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        CXCL-13通過(guò)激活PI3K-Akt信號(hào)通路對(duì)人骨髓間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞遷移的影響

        2020-11-18 08:51:52沈雷李永濤孫石柱姚立杰王璐璐劉丹陽(yáng)金海峰張善強(qiáng)

        沈雷 李永濤 孫石柱 姚立杰 王璐璐 劉丹陽(yáng) 金海峰 張善強(qiáng)

        [摘要] 目的 驗(yàn)證趨化因子-13(CXCL-13)通過(guò)激活PI3K-Akt信號(hào)通路對(duì)人骨髓間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞(hBMSC)遷移的影響。 方法 無(wú)任何刺激的hBMSCs為對(duì)照組;80 μmol/L CXCL-13刺激hBMSCs為CXCL-13組;hBMSCs先用25 nmol/L LY294002培養(yǎng)40 min,再添加80 μmol/L CXCL-13為PI3K抑制劑組;hBMSCs先用50 nmol/L Triciribine培養(yǎng)30 min,再添加80 μmol/L CXCL-13為Akt抑制劑組。細(xì)胞劃痕實(shí)驗(yàn)和Transwell細(xì)胞遷移實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測(cè)四組hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率和細(xì)胞遷移率;酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)檢測(cè)四組人PI3K、Akt、P-Akt蛋白的表達(dá)。結(jié)果 CXCL-13組hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率和遷移率均高于對(duì)照組,PI3K抑制劑組和Akt抑制劑組hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率和遷移率均低于CXCL-13組(P < 0.05或P < 0.01);CXCL-13組人PI3K、Akt、P-Akt蛋白含量均高于對(duì)照組,PI3K抑制劑組和Akt抑制劑組人PI3K、Akt、P-Akt蛋白含量低于CXCL-13組(均P < 0.01)。 結(jié)論 CXCL-13激活PI3K-Akt信號(hào)通路促進(jìn)hBMSCs遷移。

        [關(guān)鍵詞] 趨化因子-13;人骨髓間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞;Akt信號(hào)通路;細(xì)胞遷移;歸巢

        [中圖分類號(hào)] R318.06? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1673-7210(2020)09(c)-0004-04

        Effect of CXCL-13 on human bone marrow mesenchymal mtem cell migration by activating PI3K-Akt signaling pathway

        SHEN Lei? ?LI Yongtao? ?SUN Shizhu? ?YAO Lijie? ?WANG Lulu? ?LIU Danyang? ?JIN Haifeng? ?ZHANG Shanqiang

        Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, Heilongjiang Province, Qiqihaer? ?161006, China

        [Abstract] Objective To verify C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-13 (CXCL-13) effect on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSC) migration by activating PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Methods hBMSC without stimulation was control group. hBMSCs were stimulated with 80 μmol/L CXCL-13 as CXCL-13 group. hBMSCs were first cultured with 25 nmol/L LY294002 for 40 min, and then 80 μmol/L CXCL-13 were added as PI3K inhibitor group. hBMSCs were cultured with 50 μmol/L Triciribine for 30 min in advance and then 80 μmol/L CXCL-13 were added as Akt inhibitor group. Cell wound scratch assay and Transwell cell migration assay were used to detect the scratch area closure rate and cell migration rate of hBMSCs in four groups. The expression of human PI3K, Akt and P-Akt proteins in hBMSCs of four groups were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results The hBMSCs scratch area closure rate and cell migration rate in CXCL-13 group were higher than those in control group, the hBMSCs scratch area closure rate and cell migration rate in PI3K inhibitor group and Akt inhibitor group were lower than those in CXCL-13 group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The protein contents of human PI3K, Akt and P-Akt in CXCL-13 group were higher than those in control group, the protein contents of human PI3K, Akt and P-Akt in PI3K inhibitor group and Akt inhibitor group were lower than those in CXCL-13 group(all P < 0.01). Conclusion CXCL-13 activates the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to promote the migration of hBMSCs.

        [Key words] C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-13; Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell; Akt signaling pathway; Cell migration; Homing

        慢性疾病會(huì)引起人體多種器官出現(xiàn)慢性組織損傷[1]。人骨髓間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞(hBMSCs)是再生修復(fù)作用理想的細(xì)胞[2-3]。趨化因子-13(CXCL-13)對(duì)乳腺癌等腫瘤細(xì)胞具有很好的逃避免疫效果[4]。MSCs具有逃避宿主免疫系統(tǒng)監(jiān)視的能力[5],MSCs可表達(dá)CXCL-13等多種趨化因子[6],CXCL-13可促進(jìn)MSCs分化為成骨細(xì)胞[7],MSCs遷移到損傷組織能力與腫瘤細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)移過(guò)程相類似[8-9],但CXCL-13是否促進(jìn)hBMSCs運(yùn)動(dòng)還需驗(yàn)證。

