楊艷

冬季，山城暖冬之旅很具有吸引力。近年來，重慶大力打造“世界一流溫泉旅游城市和溫泉療養(yǎng)勝地”，頗具成效。泡溫泉不僅可以緩解壓力，還有益于身心健康，是很多游客的首選。泡溫泉、賞雪景、吃烤全羊，就這樣擁有一份冬季的溫暖。

白居易在《長恨歌》里寫到：溫泉水滑洗凝脂。依山傍水而興的重慶，已探明溫泉分布的區(qū)域達1萬平方公里，溫泉礦點146處，地?zé)峥刹伤繛槊磕?.6億立方米，每天的科學(xué)開采量約40萬立方米，且富含以硫酸鈣鎂、重碳酸鹽、氯化物為主的30余種礦物質(zhì)和微量元素。

重慶溫泉文化底蘊豐厚，擁有1600多年歷史，最早有文字可考的是北碚北溫泉寺，始建于南朝劉宋景平元年（公元423年），比日本最古老的有馬溫泉早200年。北溫泉作為中國乃至世界上開發(fā)利用最早的溫泉之一，還曾留下過馮玉祥、陶行知、黃炎培、郭沫若等名人的足跡。

打好“溫泉牌”，把重慶打造成為世界一流的溫泉旅游城市和溫泉療養(yǎng)勝地，已成為近年來重慶文旅重點打造的一張名片。

在世界三大溫泉文化體系中，歐美溫泉水療SPA文化、日本溫泉湯治文化早已聲名遠揚，傳承千年的以中醫(yī)養(yǎng)生為特色中國溫泉文化也逐漸走向世界。“世界溫泉之都”的創(chuàng)建成功，吹響了“世界溫泉之都”品牌全面提升的集結(jié)號。重慶溫泉開始加大力度探索溫泉產(chǎn)業(yè)及品牌的提升之路，傳統(tǒng)溫泉產(chǎn)品向康養(yǎng)療程式產(chǎn)品轉(zhuǎn)化。

氣候與山地豐富的礦物質(zhì)，是重慶溫泉的特色和優(yōu)勢。據(jù)介紹，重慶的溫泉水質(zhì)類型主要有硫酸鹽型、氯化物型、重碳酸鹽型等。其中，中心城區(qū)以硫酸鹽型為主;萬盛、南川以重碳酸、氯化物型為主;渝東北地區(qū)以硫酸鹽、氯化物型為主;渝東南地區(qū)皆有硫酸鹽、重碳酸、氯化物型。重慶已探明的地?zé)崴蟹㈡J、偏硅酸、偏硼酸大都能達到醫(yī)療熱礦水濃度，具有較高的醫(yī)療價值。

目前，重慶已與匈牙利進行深度合作，聘請匈牙利知名的溫泉康養(yǎng)專家來重慶因地制宜進行指導(dǎo)。重慶地?zé)崴Y源分布廣泛，38個區(qū)縣除潼南外均分布有溫泉。重慶的溫泉均位于環(huán)境優(yōu)美之地，或隱藏在山中，成為森林溫泉，像沙坪壩融匯溫泉;或位于江河之畔，形成了北碚北溫泉、巴南南溫泉、渝北統(tǒng)景溫泉等溫泉風(fēng)景旅游區(qū)、璧山天賜華湯等溫泉酒店及度假區(qū)。

美景招來云外客，溫泉引出月中仙。背靠青山，農(nóng)田環(huán)繞的南川金佛山天星溫泉，讓游客在落雪時分與自然為伴，既溫暖又令人放松。48℃的出水溫泉，富含鍶、偏硅酸等對人體有益的物質(zhì)及微量元素。不同類型的泡池，以溫泉為媒介，再佐以金佛山豐富的中草藥物資源，讓白天登頂金佛山，賞南國雪原的游客，晚上還能體驗溫泉健康養(yǎng)生，感受悠閑慢生活。

在重慶這座“溫泉之都”里， 還有悠久歷史的南溫泉，日出水量達1.3萬立方米，出水溫度39℃～42℃。這里擁有喀斯特溶洞，周圍綿延山色加之騰起的薄霧，很有仙境之感。

山山有溫泉，峽峽有熱水。冬日來到重慶，請您趕緊把溫泉康養(yǎng)納入行程，泡著溫泉，賞著山水風(fēng)光，豈不美哉。

圖片/相關(guān)區(qū)縣文化和旅游委提供

Nothing is more attractive than a warm winter tour in the mountainous city of Chongqing. In recent years， Chongqing has ramped up efforts to build a "world-class hot spring tourism city and hot spring recuperation resort" with great results. Not only a nice way to relieve pressure， a hot spring bath also benefits physical and mental health as the first choice for many tourists. Perhaps a warm winter day can be spent by having a dip in hot springs， gazing at snow views and eating BBQ mutton.

