湯洵 唯敏

《西溪路五十六號》，2021年6月浙江大學(xué)出版社出版，作者湯洵、唯敏。本書介紹了位于西溪路五十六號的原杭州大學(xué)教師宿舍——杭大新村所具有的社會、歷史、文化價值，特別介紹了曾經(jīng)在這里居住和生活過的具有廣泛影響的數(shù)十位著名教授、學(xué)者、專家的學(xué)術(shù)建樹、治學(xué)精神，從一個側(cè)面體現(xiàn)了杭州這座歷史文化名城深厚的歷史文化積淀。

杭州城西，曾有一所著名的高等學(xué)府——杭州大學(xué)。這是一所以文、史、哲和數(shù)、理、化為主兼有多種學(xué)科的綜合性大學(xué)，它雖是一所地方性大學(xué)，但在全國大學(xué)排名中卻名列前茅。

杭州大學(xué)的南面，過沿山河，有一個綠樹籠罩的小區(qū)，綠蔭中一幢幢二三層小樓時隱時現(xiàn)，這就是杭州大學(xué)的教授宿舍，叫杭大新村，時稱河南宿舍。它在沿山河南沿，也有先生在自己著作的后記中寫為道古橋宿舍，這是因為它的西面百米處曾經(jīng)有一座橋，是南宋著名數(shù)學(xué)家秦九韶所建，因他字道古，元初另一位大數(shù)學(xué)家朱世杰倡議將它命名為“道古”，以紀念這位前輩。

西溪路是杭大新村的南部邊緣，杭大新村的門牌號即為西溪路56號。西溪路和沿山河像兩只彎彎長長的手臂，把杭州大學(xué)大師們居住的杭大新村緊緊地攬在自己的懷里。

浙江大學(xué)出版社新近推出的《西溪路56號》，講述的正是杭大新村的故事。

掩映在綠蔭中的教授樓，建于20世紀50年代。那時，新中國剛剛建立，百廢待興，國家財政十分困難，但黨和政府仍然撥款建了杭大新村，那10幢二三層建筑，青磚黛瓦，淡黃窗格，人字屋頂，樓內(nèi)配厚實的紅漆地板、寬闊的木制樓梯、落地雙開陽臺門，面積達80平方米，三室一廳一廚一衛(wèi)，抽水馬桶，屋前有一個數(shù)十平方米的庭院，種有各色花草，戶戶之間沒有隔離墻，僅用低矮的綠籬作為間隔，教授們茶余飯后即可交談，或探討學(xué)術(shù)問題，或交流治學(xué)心得，許多學(xué)術(shù)成果就是在這樣的環(huán)境中誕生的。杭大新村可以說是當(dāng)時最高等級的宿舍住宅，彰顯了黨和政府對教育的重視、對知識分子的關(guān)愛。

西溪路曾經(jīng)是南宋時期的一條輦道。它是一條文化遺產(chǎn)的長廊。西溪路一帶，名人史跡、風(fēng)俗掌故、古橋、古剎，構(gòu)成了一個龐大的西溪歷史文化群落，竺西草堂、九間樓、慕禪精舍、風(fēng)木庵等都在其中。據(jù)傳，南宋高宗曾在九間樓飲梅花泉酒，大為贊嘆，“八千卷樓主”丁申、丁丙兄弟（清代四大藏書家之一，曾在太平天國戰(zhàn)亂中冒死搶救了《四庫全書》），宋代大詩人林逋、秦觀，元、明的書法家鮮于樞、董其昌等眾多文人墨客都在此賦詩著文，忠義橋更是全國文保建筑。杭大新村作為這條歷史文化長廊中新的成員，無疑給這條歷史文化長廊增添熠熠生輝的新內(nèi)涵。

西溪濕地是杭州的肺，它是全國城市區(qū)域內(nèi)屈指可數(shù)的大面積濕地，現(xiàn)已成為杭州新的旅游勝地，距杭大新村僅十?dāng)?shù)里。其實，杭大新村初建時，這里屬于西溪濕地。據(jù)《夢粱錄》等記載，這里曾是西溪東入口，游人從這里上船，經(jīng)沿山河從水路直達西溪。當(dāng)時這里水網(wǎng)交錯、農(nóng)田連片，遠遠的可見農(nóng)家炊煙裊裊升起，偶爾傳來幾聲狗吠牛哞，金秋蘆花紛飛、寒冬蠟梅盛開，在那皚皚的白雪之中，點綴著處處紅梅，紅白相映分外妖嬈，更送來陣陣暗香。住在杭大新村的著名詞學(xué)宗師夏承燾掩飾不住心中的喜悅，寫詩贊曰：

