“Heart”TheoryfromthePerspectiveofZhuXi’sClassicInterpretation
KANG Yu

(SchoolofMarxism,HeilongjiangUniversity,Harbin150080,China)

Abstract:Zhu Xi developed his theory of heart by interpreting classics. By interpreting the “sixteen character heart formula”, he distinguished the “Tao heart” from the “human heart”, which made it possible to integrate psychology, and further realized the interaction between “heart” and “reason” in the subject’s life experience and understanding of Tao based on the classic understanding. By interpreting the relationship between “heart” and “benevolence” in the texts of the four books, we can promote the change of the direction of Neo Confucianism towards the ethical goal of Confucius and Mencius benevolence in the pre-Qin period. He also constructed hermeneutic metaphysics and led the classic interpretation with the concept of “body and function”. With his efforts, “heart” has become the clue of the formation of the logical relationship of “body and function”. At the level of Gong Fu theory, Zhu Xi set the “heart” as the key to the practice of “cutting oneself and applying” and the cultivation of “respecting self-cultivation”. Its effect makes the Confucian classic interpretation theory become an essentially ethical hermeneutics.

Keywords:Classic Interpretation; Zhu Xi; Neo Confucianism; Theory of Heart

ThePracticeofFightingagainstDisasterandEpidemicinChinaand
theContemporaryApplicationofMarxistPhilosophy
LI Yi-yang

(Schoolofphilosophy,HeilongjiangUniversity,Harbin150080,China)

Abstract: The relationship between human and nature runs through the historical process of human society. Facing the changes of the ecological environment and the sudden outbreak of Covid-19 pneumonia, the practice of anti disaster and epidemic is related to the survival of mankind, and is an important breach of the harmony between human, nature and society. In terms of combating disaster and epidemic, Chinese practice has integrated the spirit of Chinese traditional culture with the Sinicization of contemporary Marxism, fully developed Marxist ecological philosophy, and made great contributions to revealing the essence and laws of disaster and epidemic, meeting human survival needs and maintaining ecological balance. At the same time, adhering to the human standpoint, it provides Chinese wisdom for global ecological security, human life security and the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind. It is also the living soul and interpretation of the spirit of Marxist philosophy.

Keywords:The Practice of Fighting against Disaster and Epidemic; Human and Nature; Marxist Philosophy; Chinese Experience

TheRealityandEnlightenmentofthePoliticalParticipation
oftheElderlyinSouthKorea
JIAO Pei

(SchoolofMarxism,ShandongUniversity,ShandongWeihai, 264209,China)

Abstract:Based on the analysis of KGSS survey data, the political participation of the elderly in South Korea not only has similarities with European and American countries, but also shows strong national characteristics. In general, the political participation of the elderly in South Korea is also more active and enthusiastic, and the political tendency is also more conservative. In terms of characteristics, on the one hand, the conservative tendency of the elderly in South Korea can be distinguished by their attitude towards North Korea. On the other hand, the elderly in South Korea did not show a more positive attitude in welfare finance. They not only did not show significant differences with non elderly people in financial issues indirectly related to elderly welfare such as health care and unemployment benefits, but also adopted a relatively conservative financial attitude in the issue of elderly annuity expenditure directly related to elderly welfare. This “conservative” but “not greedy” political participation of the elderly in South Korea is not only conducive to the construction of a new elderly culture in an aging society, but also conducive to the implementation of the elderly employment system in an aging society. It also reminds us that we should take precautions, pay attention to the political influence of the elderly, give full play to the modern value of the thought of respecting the elderly and filial piety, revitalize the elderly human resources, guide them to play a positive role, and realize the old people’s potential on the basis of win-win for generations.

Keywords:Political Participation; Aged; South Korea; Employment for the Aged

OnEnvironmentalAdministrativeRewardundertheGoalof“DoubleCarbon”
WANG Zi-han

(GraduateSchool,people’sPublicSecurityUniversityofChina,Beijing100038,China)

Abstract: As an effective way of environmental governance, environmental administrative reward plays a significant positive role in sustainable environmental protection and is of great significance to achieve the goals of “carbon peak” and “carbon neutralization”. However, the environmental administrative reward under the “double carbon” goal still faces practical difficulties such as insufficient legal provisions, single reward form and lack of effective supervision. It is necessary to improve the relevant legal system of environmental administrative reward, help the diversification of reward forms with digital technology, and strengthen the supervision of environmental administrative reward, so as to achieve the “double carbon” goal as soon as possible and better serve the construction of ecological civilization and the rule of law.

