本模塊知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)

高考詞匯

lose? ?vt.? ?失去;丟失

tour? ?vt.? ?巡回演出

influence? ?vt.? ?影響

record? ?vt.? ?錄音

mix? ?vt.? ?使混合

audience? ?n.? ?聽眾

choir? ?n.? ?（教堂里的）唱詩班;合唱隊(duì)

conductor? ?n.? ?指揮

jazz? ?n.? ?爵士樂

musician? ?n.? ?音樂家

court? ?n.? ?宮廷

director? ?n.? ?指揮

symphony? ?n.? ?交響樂;交響曲;交響樂團(tuán)

talent? ?n.? ?天分;天賦;才華

album? ?n.? ?專輯

band? ?n.? ?樂隊(duì)

musical? ?adj.? ?音樂的

complex? ?adj.? ?復(fù)雜的

常用短語

be impressed with? ?留下深刻印象

split up? ?分開

make a note of? ? 記錄

change... into...? ?改變……為……

in history? ?在歷史上

no way? ?決不

from that time? ?從那時(shí)候起

過渡詞匯

attend? ?vt. & vi.? ?參加

harpsichord? ?n.? ?撥弦鍵琴

empress? ?n.? ?女皇;皇后

Vienna? ?n.? ?維也納（奧地利首都）

conservatory? ?n.? ?溫室;暖房;音樂學(xué)院

extract? ?n.? ?摘錄;濃縮物

tense? ?n.? ?時(shí)態(tài)

sequence? ?n.? ?順序;結(jié)果

aspect? ?n.? ?方面

discman? ?n.? ?隨身聽CD機(jī)

walkman? ?n.? ?隨身聽錄音機(jī)

eclipse? ?n.? ?日食;月食

prize? ?n.? ?獎(jiǎng)賞

biography? ?n.? ?傳記

biographical? ?adj.? ?傳記的

folk? ?adj.? ?民間的

dreadful? ?adj.? ?可怕的

1﹒時(shí)間狀語從句（Adverbial Clause of Time）

時(shí)間狀語從句通常由連詞when，while，as，since，till/until，as soon as 等詞引導(dǎo)。例如：

I was watching TV when he came in.

2﹒過去完成時(shí)（The Past Perfect Tense）

過去完成時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作，或在過去某一時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)開始并一直持續(xù)到那時(shí)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與by，for，before，since等構(gòu)成的介詞短語或由連詞after，before，since，when，by the time等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句連用。例如：

By the end of last year， we had learned seven hundred English words.

詞匯短語園地

1. audience? n.（戲劇、音樂會(huì)或演講等的）觀眾;

聽眾

The audience was （were） clapping for 10 minutes.

觀眾鼓掌長達(dá)10分鐘。

An audience of millions watched the wedding on TV.

幾百萬觀眾在電視上觀看了婚禮。

2. lose? vt.? 失去;丟失;失敗

The tickets seemed to have lost.

那些票好像給弄丟了。

I often lose money because of my carelessness.

我經(jīng)常由于粗心而丟錢。

lose sth （to sb）? 被奪去;被打敗

The company has lost a lot of business to its competitors.

公司的許多業(yè)務(wù)被對(duì)手奪去了。

We lost to a stronger team.

我們輸給了一支更強(qiáng)勁的隊(duì)伍。

lose oneself in? 沉迷于;專心致志于

lose sight of? 看不見? ? ? lose control of? 控制不住

lose weight? 減肥? ? ? ? ? ?lose ones heart to? 愛上某人

lose track of? 和……失去聯(lián)系;不知……的情況、下落

lose contact/touch with? 和……失去聯(lián)系

lose ones tongue? 不知說什么好;緊張得說不出話

be lost in? 迷失在……之中;陷入;被……所吸引

3. influence? vt.? 影響

n.? 影響;有影響的人（事）

Dont let me influence your decision.

不要讓我影響你的決定。

Those friends are a bad influence on her.