The poet Bai Juyi wrote in the Song of Everlasting Sorrow， “Her skin feels fine and smooth after a shower in the hot spring." Chongqing， a city built along mountains and rivers， has proven hot spring distribution areas of 10，000 square kilometers and 146 hot spring mineral spots. Rich in over 30 kinds of minerals and trace elements mainly including calcium magnesium sulfate， bicarbonate and chloride， its annual exploitable geothermal water amounts to 560 million cubic meters， and scientific exploitable amount per day totals about 400，000 cubic meters.

Boasting a rich cultural deposit of hot springs in 1600 years， Chongqing's earliest textual record of hot spring is traced back to North Hot Spring Temple in Beibei， which was built in the first year of Jingping Emperor of Liu Song in the Southern Dynasty （423 AD）， 200 years earlier than the oldest Arima Onsen in Japan. As one of the earliest exploited and utilized hot springs in China and even in the world， North Spring has been visited by celebrities such as Feng Yuxiang， Tao Xingzhi， Huang Yanpei， Guo Moruo， etc.

Reinforcing the "hot spring brand" and building Chongqing into a world-class hot spring tourism city and hot spring recuperation resort has become a business card of Chongqing culture and tourism in recent years.

Among the three major hot spring cultural systems in the world， the Western spa culture and the hot spring treatment culture of Japan have long been known to all， while the thousand-year-old Chinese hot spring culture featured by TCM wellness is gradually being accepted by the world. The success of the establishment of "Global Capital of Hot Springs" has sounded the assembly for the comprehensive promotion of the "Global Capital of Hot Springs" brand. Beefing up efforts to explore the way to improve the hot spring industry and brands， Chongqing strives to transform its traditional hot spring products into wellness and regimen-program products.

The combination of its unique climate， mountainous features and rich minerals are the characteristics and advantages of Chongqing hot spring. It is reported that the main types of hot spring water compositions include sulfate type， chloride type， bicarbonate type， etc. Among them， sulfate type is the predominate type in the central urban district; bicarbonate and chloride type are prevalent in Wansheng and Nanchuan; sulfate and chloride type are the mainstream in Northeast Chongqing; sulfate， bicarbonate and chloride type are found in Southeast Chongqing. The fluorine， strontium， metasilicic acid and metaboric acid in geothermal water of Chongqing can reach the concentration of therapeutic hot mineral water with high medical value.

At present， Chongqing has carried out in-depth cooperation with Hungary， and invited well-known Hungarian hot spring health experts to the city for localized guidance. Geothermal water resources are widely distributed in Chongqing， and hot springs are distributed in 38 districts and counties except Tongnan. The hot springs in the city are either located in picturesque sites， or tucked away in the mountains as jungle hot springs， such as Shapingba Ronghui Spring; or situated on the banks of rivers， forming hot spring scenic spots such as Beibei North Hot Spring， Banan South Hot Spring and Yubei Tongjing Hot Spring and hot spring hotels and resorts such as Bishan Tianci Huatang Hot Spring Resort.

Beautiful scenery attracts visitors from outside of Chongqing and hot springs creates an ethereal atmosphere. Embraced by luxuriant mountains and farmland， Tianxing Hot Spring in Jinfo Mountain， Nanchuan， renders a warm and relaxing experience to visitors when it snows. The 48℃-spring water is rich in strontium， metasilicic acid and other beneficial substances and trace elements. A great variety of pools， with hot springs as the media， plus the abundant medicinal herb resources of Jinfo Mountain， give tourists a leisurely and healthy travel experience so they can climb to the top of Jinfo Mountain in the daytime to enjoy the Southern snowfields and be indulged in hot springs during the evening time， to enjoy a leisurely and slow life.

In Chongqing， the “Global Capital of Hot Springs”， the South Hot Spring， ?prestigious with a profound history， has a daily water yield of 13，000 cubic meters and a water output temperature of 39～42℃. Surrounded by massive karst caves， amid undulating mountains， the rising mist creates a decent ambience of the fairyland.

Hot springs and hot water can be found every where in the mountains and gorges. When visiting Chongqing in winter， ?hurry up to include hot spring destinations into your itinerary. Isn't it a wonderful experience to dip in the hot spring and enjoy the great scenery here？

Photos / Relevant Development Committee of Culture and Tourism of districts and counties