Abstracts

A Review on International Organization Studies from the Perspective of Chinese Scholars (5)

Zhang Huiyu An Yuchen

【Abstract】International organizations (IOs) are playing an increasingly important role in the international community, and have drawn much scholarly attention in China. This paper attempts to make a systematic review on existing studies of IOs by Chinese scholars, mainly covering four topics: definition and classification, internal management, external influence as well as participation of states/regions. As for the definition and classification of IOs,there are some different opinions among Chinese scholars, but some shared characteristics are highlighted. Studies on their internal management focus on the administrative system,personnel management, and decision-making; studies on their external impacts focus on their roles in the international community and factors affecting their influence; studies on the participation of states/regions focus on the participation of major countries as well as the history and status quo of China’s participation in IOs. Based on the literature review, this paper analyzes the contributions of Chinese scholars to the study of IOs, points out the main problems of existing studies in terms of theoretical foundations, research themes, research methods, and research perspectives, and proposes directions for further studies.

【Key Words】international organizations, Chinese scholars, internal management, external influence, participation of states

【Authors】Zhang Huiyu, Professor of the School of International Studies, Zhejiang University, whose research focuses on international organizations, as well as language policy and planning; An Yuchen, graduate student of the School of International Studies, Zhejiang University, whose research focuses on international organizations.

A Study of Competency Frameworks for International Civil Servants: Comparing FAO and ITU (25)

Wu Fan Li Aiguo

【Abstract】International organizations are important participants in international relations,and international civil servants are important driving forces for the efficient operation of international organizations. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the competence development in international civil servants. With the help of Nvivo, this paper compares the competency framework texts of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The competency is divided into two dimensions: explicit competence and implicit competence. Each dimension contains different indicators. It is found that they have organization-specific competencies,while the skill dimension in explicit competence and the social-role dimension and motivation dimension in implicit competence receive equal attention by both organizations.

【Key Words】FAO, ITU, international civil servant, competency framework

【Authors】Wu Fan, graduate student, School of International Relations and Diplomacy,Beijing Foreign Studies University; Li Aiguo, Assistant professor, School of International Organizations, Beijing Foreign Studies University.

A Study of Competence of International Civil Servants:Comparing OECD and WB (40)

Chen Lüxia Yin Tong Zhang Ruiqi Zhao Yuan

【Abstract】Currently, in international organizations, Chinese staff still face problems such as under-representation and low-level positions, which are mainly due to China’s insufficient talent pool for international organizations. Increasing the pool requires a thorough understanding of the competency needs of international civil servants, based on which targeted training programs can be developed. Given the importance of international organizations focusing on economic development to China, this paper discusses two international organizations, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development(OECD) and the World Bank (WB), analyzing, coding and comparing their staff competency documents with Nvivo 11 while using the iceberg model and rooting theory. The study, after summarizing their competency models, found that the competency needs of employees at different levels in different international organizations are based on the mission, functions,performance, development, nature of job and employee roles. The competency needs of junior staff are basic skills, such as strong communication and cooperation skills; those of middle-level staff, high level of professionalism; and those of senior staff, strategic thinking and resource integration skills, as well as strong organizational awareness and responsibility.Finally, this paper proposes suggestions for cultivating talents for international organizations in China at three levels: national, university and individual.

【Key Words】international civil servants, international organizations, competence,qualitative research

【Authors】 Chen Lüxia, graduate student at the School of English and International Studies, Beijing Foreign Studies University, whose research interests include areas studies and international talent training; Yin Tong, graduate student at the School of International Relations, Beijing Foreign Studies University, whose research interests are international political strategy and areas studies; Zhang Ruiqi, graduate student at the School of International Organizations, Beijing Foreign Studies University, whose research interests are international public policy and international organization studies; Zhao Yuan, Corresponding Author, lecturer, School of International Relations, Beijing Foreign Studies University,whose research focuses on development of international political talents and assessment of party and government leaders.

Divergence and Consensus: Exploring the Path of China-India Cooperation in WTO Reform (54)

Wu Gai

【Abstract】WTO is facing the challenge of unilateralism from the United States, and reform is imperative. As representatives of developing countries in the WTO, China and India play an important role in WTO reform. The two countries maintain a high degree of consistency in the basic principles and specific contents of reform; in certain specific areas,however, they have some disagreements. The study finds that the differences are secondary issues, and do not fundamentally affect their cooperation on the WTO reform. Their cooperation can start from urgent issues; then move to areas with greater consensus; and finally bridge their differences by communicating regularly and establishing a platform for mutual assistance.

【Key Words】WTO Reform, Divergence, Consensus, Sino-Indian Cooperation

【Author】Wu Gai, doctoral student, Institute of International Relations, China Foreign Affairs University, whose research focus on international organizations and global governance.