那些朋友對(duì)她有負(fù)面的影響。

What exactly is the influence of television on children？

電視對(duì)兒童究竟有什么影響？

（1）influence on/upon sb/sth? 對(duì)某人（事）有影響、作用

Listening to the music has a calming influence on her.

聽音樂對(duì)她起了一種鎮(zhèn)靜的作用。

（2）influence over sb/sth? 對(duì)某人（事）的支配力、控制力

Her parents no longer have any real influence over her.

她的父母對(duì)她不再有真正的約束力了。

（3）be strongly/greatly/deeply influenced by sth/sb

受到某人（事）的強(qiáng)大 / 巨大 / 深刻的影響

He was deeply influenced by his English teacher.

他深受他英語老師的影響。

have a（n）... influence on...? 對(duì)……有……影響

under the influence of? 在……的影響下

比較：affect，effect和influence的區(qū)別

affect，effect，influence均可表示“影響”，其區(qū)別是：（1）affect是動(dòng)詞，主要指一時(shí)的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)影響的動(dòng)作，可指一般意義的影響（不分好壞），也可指不良影響;effect是名詞。

（2）influence表示“影響”，主要指對(duì)行為、性格、觀點(diǎn)等產(chǎn)生間接或潛移默化的影響，可用作動(dòng)詞或名詞。

三者的關(guān)系大致為：affect sb/sth= have an effect/influence on sb/sth。

Its clear that her painting has been influenced by her mother.

她的畫顯然受到她母親的影響。

The news did not affect the school at all.

=The news had no effect on the school at all.

這條消息對(duì)學(xué)校沒有影響。

注意：effect有時(shí)用作動(dòng)詞，但不表示“影響”，而表示“實(shí)現(xiàn)”或“產(chǎn)生”等。

He effected great changes in the company.

他使公司發(fā)生了巨大的變化。

4. record? vt.? 記錄;記載;錄（音、像）

n.? 記錄;記載

Her diary records all the happenings of her days.

她的日記記載了她那個(gè)時(shí)代所發(fā)生的一切。

Did you remember to record Friends for me？

你記得為我錄電視節(jié)目《朋友》了嗎？

This is not a live match， but a recorded one.

這不是直播的比賽，而是錄像的。

You should keep a record of your expenses.

你應(yīng)該記下你的各項(xiàng)開支。

He had an impressive record of achievement.

他所取得的一系列成就令人贊嘆。

keep a record/records of? 把……記（錄）下來

on record? 有記錄的

hold/keep a record? 保持紀(jì)錄

break the record? 打破紀(jì)錄

set a new record? 刷新紀(jì)錄

5. mix? vt. & vi.? 使混合

Mix them together so that you can have a sticky paste.

將它們混合，你就可以得到一種黏性糨糊。

Oil and water do not mix.

油和水不相融。

mix up? 弄錯(cuò);弄亂

mix sb/sth up （with sb/sth）? 弄錯(cuò);誤認(rèn)為……是

be/get mixed up（指人）弄糊涂了

be/get mixed in sth? 卷入;與某事有牽連

mix... in （with）...? 摻入;和入

mix... into/to...? 將……混合制成……

6. tour? vt.? 旅行;巡回演出

n.? 旅行;巡回演出、比賽等

They are touring in Japan.

他們正在日本旅行。

My tour lasted a whole year.

我的旅行持續(xù)了一整年。

She is in the United States on a speaking tour.

她正在美國進(jìn)行巡回演講。

比較：journey，voyage，trip，tour和travel表示“旅行”時(shí)的區(qū)別。

（1）journey指從一地到另一地，通常指陸地上的遠(yuǎn)距離旅行，有時(shí)也可以表示經(jīng)常走的或長或短的“路程”。

At first I was afraid the long journey would be too much for a child.

起初我擔(dān)心小孩不能走這么遠(yuǎn)的路。

（2）voyage主要指遠(yuǎn)距離的水上旅行，也可以指空中旅行，意為“航海;航空;航行”。

It is a successful voyage to the ship.