八月蘆花作飛雪，三春柳陌有鶯啼。儂家門口是西溪。

無夢攀天斟北斗，笑人結(jié)網(wǎng)罥西施。歸途襟袖任風(fēng)吹。

人是一個小區(qū)的活力，是一個小區(qū)的靈魂。

杭大新村留給大家更具念想的是居住于此、生活于此、工作于此的一大批在國內(nèi)外享有盛譽的著名教授、學(xué)者、專家。他們在眾多領(lǐng)域為國家作出了巨大貢獻，創(chuàng)造了足可彪炳史冊的成果，為中國優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化的傳承作出了新貢獻。一代詞宗夏承燾、國學(xué)大師姜亮夫、今世治禮經(jīng)者第一人沈文倬、我國首位法國史研究家沈煉之、易學(xué)家黎子耀、古希臘哲學(xué)研究先驅(qū)嚴群、中國最早的科學(xué)院院士著名化學(xué)家王琎、我國甲殼動物學(xué)家董聿茂、著名射影幾何學(xué)家白正國、著名歷史地理學(xué)家陳橋驛、邊疆地理學(xué)家嚴徳一、書法教育創(chuàng)始人陸維釗、工業(yè)心理學(xué)家陳立……一個個響亮的名字，在人們的心中留下了永久的回響。他們是杭大新村的文化符號。

對居住于杭大新村的先生們的回憶，已經(jīng)成為杭大學(xué)子們最津津樂道的往事。因為在這些往事中，體現(xiàn)著先生們的學(xué)識、人品和內(nèi)涵，也體現(xiàn)了中國優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化精神。被魯迅稱為“詩孩”的孫席珍教授，在杭州大學(xué)教的是外國文學(xué)。學(xué)生們戲稱他為“愛情教授”，因為他講授的外國文學(xué)作品中，《奧賽羅》里有愛情，《德伯家的苔絲》里有愛情、《紅與黑》里有愛情、就連荷馬史詩里都有愛情，講外國文學(xué)，離不開對愛情的介紹。那時，文藝界有一句名言：愛情是永恒的主題。通過愛情的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)局，可以折射出那個時代、那個社會的方方面面。孫先生講得投入時，還會做出擁抱的姿勢，嘴里說著“kiss”，引得滿堂學(xué)生大笑。學(xué)生對孫先生是很欽佩的，先生上課，從不帶講義和備課筆記，到了課堂上，隨身拿出一張寫了字的香煙紙，竟然憑著紙上的幾句提示，就能生動地講上兩節(jié)課，那種學(xué)養(yǎng)、那種記憶力、那種發(fā)揮、那種口才，都成了后輩學(xué)子回憶往事時的美談。

《西溪路五十六號》勾勒了一個極其生動且多彩的舞臺，展示了這個舞臺上的數(shù)十位大師，他們像一座座雕塑般屹立在舞臺中央，每個形象都既豐滿又生動?！段飨肺迨枴烦錆M真實性。這本書中，無論對文化意義的剖析還是作為這種剖析出發(fā)點的人物、事件乃至細節(jié)，都有據(jù)可查?！段飨肺迨枴烦錆M可讀性。仿佛走進一幅畫、靠近一個人，看到他的一舉一動、一顰一笑。

曾獲聯(lián)合國教科文組織“和平藝術(shù)家”稱號的當(dāng)代中國著名美術(shù)家韓美林特為《西溪路五十六號》題寫了書名，原杭州大學(xué)校長薛艷莊為此書寫了序言，原外交部副部長何亞非校友、國務(wù)院國資委研究中心原主任王忠明校友、杭州靈隱寺住持光泉大法師校友、北京大學(xué)軟件與微電子學(xué)院教授范一民校友、北京大學(xué)中文系學(xué)術(shù)委員會主任廖可斌校友、浙江恒勵控股集團董事長張克夫校友，以及原杭州大學(xué)歷史系主任楊樹標教授、原杭州大學(xué)教務(wù)處長陸堅教授為此書撰寫了薦文。

著名先鋒詩人余剛校友，以“西溪路56號”為題作詩一首，熱情謳歌了老師，謳歌了杭大新村這一方滲透著深厚歷史文化底蘊的勝地，謳歌了“求是育英”的校訓(xùn)激勵一代代學(xué)子發(fā)奮勵志。

我想象：這些房屋，是圖書館的一部分

甚至是更精彩的部分，就像初生的朝陽

而今物換星移，有點荒蕪將至

但依然掩映不了曾經(jīng)的才華和思想

每當(dāng)走過這條寂寞的西溪路

每當(dāng)在空曠的校園流連忘返

哪怕是在平常日孑

腦海里總是閃過許多身影

他們的諄諄教誨，他們所達到的高度

就像現(xiàn)在有一條林中小道

也許我們不知它通向何方

但分明立著些塑像

分明有一些大師走過

就像是唐詩最為迷人的部分

可時時吟誦，時時回想

這首詩把大家?guī)нM了杭大新村——只要找到了西溪路56號這塊門牌，我們就找到了回家的路。

No. 56， Xixi Road

By Tang Xun?? Wei Min

Located in the western part of Hangzhou is a famous institution of higher learning — Hangzhou University， which is now known as the Xixi campus of Zhejiang University. Before merging with Zhejiang University， Hangzhou University was a comprehensive university with a wide range of disciplines， including humanities， history， philosophy， mathematics， science and chemistry. Although a local university， it ranked among the top universities in China.

