王秀鳳
一般將來時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、事情或存在的狀態(tài),也表示將來經(jīng)?;蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情。
Ⅰ.一般將來時(shí)常用的時(shí)間狀語
tomorrow, tomorrow morning / afternoon / evening,next week / month / year,from now on, in + 段時(shí)間,after + 點(diǎn)時(shí)間,in the future等。
Ⅱ.一般將來時(shí)的用法
1. will / shall + 動(dòng)詞原形
表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。如:
I will / shall go to Hainan on vacation with my parents this coming summer holiday.
即將到來的暑假我將和父母去海南度假。
We wont (shant ) be busy this evening. 我們今晚不忙。
注意:在以第一人稱I或we作主語的問句中,一般使用助動(dòng)詞shall,通常表示征求對(duì)方的意見。如:
—Shall we go to see a film this evening? ——我們今晚去看電影好嗎?
—Why not ? There is a new movie on show. Lets go.
——為什么不呢? 有一部新電影正在放映。 我們走吧。
2. be going to + 動(dòng)詞原形
①表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事。如:
How are you going to spend your holidays? 假期你準(zhǔn)備怎樣過?
②表示即將發(fā)生或肯定要發(fā)生的事。如:
I think it is going to snow. 我看要下雪了。
③“will”句型與“be going to”句型區(qū)別:前者表示將來時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀情況,后者表示打算、計(jì)劃、準(zhǔn)備做的事情,更強(qiáng)調(diào)主語的主觀意愿。如:
Tomorrow will be Saturday. 明天是周六了。
We are going to visit Paris this summer. 今年夏天我們打算游覽巴黎。
Ⅲ. 一般將來時(shí)的幾種特殊用法
1. 用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來
go, come, leave, fly, start, return, drive等表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞,可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一般將來時(shí),指按計(jì)劃或安排即將發(fā)生某事,且常與表示將來時(shí)間的狀語連用。如:
My uncle is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.明天我叔叔將動(dòng)身前往上海。
2. 在條件狀語從句和時(shí)間狀語從句中,如果主句是一般將來時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來時(shí)。如:
If it is fine tomorrow, well go swimming. 如果明天天氣好的話,我們將去游泳。
John will join us when he is free. 當(dāng)約翰有空的時(shí)候他會(huì)加入我們。
3.某些詞如come, go, leave, arrive, start, get, stay, live, fly等,這些詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)也可以表示根據(jù)規(guī)定或時(shí)間預(yù)計(jì)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如:
The new term starts (begins) on August 29th. 新學(xué)期8月29日開學(xué)。
The train leaves at 12:00. 火車12點(diǎn)離站。
4.在“祈使句 + and / or + 陳述句”句型中,陳述句只能用will或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形。如:
Think it over, and you will be able to work out the problem.
仔細(xì)想想,你就能解決這個(gè)問題。
Work hard, or you will fail your exam. 努力學(xué)習(xí),否則你會(huì)不及格的。
5. there be句型中一般將來時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)為:There will be... / There is / are going to be...如:
There is going to / will be a basketball match this afternoon.
今天下午將有一場(chǎng)籃球比賽。
對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練:
1. —The coffees finished!
—Oh, sorry! Ito the shop to get some.
A. am going? ? ? B. was going? ? ? ? ? C. went? ? ? D. have gone
2. —What are you expecting to do when the flu stops spreading?
—Iaround the world and enjoy different food.
A. go? ? ? B. have been on a tour of
C. will travel? ? D. went
3. —Is Helen here?
—Not yet, but she in half hour.
A. arrives? ? ? B. will arrive? ? ? ? C. arrived D. has arrived
4. You can borrow this film—surely youwatching it.
A. enjoy? ? ? ? B. enjoyed? ? C. will enjoy D. have enjoyed
初中生學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)·提升版2022年11期