這是那艘船的一次成功航行。

（3）trip一般指時(shí)間短、距離近的旅行或遠(yuǎn)足，也可以指長途旅行。在非正式用語中可代替journey。

I made a bus trip to the town last week.

上星期我乘公共汽車去城里玩了。

（4）tour著重指旅行線路比較曲折，常表示“（周游各地的）參觀、訪問、（巡回）旅游、視察、演出”。

I will tour the world in the future.

我將來會(huì)周游世界。

（5）travel旅行，游歷，一般表示從一地到另一地旅行的總概念。常指長時(shí)間、遠(yuǎn)距離的旅行，尤指出國旅行。

They came home after years of foreign travel.

他們在多年的國外旅行之后回家了。

7. be impressed with? 留下深刻印象

I was very impressed with his performance.

他的表演讓我印象深刻。

8. split up? 分裂;分割

The day was split up into 6 one-hour sessions.

一天的活動(dòng)分作6個(gè)時(shí)段，每個(gè)時(shí)段1小時(shí)。

Shes split up with her boyfriend.

她和男朋友分手了。

split... into...? 分開;使分開

She split the class into groups of four.

她按四人一組，把全班分成若干小組。

split sth between sb/sth;split sth with sb? 分?jǐn)?分享

She split the money she won with her brother.

她把得到的錢與弟弟分了。

His time is split between the London and Paris offices.

他有一半時(shí)間是在倫敦辦事處，一半時(shí)間是在巴黎辦事處。

9. make a note of? 記錄;記下來;注意;記住

Make a note of the address.

把地址記下來。

Make a note of how much money you spend on the trip.

把你旅行中的花費(fèi)記錄下來。

Well make a note of your suggestions.

我們會(huì)記下你的建議的。

make notes? 做筆記

take notes of? 記下

Why Are You Late for School Every Morning？

Teacher： Why are you late for school every morning？

Tom： Every time I come to the corner， a sign says， “School—Go Slow”.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（一）

閱讀理解

A

As is true in all cultures， Americans first hear music in the context of family life. Much of that music comes from the records on the family radio or television， and this “canned” music is especially important in developing childrens musical taste. People often say they were very strongly influenced by the kind of music they heard before they were old enough to have their own records or choose the station on the family radio. There is usually some live music in the family as well.

Many mothers and grandmothers sing lullabies （催眠曲）， for example. These can be important since in America， as elsewhere， lullabies not only lull a baby to sleep but promise， praise and teach cultural values. Sometimes lullabies are the only songs in a foreign language that American children with strong ethnic （種族的） backgrounds hear， since people often fall back on old， familiar languages for intimate （親密的） songs.

Another important family context is the automobile， where families learn songs and sing together on weekends and vacations. This is not as surprising as it appears， for the family car has become one of the basic centers of family experience， and it is one of the important places where the families gather for an extended period of time without outside disturbance. The family used to have to choose between making their own music in the car and being force fed by the radio， but the invention of automobile cassette recorders and eight-track playback machines allows a family to have more control over what they hear when they drive.

1. What do the underlined words “‘canned music” in the first paragraph refer to？

A. The music children hear in a car.

B. Recorded music instead of live music.

C. Modern music young people can enjoy.

D. The music passed down from older generations.

2. The music children first hear is important in ___ .

A. learning language

B. developing their mind

C. knowing about cultural values

D. shaping their likes and dislikes in music

3. According to the text， lullabies are usually sung in ___ .

A. American English B. a familiar language

C. an African language D. the parents native language

4. The invention of automobile cassette recorders allow a family ___ .

A. to spend a longer time on vacation in the car

B. to have more choices in the music they hear

C. to enjoy music without being disturbed

D. to have another place to get together

B

All of Americas popular music—jazz， country， rock and roll， and hip hop—develops from the Delta blues. Its words gave voice to the lives of workers in the fields of the Deep South， who were deeply affected by slavery （奴隸制度）. The blues may be concerned with sadness， but singing it is an act of defiance， not despair （絕望）. The blues reminds us of our weak points while encouraging us to see how far we can actually go.