        1 材料與方法

        1.1 細(xì)胞

        hBMSCs(No.CP-H166)購(gòu)于武漢普諾賽科技有限公司。

        1.2 主要儀器與試劑

        人CXCL-13重組蛋白(No.801-CX-025)購(gòu)于美國(guó)R&D公司;人磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K,No.ab207 484)、Akt(No.ab126433)、P-Akt(No.ab207452)酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)(ELISA)試劑盒均購(gòu)于Abcam公司;LY294002(No.S1105)、Triciribine(No.S1117)購(gòu)于Selleck公司;550型酶標(biāo)儀購(gòu)于Bio-Rad公司。

        1.3 實(shí)驗(yàn)分組與方法

        1.3.1 細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)? hBMSCs用含10% FBS的α-MEM培養(yǎng)基培養(yǎng)。

        1.3.2 實(shí)驗(yàn)分組? 無(wú)任何刺激的hBMSCs為對(duì)照組;80 μmol/L CXCL-13刺激為CXCL-13組;hBMSCs先用25 nmol/L LY294002培養(yǎng)40 min,再添加80 μmol/L CXCL-13為PI3K抑制劑組;hBMSCs先用50 nmol/L Triciribine培養(yǎng)30 min,再添加80 μmol/L CXCL-13為Akt抑制劑組。

        1.3.3 細(xì)胞劃痕實(shí)驗(yàn)? 6.5×105個(gè)/孔hBMSCs置于6孔板,1000 μL槍頭劃痕;按“1.3.2”添加不同試劑,培養(yǎng)12 h后,4%多聚甲醛溶液室溫固定60 min。Image-Pro Plus 6.0.1(IPP 6.0.1)軟件計(jì)算hBMSCs細(xì)胞數(shù)目,隨后計(jì)算hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率。

        1.3.4 Transwell細(xì)胞遷移實(shí)驗(yàn)? 1.2×104個(gè)hBMSCs置于Transwell細(xì)胞小室內(nèi),下層腔室加入無(wú)血清的α-MEM培養(yǎng)基或相關(guān)試劑。37℃,5%CO2培養(yǎng)10 h。收集下室液體,800 g離心5 min,收集細(xì)胞并計(jì)數(shù);擦除Transwell細(xì)胞小室內(nèi)hBMSCs,4%多聚甲醛溶液室溫固定60 min,0.5%結(jié)晶紫染色。IPP 6.0.1軟件計(jì)算hBMSCs細(xì)胞數(shù)目[10],隨后計(jì)算hBMSCs遷移率。

        1.3.5 蛋白含量檢測(cè)? RIPA細(xì)胞裂解液裂解各組hBMSCs,4℃,12 000 g離心5 min;BCA法測(cè)定蛋白濃度。人PI3K、Akt、P-Akt的ELISA試劑盒檢測(cè)蛋白含量。所有實(shí)驗(yàn)均重復(fù)3次。

        1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法

        采用SPSS 21.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析,計(jì)量資料用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(x±s)表示,多組比較采用方差分析,兩兩比較采用q檢驗(yàn);計(jì)數(shù)資料用百分率表示,組間比較采用χ2檢驗(yàn)。以P < 0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。

        2 結(jié)果

        2.1 四組hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率比較

        CXCL-13組hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率高于對(duì)照組,PI3K抑制劑組和Akt抑制劑組hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率低于CXCL-13組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)。見(jiàn)圖1。

        2.2 四組hBMSCs遷移率比較

        CXCL-13組hBMSCs遷移率高于對(duì)照組,PI3K抑制劑和Akt抑制劑組hBMSCs遷移率低于CXCL-13組,差異均有高度統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(均P < 0.01)。見(jiàn)圖2。

        2.3 四組人PI3K、Akt、P-Akt蛋白含量比較

        CXCL-13組人PI3K、Akt、P-Akt蛋白含量高于對(duì)照組,PI3K抑制劑組和Akt抑制劑組人PI3K、Akt、P-Akt蛋白含量低于CXCL-13組,差異均有高度統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(均P < 0.01)。見(jiàn)表1。

        3 討論

        BMSC具有較強(qiáng)遷移到損傷組織的能力[8]。MSCs分泌活性因子可幫助MSCs避免免疫排斥[6]。星形膠質(zhì)瘤細(xì)胞分泌CXCL-13在抗免疫中起重要作用[9]。CXCL-13具有召集細(xì)胞歸巢能力[10]。趨化因子是能促進(jìn)細(xì)胞歸巢能力的肽類家族[11]。CXCL-13屬于趨化因子家族中的CXC亞科[12],CXCL-13與MSCs表面CXCR5受體結(jié)合,促進(jìn)MSC成骨分化[13],還具有促進(jìn)MSCs等干細(xì)胞分泌血管內(nèi)皮生長(zhǎng)因子(VEGF)等功能[14]。