Political Security Risks of BRI in Oceania (73)

Ling Shengli Li Hang

【Abstract】Since its proposal in 2013, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has been recognized by more and more countries in Oceania, and has made visible progress in five areas: policy coordination, infrastructure connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration, and connecting people, promoting the common development of China and Oceania countries. Due to the great number of island countries, different levels of economic development, complex ethnic composition and the leading role of Australia and New Zealand in the region, the BRI faces political and security risks, such as the game of major powers and political instability. This requires China to take multiple measures, including public information campaign, proper handling of China-related issues, better communication with major powers, better security guarantees, and cooperation in the marine environment,in order to enhance political mutual trust and economic cooperation among the countries and promote the relatively smooth implementation of the BRI in Oceania in the post-COVID era.

【Key Words】BRI, political security risks, Oceania

【Authors】Ling Shengli, deputy director and associate professor, Institute of International Relations, China Foreign Affairs University, whose research focuses on Asia-Pacific security, Sino-US relations and Chinese diplomacy; Li Hang, graduate student, Institute of International Relations, China Foreign Affairs University, whose research focuses on Asia-Pacific security.

EU’s Arctic Policy—A Study Based on the Interpretation of Policy Documents (98)

Chang Xin

【Abstract】The consultation on the future of the EU’s Arctic policy, launched on July 20,2020, will prompt a policy review in the face of new challenges and opportunities. The EU is an important stakeholder in Arctic affairs due to its unique geographical and historical ties. EU institutions have begun to issue their policy documents on Arctic affairs since 2007. Among them, “The European Union and the Arctic Region” issued by the European Commission in 2008, the “Developing a European Union Policy towards the Arctic Region:Progress since 2008 and Next Steps” and “An Integrated European Union Policy for the Arctic” jointly issued by the European Commission and the EEAS in 2012 and 2016, most clearly explain the EU propositions in the Arctic. After successive policy adjustments and updates, EU has made considerable progress in establishing and developing its policies,positions and priorities, but there are some shortcomings. In fact, the EU’s Arctic policy will help maintain its sustained focus on Arctic issues in the context of EU affairs, and it is also a way to achieve the boarder goals of EU climate policy, external relations, as well as the promotion of sustainable economic and innovative development. As a huge entity with political and economic influence, EU’s Arctic diplomacy and its strategic design deserve our attention.

【Key Words】European Union, Arctic, policy documents, priorities

【Author】Chang Xin, Doctoral Candidate of the School of Social Science of Tsinghua University, whose research focuses on Eurasian region, China-U.S. relations.

International Migration Challenge and Its Governance from the Perspective of Non-traditional Security (113)

Chen Jimin

【Abstract】International migration, especially the non-traditional security challenges brought by irregular migration, has increasingly become the focus of the international community. These challenges are mainly manifested as international terrorism, transnational organized crime, international public health security, ecological environment security, and economic security. There should be a dialectical cognition and a scientific attitude towards such challenges caused by international migration. This is the basic prerequisite for the international community to effectively deal with the said challenges. On this basis, the international community should strive to build an international immigration governance system composed of national governance by sovereign states as its core, regional governance by regional organizations and global governance under the framework of international organizations as its supplements.

【Key Words】non-traditional security, international migration, irregular migration

【Author】Chen Jimin, Professor of Institute for International and Strategic Studies, Party School of Central Committee of C.P.C., whose research focuses on US national security strategy, China-US relations, international migration.

Rwanda’s Green Development Model: History, Motivation and Experience (132)

Li Qiang Wu Hanwen

【Abstract】The Paris Agreement entered into effect in 2016, marking the “bottom-up”Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) as the new model for the response to the global climate change after 2020. Global climate governance is a global issue that requires the participation of all countries and regions around the world, and small and developing countries, because of their large number, are an important force in promoting global climate governance. However, it is unreasonable and impossible to ask these countries to make contributes at the expense of their own development. Therefore, how to achieve compatibility between “economic development” of small developing countries and global climate governance is a question worth considering. As an LDC that has experienced devastating destruction, Rwanda has been reborn after years of green development. By analyzing the history and experience of Rwanda in achieving rapid economic development through green development, we can draw some useful ideas for small developing countries to achieve development through green development, so they can play a role in global climate governance.

【Key Words】Rwanda, small developing countries, green economy, sustainable development, global climate governance

【Authors】Li Qiang, Dean and Professor of the School of International Relations, Tianjin Foreign Studies University, whose research focuses on global climate governance; Wu Hanwen, Master’s degree candidate of the School of International Relations, Tianjin Foreign Studies University, whose research focuses on global climate governance.