Keywords:“Carbon Peak”; “Carbon Neutralization”; “Double Carbon” Target; Environmental Administrative Incentives; Construction of Ecological Civilization and Rule of Law

OnN.Baykov’sHeilongjiangRiverBasinEcologicalWriting
JIN Gang

(InstituteofLiterature，HeilongjiangAcademyofSocialSciences，Harbin150028，China)

Abstract:N.Baykov was considered to be the most famous writer and natural scientist among the Russian diasporas in Harbin in the early 20th century. The natural ecology of the Heilongjiang River Basin was the only subject of his scientific research and creation. His creations took the relationship between nature and people in the Heilongjiang River Basin as the object of exploration, constructing his independent ecological ethics, and expressing his views on the relationship between humans and nature. In Baykov’s view, nature was the mother of human beings and the homeland for human beings to obtain happiness. For this reason, he constantly explored the construction of the harmonious relationship between man and nature in his works, and attempted to seek a way out of constructing ecological balance through the spiritual interpretation of the ethical connection between man and animals.

Keywords:Russian Diaspora；N.Baykov；Heilongjiang River Basin；Ecological Writing；Ecological Literature

TheRegisterandDifferentialManagementofImperialClanintheHanDynasty
CHEN Peng

(CollegeofLiterature,JilinUniversity,Changchun130012,China)

Abstract: According to the blood relationship with the reigning emperor, the members of the royal family were divided into two parts in the Han Dynasty. The Register of Imperial Clan records the royals within Wushu while the genealogy of vassal kings records the members of various vassal branches which include the royals outside Wushu. This system of Register of Imperial Clan was roughly established during the period of the Empress Lu, and was perfect after the period of the Emperor Wen and Jing of Han. With the increasing influence of the Confucian ritual system on the Han Dynasty, the funeral garments Wufu(Five costumes)provided the Confucian support for the system of Register of Imperial Clan. In the Han Dynasty, the royals within or outside Wushu had big difference on the political, legal and economic privileges which showed a differential management mode.

Keywords:Han Dynasty；the Register of Imperial Clan；Wushu；Wufu；Differential Management

LeaseandRecoveryofBallukMountainintheLateQingDynasty
ZHANG Shuai

(ChinaFrontierResearchInstitute,ChineseAcademyofSocialSciences,Beijing100101,China)

Abstract:In the ninth year of Guangxu (1883), Russia forcibly rented the place for ten years on the grounds that some Kazakh people had been nomadic on the balluk mountain of talbahatai before the demarcation of the northwest between China and Russia in the Tongzhi period. This deliberately undermines the principle of “people return wherever they go” determined during the demarcation between China and Russia, and Russia does not want to return it after the expiration, creating various reasons to attempt to extend the lease term. After analyzing the strategic value of balluk mountain in detail, Chang Geng, then general of Ili, strongly advised the Qing court that it must be recovered on schedule. In diplomatic negotiations, he effectively used the principle of “people go wherever they go”, not only argued with Russia, but also made concessions in time to avoid the breakdown of negotiations, and finally ensured the timely recovery of balluk mountain. This was another great achievement in diplomacy in the late Qing Dynasty after Zeng Jize recovered Ili from Russia.

Keywords:Guangxu Dynasty; Balluk Mountain; Chang Geng; Russia; People Go Everywhere

TheContradictionofWomenattheBottom:theSituationofthe
WitchGroupintheRepublicofChina
WANG Xue-bin

(Schoolofhistory,CapitalNormalUniversity,Beijing100048,China)

Abstract: As a special group of three religions and nine streams, witches have existed in civil society since ancient times. After the founding of the Republic of China, with the spread of scientific thought, they were often criticized by elites and enlightened people, and were constantly prohibited by the government. However, the belief of ordinary people in this group has never been interrupted, which is in sharp contrast to the attitude of the upper class. The contradictory situation of witches in the two worlds reflects the conflict and collision between tradition and modernity in the changes of the times. Only by clarifying the identity characteristics under different backgrounds can we understand the era logic of witches’ living situation.

Keywords:Republic of China; Women at the Bottom; Witch Group