焦賢廷

【考點梳理】

考點1. 動詞不定式作賓語

（1） 在動詞want， hope， would like， decide， wish， choose， try， need等后常用動詞不定式作賓語。

（2） think， find， feel， make后連接it + adj. + to do sth.構成“形式賓語+真實賓語”的用法。

考點2. 動詞不定式作賓補

（1） 帶to的不定式作賓補的動詞有：ask， like， would like， teach， tell， want， help等。

（2） 省掉to的不定式作賓補的動詞有：let， make， hear， see， notice， have， watch等。

注：省掉to的不定式的句子變被動語態(tài)時，需要還原to。

考點3. 動詞不定式作主語

（1） 動詞不定式常用作句子的主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式：To do sth. +謂語動詞+adj. / n.。

（2） 常用it作形式主語，而將不定式放在句子后面：It +謂語動詞+adj. / n.+ to do sth.。

考點4. 動詞不定式作定語

（1） 及物動詞不定式作定語放在被修飾詞之后：名詞或代詞+to do。

（2） 若構成的不定式的動詞為不及物動詞時，其后加上相應的介詞：名詞或代詞+to do （介詞）。

考點5. 動詞不定式與疑問詞連用（特殊疑問詞+動詞不定式）

在賓語從句中，若主從句的主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+to do sth.”，不定式可以和疑問代詞（who， whom， whose， what， which）或疑問副詞（when， where， how， why）連用構成不定式短語。它們可以在句中作主語、賓語和表語。

巧記常見動詞：

學會忘記有難處 （learn， forget）

想知道就別來勸告 （wonder， know， advise）

展開討論教人對付 （show， discuss， teach）

弄清楚才決定告訴 （find out， decide， tell）

When to start is not decided yet. 還沒決定什么時候開始。（作主語）

The problem is where to have the party. 問題是去哪兒舉辦聚會。（作表語）

I dont know where to go.我不知道去哪兒。（作賓語）

考點6. 動詞不定式可作狀語

（1） 在謂語動詞或謂語動詞短語之后連接動詞不定式可作目的狀語。

（2） 主+系+表語形容詞（sorry， sad， happy， glad， afraid， pleased）+ to do sth.不定式作原因狀語。

（3） 在too... to...， not... enough to...句型中的動詞不定式作結果狀語。

考點7. 動詞不定式作表語

動詞不定式作表語可以和主語的位置互換，且常表將來：主語+be +to do sth.。

考點8. 動詞不定式的否定形式：在動詞不定式的前面加not。

考點9. 若兩個或兩個以上的不定式并列時，第一個不定式符號不能省略，其余的省掉to。但兩者有對比選擇關系時，to都不能省略。

【溫馨提示】

不定式高頻考點句型：

1. It is+adj.+to do sth. 做某事是……

2. Its+adj.（clever， kind， good， right， wrong， foolish， nice...）+of sb. to do sth.

3. Its+adj.（difficult， easy， hard， important， interesting...）+for sb. to do sth.

4. It is time （for sb.） to do sth.=Its time for sb. for sth. 是某人做某事的時候了

5. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花費某人時間做某事

6. sb. find / think it+adj. +to do sth. 某人發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是……

7. too+adj. / adv.+（for sb.） to do sth. 太……而不能……

8. adj. / adv. enough to do sth. 足夠……做……

9. There is no time to do sth. 沒有時間做某事

10. would rather do sth. than do sth. 寧愿做……而不愿……

11. prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 寧愿做……而不愿……

12. Would you please （not） do sth.？ 請你（不）做……好嗎？

13. Why not do sth.？ / Why dont you do sth.？ 為什么不做……？

14. Would / Could / Will you please （not） do sth.？ 請你（不）做……好嗎？

15. had better （not） do sth. 最好（不）做某事

巧學妙記：

不定式有標記，to與動原連一起;沒有人稱數(shù)變化，動詞特點它具備;

主賓定補表狀語，唯獨作謂不可以;not加上不定式，否定結構要牢記;

疑問詞與不定式，構成短語有意義;仔細推敲多思考，準確判斷有依據。

【實戰(zhàn)演練】

1. He asked me whether I expect ______ in England for long.

A. say????????????????????????? B. to stay

C. staying?????????????????? D. stayed

2. I found ______ a great fun ______ English.

A. this; to learn??????? B. this; learning

C. it; learning??????????? D. it; to learn

3. He made some toys ______ his little son.

A. please??????????????????? B. to please

C. pleasing???????????????? D. pleased

4. The old man was often seen ______ exercise in the park last year.

A. doing?? B. to do??? C. does ? D. did

5. It took us three hours ______ the work without any help.

A. to finish???????????????? B. finishing

C. finished????????????????? D. to finishing

6. Many animals have no place ______ because our villages and farms are growing bigger.

A. to live???????????????????? B. living

C. living in????????????????? D. to live in

7. In front of so many strangers the shy girl doesnt know ______.

A. what to say????????? B. how to speak

C. what saying?????????????????? D. how to say

8. I bought a big box ______ books for kids in poor areas.

A. collects????????????????? B. to collect

C. collect??????????????????? D. collecting

9. His neighbours were surprised ______ them alive.

A. seeing??????????????????? B. to see

C. to seeing?????????????? D. see

10. He can do what he can ______ the class- room clean and tidy.

A. keep?????????????????????? B. to keep

C. keeps???????????????????? D. keeping

11. The boy was too young ______ himself.

A. looking after???????? B. looked after

C. to look after???????? D. look after

12. His mother is about ______ meal as soon as she comes home from work.

A. cooking????????????????? B. cooked

C. to cook?????????????????? D. to cooking

13. Go and tell the boy ______ the fire. Its too dangerous.

A. dont play???????????? B. not play

C. not to play??????????? D. not playing

14. We havent decided to go home or ______ to the cinema.

A. go ???????????????????????? B. to go

C. going ??????????????????? D. went

15. Edisons mother taught him ______ at home.

A. to write and to read

B. to write and read

C. writing and reading

D. wrote and read