Juno

詩譯英法唯一人：許淵沖

從事文學(xué)翻譯長達七十余年，出版中英法翻譯著作百余本，被譽為“詩譯英法唯一人”，他就是翻譯界泰斗許淵沖先生?！爸挥袌猿种袊幕拿栏?，才能讓中國文化走向世界?！痹S淵沖先生這樣說，他也這樣做了。

Xu Yuanchong， China's most 1）renowned master translator， died in Beijing at the age of 100 on June 17th.

A winner of the highest honor in the field of translation， Xu was best known for his translations of ancient Chinese poems into English and French that have gained worldwide 2）recognition.

Xu Yuanchong was born in Nanchang， Jiangxi Province， in 1921. In 1938， hewas admitted to the Department of Foreign Languages in The National SouthWestAssociated University. His academic career began during his college years. In 1939， as a 3）freshman， he published an English translation of a poem written by Chinese female poet and architect Lin Huiyin titled Don't Cast Away in the Literary Translation News， which is now known as his earliest work.

In his view， a translation should be as beautiful as or even more so than the original. Xu started to practice a new approach to translation in the early 1940s when he worked as an interpreter with a U.S. air force based in China during World War IL At a reception for U.S. pilots， he translated Dr. Sun Yat-sen's Three Principles of the People， the party's guiding 4）ideology for which an English equivalent is ^notoriously difficult to find， into “of the people， by the people， for the people”，a ^reference to U.S. President Abraham Lincoln's famous statement in the Gettysburg Address.

In 1944， he entered the Institute of Foreign Literature Studies at Tsinghua University. From 1948 to 1950， he spent a few years in France studying French literature in the late 1940s. He then returned to China after graduation and was dedicated to translation ever since. Xu was the first Chinese to translate Chinese poetry into English and French inrhyme.

Xu put forward the “Three Beauties Theory” in terms of translation， stressing the importance of beauty that is ^conveyed semantically， phonologically and logically.

"They like uniforms， not the gay dresses，" according to a well-known poem from late Chinese leader Mao Zedong，which 8）depicted a military training picture of female soldiers at the time. However， Xu introduced his unique way of translating the sentence， which goes as “Most Chinese daughters have a desire strong， they like to face the power， not to powder the face.” It has become one of the most quoted translations.

He taught at Peking University from 1983 and was awarded the “Lifetime achievements in translation" award from the Translators Association of China（TAC） in 2010. On August 2， 2014， at the 20th International Federation of Translators（FIT）， FIT ^conferred The “Aurora Borealis” Prize for outstanding Translation of Literature on Xu Yuanchong， who is the first Chinese winner of the award.

Xu devoted himself to translation for more than 70 years. For him， translated literature is a beautiful art for the whole world.

Throughout his ?lengthy and ^prolific academic career， Xu pursued the beauty of language and was dedicated to creating literary ties between Chinese， English and French speakers. His works have served as a cultural bridge linking the East to the West. English and French-speaking readers are able to better understand Chinese literature through Xu's translations. Meanwhile， Chinese readers can appreciate foreign works in the same way they would read novels and poems written in their mother tongue.

參考譯文：

中國最著名的翻譯大師許淵沖先生于6月17日在北京逝世，享年100歲。

作為翻譯領(lǐng)域最高榮譽的獲得者，許淵沖最出名的是將中國古代詩歌翻譯成英文和法文，贏得了全世界的認可。

1921年，許淵沖出生于江西省南昌市。1938年，他被國立西南聯(lián)合大學(xué)外語系錄取。他的學(xué)術(shù)生涯開始于大學(xué)時代。1939年大一時，他在《文學(xué)翻譯報》上發(fā)表了由中國女詩人、建筑師林徽因創(chuàng)作的詩作《別丟掉》的英文譯本，這是他最早的作品。

在許淵沖看來，譯作應(yīng)該和原作一樣美，甚至更美。許淵沖從20世紀(jì)40年代初開始練習(xí)一種新的翻譯方法，當(dāng)時他為在二戰(zhàn)期間駐扎在中國的美國空軍擔(dān)任翻譯。在一次美國飛行員招待會上，他把孫中山先生的“三民主義”翻譯成“民有、民治、民享"，這是美國總統(tǒng)亞伯拉罕·林肯在葛底斯堡講話中的著名言論。

1944年，他考入清華大學(xué)研究院外國文學(xué)研究所。從1948年至1950年，他在法國學(xué)習(xí)了幾年法國文學(xué)。他畢業(yè)后回到中國，并致力于翻譯。許淵沖是第一個將中國詩歌翻譯成英文和法文的中國人。

許淵沖在翻譯方面提出了“三美論”，強調(diào)美在語念上、音體上和邏輯上傳達的重要性。

“不愛紅裝愛武裝"出自毛澤東一首著名的詩，該詩描繪了當(dāng)時女兵的訓(xùn)練畫面。然而，許淵沖用他獨特的方式翻譯了這句話，即“Most Chinese daughters have a desire strong， they like to face the power， not to powder the face."（中華兒女多奇志，不愛紅裝愛武裝）。它已成為引用最多的翻譯之一。

1983年許淵沖在北京大學(xué)任教，2010年獲中國翻譯協(xié)會頒發(fā)的“翻譯文化終身成就獎”。2014年8月2日，第20屆國際翻譯家聯(lián)盟大會上，國際譯聯(lián)授予許淵沖“北極光”杰出文學(xué)翻譯獎，系首位獲此殊榮的亞洲翻譯家。

許淵沖致力于翻譯工作70多年。對他來說，文學(xué)翻譯是為全世界創(chuàng)造美。

在其漫長而多產(chǎn)的學(xué)術(shù)生涯中，許淵沖追求語言之美，致力于在講漢語、英語和法語的人之間建立文學(xué)聯(lián)系。他的作品是連接?xùn)|方和西方的文化橋梁。英語和法語的讀者可以通過他的翻譯更好地了解中國文學(xué)。同時，中國讀者可以像閱讀用母語寫的小說和詩歌那樣欣賞外國作品。