        本研究結(jié)果顯示,添加CXCL-13后,hBMSCs劃痕面積閉合率和細(xì)胞遷移率升高,提示CXCL-13能夠結(jié)合hBMSCs表面CXCR5受體,促進(jìn)細(xì)胞運(yùn)動(dòng),對(duì)招募MSCs等細(xì)胞定向趨化具有積極意義。CXCL-13在慢性關(guān)節(jié)炎的關(guān)節(jié)囊滑膜層結(jié)締組織中會(huì)明顯高表達(dá),同時(shí)在滑膜層結(jié)締組織中發(fā)現(xiàn)嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞等免疫細(xì)胞大量集中,說(shuō)明CXCL-13能夠招集淋巴細(xì)胞或白細(xì)胞等免疫性細(xì)胞歸巢[15]。乳腺癌等惡性腫瘤細(xì)胞分泌CXCL-13,可促進(jìn)腫瘤細(xì)胞遷移[16-17]。本研究結(jié)果顯示,與CXCL-13組比較,PI3K抑制劑組、Akt抑制劑組hBMSCs運(yùn)動(dòng)能力降低,提示PI3K-Akt信號(hào)通路與CXCL-13對(duì)hBMSCs的作用有關(guān)。抑制PI3K抑制蛋白后,PI3K下游Akt、p-Akt蛋白表達(dá)明顯降低,而Akt抑制劑組與PI3K抑制劑組hBMSCs的PI3K蛋白表達(dá)比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P > 0.05),提示PI3K是CXCL-13作用于MSCs過(guò)程中Akt蛋白上游信號(hào)蛋白。CXCL-13與hBMSCs表面CXCR5受體結(jié)合,激活了PI3K蛋白激酶,上調(diào)Akt激酶,再依次活化下游雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)等 [18],最后引起微絲、微管收縮,啟動(dòng)細(xì)胞運(yùn)動(dòng)[16,18]。CXCL-13能激活Erk通路,促進(jìn)小鼠MCF-7乳腺癌移植瘤增殖和血管新生,加速乳腺癌血管轉(zhuǎn)移[19]。因此,不排除CXCL-13還會(huì)激活核因子(NF)-κβ、Erk、NIK信號(hào)通路[20],CXCL-13的分子機(jī)制還需要進(jìn)行深入研究,關(guān)于CXCL-13能否對(duì)hBMSCs自噬發(fā)揮效應(yīng),還需要在細(xì)胞水平和分子水平進(jìn)行深入驗(yàn)證。

        [參考文獻(xiàn)]

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        [2]? Nagaishi K,Mizue Y,Chikenji T,et al. Umbilical cord extracts improve diabetic abnormalities in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and increase their therapeutic effects on diabetic nephropathy [J]. Sci Rep,2017, 7(1):8484.

        [3]? Debnath T,Chelluri LK. Standardization and quality assessment for clinical grade mesenchymal stem cells from human adipose tissue[J]. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther,2019,41(1):7-16.

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        [5]? Wang S,Zhu R,Li H,et al. Mesenchymal stem cells and immune disorders:from basic science to clinical transition [J]. Front Med,2019,13(2):138-151.

        [6]? Ahmadian Kia N,Bahrami AR,Ebrahimi M,et al. Comparative Analysis of Chemokine Receptor′s Expression in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Bone Marrow and Adipose Tissue [J]. J Mol Neurosci,2011,44(3):178-185.

        [7]? Tian F,Ji XL,Xiao WA,et al. CXCL13 Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Inhibiting miR-23a Expression [J]. Stem Cells Int,2015,2015:632305.

        [8]? 李培蕾,林明.骨髓間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞歸巢研究進(jìn)展[J].中國(guó)心血管病研究,2010,8(1):65-67.

        [9]? 卜慧蓮,郭海明,焦鵬飛,等.趨化因子CXCL13通過(guò)誘導(dǎo)星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞活化參與骨癌痛的發(fā)生[J].腫瘤基礎(chǔ)與臨床,2019,32(3):185-189.

        [10]? 李永濤,王璐璐,姚立杰,等.缺氧條件下CXCL13通過(guò)MAPK信號(hào)通路促進(jìn)人骨髓間充質(zhì)干細(xì)胞增殖和自噬[J].細(xì)胞與分子免疫學(xué)雜志,2019,35(3):23-28.

        [11]? Donà E,Barry JD,Valentin G,et al. Directional tissue migration through a self-generated chemokine gradient [J]. Nature,2013,503(7475):285-289.

        [12]? Ponte AL,Marais E,Gallay N,et al. The In Vitro Migration Capacity of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells:Comparison of Chemokine and Growth Factor Chemotactic Activities [J]. Stem Cell,2007,25(7):1737-1745.

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        (收稿日期:2020-02-26)

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