We can still almost touch the origin of this art form. Looking back on the journey the blues took north up the Mississippi River—when African Americans left the South in search of new jobs—photographer Gail Mooney traveled from Chicago clubs down to the Delta to get the stories of blues men and blues women. They are still here today to attach us to the musics early days.

“In our conversations， we talked so much more about other things than their music，” says Mooney， whose exhibition on the blues has just begun a US tour this spring. “We talked about their childhoods， their cultural origin， and a time in America when people moved to live in large cities. I would listen， and sometimes I would get a feeling.”

These photos show some of the musicians who worked and studied with blues pioneers—drummer Sam Carr was the son of Robert Nighthawk， while Pinetop Perkins and Willie “Big Eyes” Smith played together with Muddy Waters.

Already， this generation is leaving us： Little Milton， guitarist and vocalist， and Robert “Junior” Lockwood （who learned from Robert Johnson， the greatest blues man of all） have passed away since Mooney began her project. However， they left many valuable things to us. Turn on your radio and some little piece of the Delta gets passed down again.

5. What can we learn about the blues from Paragraph 1？

A. It was created by workers.

B. It aims to express sad feelings.

C. It described the lives of workers.

1.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 5.

6.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 7.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 8.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 9.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 10.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（三）

閱讀理解

A

Most students in America like popular music. Students carry small radios with earphones and listen to the music before class， after class， and at lunch. Students with cars buy large speakers and play the music loudly as they drive on the street.

Adult drivers listen to the music on the car radio as they drive to work. They also listen to the news about the sports， the weather and the life of American people. Most of the radio programs are music.

Popular music singer makes much money. He or she makes a CD which radio stations use in many places. Once the popular singer is heard all over the country， young people will buy his or her CD. Some of the money from these CDs goes to the singer. Wherever the singer goes to， most of the young people want to meet him or her. Now the singer has become a national star.

There are other kinds of music that are important to Americans. One is called folk music which tells stories about the common life of Americans. Another is called western or country music. It was started by cowboys who would sing at night to the cows which they were watching. Today， any music about country life and the love between a country boy and his girl is called western or country music.

1. How many kinds of music are mentioned in the text？

A. Two. B. Three.

C. Four. D. Five.

2. How can popular music singers become national stars？

A. By making a CD.

B. By earning a lot of money.

C. By going to other countries to perform.

D. By getting popular with the young people.

3. From the text， we learn nowadays country music is about

___ .

A. the life of cowboys

B. the country life and love

C. the school life in the country

D. the common life of Americans

4. What is the best title for the text？

A. Popular Music B. American Music

C. Classic Music D. Folk Music

B

It may seem strange to say that， but hearing good music played well by a big music group is something that a lot of people no longer experience. Most people are musically illiterate （了解不多的） simply because they have never had any chance to listen to good music. Many people are unfamiliar with the sound of a symphony orchestra. They only hear orchestra music while watching ads and films. But to me a symphony orchestra is the biggest instrument in the world. To hear a full symphony orchestra on stage and to feel the power of the sound—it is like a big wave. It is an amazing experience and it is one that I was lucky enough to grow up with.

My mother was a well-known singer. She had been a member of the Vienna State Opera and the Budapest State Opera and as a baby I was taken along to concerts and stages. I was not necessarily listening to classical music but always good music played well.

My mother was the sixteenth child in her family. She was the youngest and by the time she was born， her oldest sister also had a child with whom she shared a bed. With so many loving families around her， my mother grew up happily to be a cheerful woman.

Because I lost my father when I was very young， I do not remember much about him. What I do know is largely what I have been told by my mother. I am like him in many ways. He was obviously a very serious man， always appearing sad. I seem to have inherited （繼承） something of that from him. Fortunately， I inherited far more of my mothers happiness—a real show business personality （性格）.

