李梅

狀語從句是英語五大名詞性從句中的一種。狀語從句類型多、意義覆蓋范圍廣、掌握難度大，所以，同學們學習狀語從句要做到條理清晰、會抓重點、勤于練習、善于歸納，絕對不能急于求成。本文著重學習以下幾種狀語從句。

一、條件狀語從句

引導條件狀語從句的連詞有if， unless， so （as） long as， so （as） far as等。

If it is fine tomorrow， well go to the park. 如果明天天氣好，我們就去公園。

Well be late unless we hurry up. 除非快點兒，否則我們會遲到的。

unless引導條件狀語從句時，意為“如果不;除非”，相當于if... not，在許多情況下二者可以互換。

Well go to the town unless it rains tomorrow. 假如明天不下雨，我們就去城里。

=Well go to the town if it doesnt rain tomorrow.

注意：unless和if引導條件狀語從句時，從句用一般現在時表示將來，而主句則用一般將來時，即遵循“主將從現”原則。

Unless we talk to someone， we will certainly feel worse. 除非我們找人談談，不然我們肯定會感覺更糟。

二、時間狀語從句

引導時間狀語從句的連詞有when， while， before， after， until， as soon as， since等。

I was doing my homework when the telephone rang. 電話鈴響的時候，我正在寫作業(yè)。

as soon as引導時間狀語從句時，意為“一……就……”，表示主從句的謂語動作同時發(fā)生或幾乎同時發(fā)生。

The students became quiet as soon as the teacher came in. 老師一進來，學生們就安靜下來了。

注意：在條件狀語從句和時間狀語從句中，都可遵循“主將從現”原則。

Ill call you as soon as I get there. 我一到那里就給你打電話。

Ill tell you the story when you come here tomorrow. 明天你來這兒時，我會告訴你這個故事。

三、結果狀語從句

引導結果狀語從句的連詞有so... that...， such... that...等。so... that...和 such... that...的意思均為“如此……以至于……”。so后接形容詞或副詞，such后接名詞或名詞性短語，that后接從句。

I was so tired that I couldnt go any further. 我累得走不動了。

Tom is such a clever boy that everyone likes him. 湯姆如此聰明，大家都喜歡他。

so... that...引導結果狀語從句時，意為“如此……以至于……”，其中so后接形容詞或副詞，也可用few， little， many， much等來修飾名詞表示程度，that后的從句表示結果。

He was so happy that he forgot the time. 他太高興了，以至于忘了時間。

四、原因狀語從句

原因狀語從句是表示原因或理由的，引導這類從句的最常用的連詞有because， since， as， now that（既然）等。for 表示因果關系時（它引導的不是從句）為并列連詞，語氣不如because強。

I didnt go to school yesterday because I was ill. 我昨天沒去上學，因為我生病了。

Since everybody is here， lets begin our meeting. 既然大家都來了，讓我們開始開會吧。

As you are in poor health， you should not stay up late. 既然你身體不好，你就不該熬夜。

I asked her to stay for tea， for I had something to tell her. 我請她留下來喝茶，因為我有事要告訴她。

五、比較狀語從句

比較狀語從句主要運用于形容詞和副詞的原級、比較級及最高級的句子之中。

She is not so / as outgoing as her sister. 她不如她姐姐外向。

This book is more instructive than that one. 這本書比那本書有教育意義。

This book is the most interesting of the three. 這本書是三本中最有趣的。

六、方式狀語從句

方式狀語從句常由as， as if / though， the way， rather than等引導。

You must do the exercise as I show you. 你必須按我教你的那樣做練習。

He acted as if nothing had happened. 他裝作什么也沒發(fā)生過似的。

【隨堂演練】

一、單項選擇。

1. She stopped talking ____ her mother came into the room.

A. as soon as? ? ? B. unless? ? ? C. though D. for

2. —Excuse me， can you tell me the way to the nearest underground station？

—Walk straight on ____ you see a white building. Its right there.

A. though? ? ? B. since? ? ? C. until? ? ? D. if

3. —Thank you for telling me so much knowledge about nature.

—Dont mention it. ____ you have more questions， come to me any time.

A. If? ? ? B. Because? ? C. Though? ? D. And

4. Tony was drawing a picture ____ I was doing my homework.

A. if? ? ? B. because? ? ? C. while? ? D. until

5. The manager of the hotel was waiting at the gate ____ the guests arrived.

A. while? ? ? ? B. when? C. unless? ? ? ? D. after

二、用適當的連詞完成狀語從句。

1. The tea is ____ hot ____ I cant drink it now.

2. The baby girl stopped crying ____ she saw her mother.

3. My teacher goes to work on time ____ he is ill.

4. Sam did ____ go back home ____ it was ten oclock last night.

5. We had to stay at home ____ it rained hard outside.