To the south of the campus， right across the Yanshan River （called “Xixi” or the West Brook in the olden days， hence the “Xixi Road”）， lies a neighborhood amid lush green trees， where a few two-story and three-story buildings appear and disappear into the shades. This is the Hangda （as Hangzhou University is colloquially referred to） New Village， which served as dormitories for the universitys professors. The neighborhood was alternatively known as the Henan Dormitories， as it situates to the south of the Yanshan River， or Daogu Bridge Dormitories， as there used to be a bridge nearby by the name of Daogu.? Daogu， as it turns out， was the courtesy name or style name of Qin Jiushao （1208-1268）， a famous Southern Song （1127-1279） mathematician， and the bridge was built in his honor at the suggestion of Zhu Shijie （1249-1314）， also a well-known mathematician who was from the Yuan dynasty （1206-1368）.

Indeed， it has long been a Chinese tradition to show respect to teachers and intellectuals， as attested the stories vividly told in No. 56， Xixi Road， a book published recently by Zhejiang University Press.

Hangda New Village， which covered roughly 10 blocks of two-story and three-story buildings， was built in the 1950s， when the Peoples Republic of China was newly established. Despite many difficulties， in particular a tight fiscal budget， funding was still allocated for the construction of the dormitories. Equipped with plumbing， each apartment had three bedrooms and was as big as 80 square meters — quite spacious at that time. A small courtyard was set aside in front of each building， planted with all kinds of flowers. There were no walls between each building， only low hedges acting as dividers， over which academics discussed and talked about their latest research. Many a brilliant idea were born， academic results achieved， in this way.

Back in Southern Song， Xixi Road was an imperial passageway， which has witnessed a cluster of personalities， sites and spots of cultural significance throughout history. Poets like Lin Bu （967-1028） and Qin Guan （1049-1100）， calligraphers such as Xian Yushu （1246-1302） and Dong Qichang （1555-1636） all wrote poems， essays or calligraphies about it. Zhongyi （literally “l(fā)oyal and righteous”） Bridge， built in the Southern Song and the oldest extant stone arch bridge in Hangzhou， is now a Major Historical and Cultural Site Protected at the National Level. The first emperor of Southern Song was also said to have once traveled along the passageway and enjoyed a local wine made from the water of a spring called the Plum Blossom Spring. Hangda New Village is just one of the more recent additions to this long historical and cultural corridor.

In fact， the Village was once a part of the Xixi wetland， before some of it was later turned into the Xixi National Wetland Park and became a tourist attraction. According to Menglianglu， or A Dream of Sorghum， a book written during the Southern Song about the life of Hangzhou， visitors could board a ship at the place where the Village was built， and traveled directly upstream to the heart of the Xixi wetland. At the time， the Village lay among a large swathe of farmland， crisscrossed with rivers and waterways. In the distance， smoke from cottages curled up， accompanied with occasional barking and mooing.? Then reed flowers in summer and plum blossoms in winter would bring color and fragrance. People would not be much mistaken if they thought they were living in Xanadu.

Ultimately， it is people that make the place. In Hangda New Village， it is the world-renowned professors， scholars and experts that have made it a memorable place.? Xia Chengtao （1900-1986）， a foremost authority on Ci poetry studies， Jiang Liangfu （1902-1995）， a master of traditional Chinese culture， Shen Wenzhuo （1917-2009）， a top intellectual on ritual studies， Shen Lianzhi （1904-1992）， Chinas first researcher on French history… to name but only a few. These great minds have left indelible marks and anecdotes and reminiscences about them are the most talked about among the graduates of Hangzhou University.

One of them is Sun Xizhen （1906-1984）， who taught foreign literature at the university. Sun was known lovingly and jokingly as the “Professor of Love”. Professor Sun “earned” this epithet because of his teachings： there is love in Othello， there is love in Tess of the dUrbervilles， there is love in The Red and the Black， and there is even love in Homers histories. “Love is the eternal theme，” as a popular saying went. But it is more than his teachings： Suns ways of teaching were even more lovable. Sometimes， so lost in telling the love stories， Sun would make a hugging gesture and utter “kiss”， making all the students laugh. Suns students admired him for his devotion， eloquence and knowledge on foreign literature： he never took any notes with him， but with only a few prompts written on a piece of scrap paper， Professor Sun would talk about his subject for a couple of hours in as vivid and interesting a manner as one could imagine.

The story of “Professor of Love” is just one of many in the book No. 56， Xixi Road， in which the images of a few dozen masters have been portrayed in the fullest details. As the place where these masters once lived， Hangda New Village will be remembered as a “sacred land”; for those who wish to follow the masters footsteps， No. 56， Xixi Road will always be their spiritual home.