5. Why does the author think that most people are musically illiterate？

A. They are not interested in music.

B. They dont listen to music very often.

C. They cant tell good music from bad music.

D. They have no chance to listen to well-played music.

6. What does the author think of hearing a symphony orchestra on stage？

A. It makes him want to get on stage one day.

B. It makes him feel like getting stuck in a big wave.

C. It is very different from hearing orchestra music in films.

D. It can create a similar feeling as watching powerful ads.

7. What can we learn about the author as a baby？

A. He helped his mother a lot.

B. He learned music from his mother.

C. He went to his mothers workplace.

D. He listened to classical music every day.

8. What would the author probably like to be in the future？

Then after a month， the two brothers? ? 9? ? back to their father. The father went with the first son and saw that the son had built many huts （小屋）. And as he was? ? 10? ? by each hut， he said， “Is there anybody in these huts？”

And the son said， “No.”

Then the father became very? ? 11? ? because he had no one to serve food. So they went with the second son， who? ? 12? ? them to the first family which adopted him. And he? ? 13? ? them to his father saying， “These are my father and my brothers.”

And the father received them very? ? 14? ?， and gave them a big feast （盛宴）. Then they went on to the second family that

15? ? him， and were given another feast.

After? ? 16? ? in the family they came back， and the father said， “This is what I? ? 17? ? when I said you should make yourself a home. The? ? 18? ? is not just a series of huts or a? ? 19

and beautiful house. It is? ? 20? ? and warmth and friendships with other people.”

1. A. shouted B. said C. referred D. pointed

2. A. fail B. die C. leave D. fall

3. A. beautiful B. given C. own D. tidy

4. A. buy B. move C. clean D. build

5. A. cutting down B. looking at

C. searching for D. thinking about

6. A. Suddenly B. However C. Luckily D. Besides

7. A. sharing B. ending C. forming D. creating

8. A. couples B. rooms C. groups D. families

9. A. came B. talked C. headed D. turned

10. A. walking B. running C. rolling D. driving

11. A. amazed B. nervous C. hungry D. sleepy

12. A. carried B. welcomed C. drove D. took

13. A. announced B. introduced C. suggested D. explained

14. A. truly B. peacefully C. warmly D. honestly

15. A. helped B. adopted C. received D. changed

16. A. eating B. bathing C. resting D. visiting

17. A. taught B. finished C. promised D. meant

18. A. house B. home C. relationship D. life

19. A. modern B. simple C. big D. common

20. A. love B. duty C. success D. fortune

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（五）

閱讀理解

Todays trumpet is one of the worlds oldest instruments. It is really the result of many centuries of development. Although it looks nothing like its ancestors， there are many similarities. All trumpets are hollow tubes （空心管）. They are all blown. And they all use the players lips to produce the basic sound.

The trumpet developed as players and makers worked to improve its design， size， shape， material， and method of construction. They wanted to create an instrument that would produce a beautiful and attractive tone， enable the performers to play all the notes of scale， extend the range （音域） higher and lower， make it possible to play more beautiful music， and in general， be easier to play well. The remarkable way in which the modern trumpet achieves these goals is a measure of the success of all those who struggled to perfect this glorious instrument.

The trumpet is actually the leading member of an entire family of related instruments. There are trumpets of several different sizes， and in several different keys. There are cornets， bugles， flugelhorns， and a number of others that are all similar to the trumpet in the way they are made and played.

The trumpet family is much more than a group of related instruments that can stir one with their sound， or narrow tubes of metal capable of producing a variety of musical sounds. It is a link to many different periods of history and to people of many cultures. From the use of trumpets in ancient religious （宗教的） ceremonies to the part they play in modern rock bands， the trumpet family of instruments has much to tell about civilization and its development.

