)中出現(xiàn)出血情況,需給予紗布?jí)浩戎寡?。兩組術(shù)后均使用抗生素預(yù)防感染,適量涂抹紅霉素眼膏于眼瞼下部。

        1.3 觀(guān)察指標(biāo) 比較兩組臨床指標(biāo)(術(shù)中失血量、手術(shù)時(shí)間、切口愈合時(shí)間)、疼痛程度、炎癥因子水平、美觀(guān)度、滿(mǎn)意度及并發(fā)癥(眼瞼炎、結(jié)膜炎、瘀斑、感染)發(fā)生情況。①疼痛程度:通過(guò)視覺(jué)模擬評(píng)分法(VAS)對(duì)手術(shù)后1、2、3 h時(shí)患者的疼痛程度進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),分值為0~10分,0分無(wú)痛,10分劇烈疼痛,分?jǐn)?shù)越高表示患者的疼痛越嚴(yán)重;②炎癥因子水平:分別于手術(shù)前后采取患者3 ml外周靜脈血,常規(guī)離心(3000 r/min,12 min),取上層血清,采取酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法(ELISA)對(duì)血清白細(xì)胞介素-6(IL-6)、C反應(yīng)蛋白(CRP)、腫瘤壞死因子-α(TNF-α)水平進(jìn)行檢測(cè),相關(guān)操作需嚴(yán)格按照說(shuō)明書(shū)流程進(jìn)行,堅(jiān)持無(wú)菌原則;③美觀(guān)度:術(shù)后6個(gè)月時(shí)對(duì)患者進(jìn)行美觀(guān)度評(píng)估,劃分為美觀(guān)、尚可、不美觀(guān)3個(gè)等級(jí);美觀(guān):睜眼及閉眼狀態(tài)下,患者雙眼皮美觀(guān)、對(duì)稱(chēng),無(wú)瘢痕,重瞼線(xiàn)條流暢且自然;尚可:睜眼狀態(tài)下,患者雙眼皮美觀(guān)、對(duì)稱(chēng),但閉眼情況下可見(jiàn)輕微瘢痕,重瞼線(xiàn)條生硬,但對(duì)稱(chēng)性并未受到嚴(yán)重影響;不美觀(guān):無(wú)論是睜眼還是閉眼,雙眼皮依舊不對(duì)稱(chēng),且瘢痕較重,重瞼明顯消失;總美觀(guān)度=美觀(guān)率+尚可率;④滿(mǎn)意度:采用自擬問(wèn)卷對(duì)患者進(jìn)行調(diào)查,分為非常滿(mǎn)意、一般滿(mǎn)意、不滿(mǎn)意3項(xiàng),由患者主觀(guān)進(jìn)行選擇,總滿(mǎn)意度=非常滿(mǎn)意率+一般滿(mǎn)意率。

        1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法 采用SPSS 22.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析,計(jì)數(shù)資料以(n,%)表示,行χ2檢驗(yàn);計(jì)量資料以(x-±s)表示,行t檢驗(yàn);P<0.05表示差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。

        2 結(jié)果

        2.1 兩組臨床指標(biāo)比較 觀(guān)察組術(shù)中失血量小于對(duì)照組,手術(shù)時(shí)間及切口愈合時(shí)間短于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),見(jiàn)表1。

        2.2 兩組疼痛程度比較 觀(guān)察組術(shù)后1、2、3 h VAS評(píng)分均低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),見(jiàn)表1。

        2.3 兩組炎癥因子水平比較 觀(guān)察組術(shù)后IL-6、CRP、TNF-α水平均低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),見(jiàn)表3。

        2.4 兩組美觀(guān)度比較 觀(guān)察組總美觀(guān)度高于對(duì)照組(χ2=4.974,P=0.026),見(jiàn)表4。

        2.5 兩組滿(mǎn)意度比較 觀(guān)察組總滿(mǎn)意度高于對(duì)照組(χ2=4.086,P=0.043),見(jiàn)表5。

        2.6 兩組并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況比較 觀(guān)察組并發(fā)癥總發(fā)生率低于對(duì)照組(χ2=5.486,P=0.019),見(jiàn)表6。

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