1. What is needed to make the trumpet work according to Paragraph 1？

A. Air pressure. B. Daily cleaning.

C. Fast moving fingers. D. Longer fingers.

2. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us？

A. How people like trumpets.

B. Who improved trumpets.

C. What makes trumpets wonderful.

D. Why trumpets were able to become perfect.

3. Why does the author believe that the trumpet is particularly important？

A. It can be used in rock bands.

B. It has historical significance.

C. It is a religious instrument.

D. It has a wide range.

4. What is the best title for the text？

A. Science and the Trumpet

B. How the Trumpet Is Made

C. Recordings of the Trumpet

D. The Trumpet and Its Development

閱讀七選五

As we all know， sports are very common in our daily life. People who usually take part in sports can be found everywhere. Why so many people love sports？? ? ? ? 1

Generally speaking， it is good for our health to do sports， such as basketball， football， table tennis， swimming， badminton， and so on.? ? ? ? 2? ? ? ? I have taken the swimming course this term， since I didnt know how to swim. I find that swimming is very interesting and has many benefits for our body. On the one hand， it can make our circulatory system run regularly. On the other hand， the muscles of our body can be massaged （按摩） under the pressure of water. All these are good to our health.

3? ? ? ? It is known to us that some sports are team sports that include several players or even more. When playing with others， people must face the situation of getting along with others. Through the sports games， strangers may get along with others and make friends with each other.? ? ? ? 4? ? ? ? If you dont know what to do， doing exercise may be a good idea because you can share the time and the fun with your friends.

5? ? ? ? Yes， thats right. But there are more advantages of sports than its disadvantages. We should follow the lead of sports athletes， as sports plays an important role in our life. Plenty of physical exercise will help you keep fit.

A. I think I love the sports deeply.

B. There are many reasons for this.

C. Just take swimming for example.

D. Sports keep you in a perfect shape.

E. Besides， sports are also a way of communication.

F. Some people say it is easy to be hurt while doing sports.

G. Whats more， they can get satisfaction from the competitive

sports.

1.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 2.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 4.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 5.

跟蹤導(dǎo)練（六）

選詞填空

用方框里單詞的正確形式填空，使其句意完整。有兩個(gè)詞是多余的。

music mix lose impress talent complex

reduce conductor director audience instrument recognise

1. He was very upset about ____ his job again.

2. The ____ comedy was praised by lots of artists.

3. A famous concert will always attract a large number of ____ .

4. We all believe he can deal with the ____ situation well.

5. A pen is a（n） ____ used for writing with ink.

6. The first lady ____ me by her voice， look， and hair.

7. As we all know， a（n） ____ can be the most important role of a performance.

8. After that she put the butter and sugar into a bowl and ____ them up.

9. She has a（n） ____ for music and she wants to go to a music college in the future.

10. Its well known that Feng Xiaogang is one of Chinese greatest ____ .

句子翻譯

1. 當(dāng)小女孩親吻這只青蛙時(shí)，它立刻變成了王子。（change into）

2. 當(dāng)你聽到談話時(shí)，應(yīng)該把說話者說的內(nèi)容記錄下來。（make a note of）

3. 所有的觀眾都對(duì)你們今晚的表演印象深刻。（be impressed with）

4. 牛津大學(xué)是世界公認(rèn)的最好的大學(xué)之一。（be known as）

5. 我們隊(duì)被分散在這個(gè)省不同的地區(qū)工作。（split up）

短文改錯(cuò)

Once a man asked a painter to paint a picture to him. He told the artist he didnt want any shadows in the picture， just sunshine， but the artist did so. When the man saw the finishing picture， he was disappointed. Without shadows， everything in the picture looks flat and unreal. The point of the story is that we need both shadows and sunshine to have a completely picture， just as we need both rain and sun to have living world. People， too， needs both sadness and happiness. We often learn important lesson during sad times. So when we will feel sad， we should try to stop and think about that we might learn from the experience.

書面表達(dá)

音樂在我們的日常生活中扮演著很重要的角色。請以“The Role of Music”為題，用英語寫一篇短文，談?wù)勔魳返暮锰?。?nèi)容包括：

1﹒在生活和學(xué)習(xí)方面（感到壓力時(shí)、情緒低落時(shí)等）;

2﹒在了解其他文化方面。

注意：

1﹒詞數(shù)100左右;

2﹒可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Music Hobbies of American People

美國人的音樂愛好

James Fenimore Cooper， an early American writer， once said， “The Americans are almost ignorant of the art of music.” If that was once true， you would never know it today. Most Americans—even those without a musical bone in their bodies—have a favorite style of music. Many people enjoy classical and folk music from around the world. But other popular music styles in America were “made in the USA”.

一位早期的美國作家詹姆斯·費(fèi)尼莫爾·庫珀曾說：“美國人對(duì)音樂藝術(shù)幾乎可以說是相當(dāng)?shù)臒o知?！比绻窃?jīng)是事實(shí)，如今你絕不會(huì)這么認(rèn)為了。大部分的美國人甚至包括那些沒有音樂細(xì)胞的人，都有自己喜愛的音樂類型。許多人喜歡世界各國的古典音樂和民俗音樂，然而美國其他的流行音樂則是“美國制造”的。

Country and western music lies close to the heart of many Americans. This style originated among country folks in the southern and western United States. Country music tells down-to-earth stories about love and lifes hardships. Guitars， banjos and violins （also known as fiddles） give country music its characteristic sound. The home of country music is Nashville， Tennessee—Music City USA. Country music even has its own theme park called “Opryland” where you can enjoy music shows and fun rides. “The Grand Ole Opry”， the oldest radio show in the United States， broadcasts country music live from Opryland every weekend.

鄉(xiāng)村和西部音樂深受很多美國人的喜愛。這種類型的音樂起源于美國南部和西部的鄉(xiāng)村民眾。鄉(xiāng)村音樂傳述著真實(shí)不加渲染的愛情故事和生活中的艱難。吉他、五弦琴和小提琴（又名fiddle）可彈奏出鄉(xiāng)村音樂的特殊音色。鄉(xiāng)村音樂的發(fā)源地是田納西州的納什維爾市——美國的音樂城市。鄉(xiāng)村音樂甚至還有它自己的主題樂園——奧普賴樂園！在那兒你可以享受音樂表演以及好玩的游樂設(shè)施。美國最老牌的廣播節(jié)目《鄉(xiāng)村大劇院》每個(gè)周末都會(huì)實(shí)況播放奧普賴樂園的音樂。

Jazz music， developed by African-Americans in the late 1800s， allows performers to freely express their emotions and musical skill. Instead of just playing the melody， jazz musicians improvise different tunes using the same chords. The peak of jazz music came in the 1920s， known as “The Jazz Era”. This period produced musicians like Louis Armstrong， Benny Goodman and Duke Ellington. These musicians later created the “big band” sounds of the 1930s. Different styles of jazz developed in different cities， such as New Orleans， Chicago， New York and Kansas City. Composer George Gershwin brought jazz into the world of classical music with pieces like “Rhapsody in Blue”.

爵士樂是19世紀(jì)末期由非洲裔的美國人發(fā)展出來的。它讓表演者自由地表現(xiàn)他們的情感和音樂技巧。爵士音樂家不僅演奏旋律，還用同樣的和弦即興演奏出不同的曲調(diào)。爵士樂的巔峰期出現(xiàn)于20世紀(jì)20年代，該時(shí)期被稱為“爵士時(shí)代”。這個(gè)時(shí)期誕生的音樂家有路易斯·阿姆斯特朗、班尼·古德曼和艾靈頓公爵。這些音樂家稍后都創(chuàng)造了20世紀(jì)30年代的“大樂團(tuán)”之音。不同的城市也孕育出不同的爵士風(fēng)格，比如新奧爾良、芝加哥、紐約和堪薩斯城。作曲家喬治·格什溫更以像《藍(lán)色狂想曲》這樣的作品，將爵士樂帶入古典音樂的世界。