李天雨

1. cheer v. 歡呼;喝彩

Every time our basketball team scores a goal， each of our classmates cheers loudly. 每當(dāng)我們籃球隊(duì)進(jìn)了球，我們每個(gè)同學(xué)都大聲歡呼。

Dear students， please cheer for our youth. 同學(xué)們，請(qǐng)為我們的青春喝彩。

【拓展】 cheer up 振奮起來(lái)

I think he misses her terribly. You might cheer him up. 我估計(jì)他是太想念她了。也許你可以讓他打起點(diǎn)兒精神來(lái)。

2. satisfaction n. 滿足;滿意

He was glad and nodded with satisfaction. 他很高興，滿意地點(diǎn)頭。

【拓展】 satisfying adj. 令人滿意的;令人滿足的，形容物;satisfied adj. 感到滿意的，形容人;satisfy vi. 令人滿意;令人滿足vt. 滿足;使?jié)M意

3. volunteer n. 義務(wù)工作者;志愿者

vt. 義務(wù)（做）;自愿（做）

She was a volunteer; she hadnt had to be press-ganged. 她是一個(gè)志愿者，不一定非是受人迫使的。

They volunteered to repair the house for the old lady. 他們主動(dòng)提出替老太太修繕房子。

4. lonely adj. 孤獨(dú)的;寂寞的

I feel very lonely without my good friend. 我的好朋友不在旁邊我就很寂寞。

【辨析】 lonely和alone

lonely是形容詞，alone是副詞。lonely是指心靈上的，意為“寂寞，孤獨(dú)”。alone是指行為或動(dòng)作上的，意為“單獨(dú)，獨(dú)自”。

She lives alone and often feels lonely. 她孑然一身，常感到寂寞。

I dont like going out alone at night. 我不喜歡夜晚單獨(dú)外出。

5. excited adj. 激動(dòng)的;興奮的

I am excited at the news. 聽到這個(gè)消息我很興奮。

Are you excited about going to Beijing？ 你對(duì)去北京感到興奮嗎？

【辨析】 excited和exciting

excited與 exciting都是形容詞。excited意為“興奮的”，一般修飾人;而exciting意為“令人感到興奮的”，一般修飾物。如：interest， frighten， surprise， move， terrify等，這些詞的? -ed形容詞和-ing形容詞的用法都與之相似。

6. disabled adj. 喪失能力的;有殘疾的

The accident disabled his father for work last year. 去年的一起事故使他的爸爸喪失了工作能力。

Her family is very poor because her father is ill and he is disabled. 她的家庭很窮，因?yàn)樗赣H病了，而且殘疾。

7. understand v. 懂;理解;領(lǐng)會(huì)

understand的過去式是understood。

They are too young to understand what is going on. 他們還太小，不明白發(fā)生了什么事。

It would be nice to have someone who really understood me， a friend. 要是有個(gè)真正理解我的朋友就好了。

8. several pron. 幾個(gè);數(shù)個(gè);數(shù)人;數(shù)件物

Several hundred students are climbing the mountain. 幾百名學(xué)生正在爬山。

Theyve been to the hospital several times. 他們已經(jīng)去醫(yī)院好幾次了。

9. feeling n. 感覺，感觸

It doesnt matter if you fail. I know your feeling now. 失敗了沒關(guān)系，我理解你此刻的感受。

I also had a strange feeling in my neck. 我的脖子感覺也很奇怪。

10. journey n. （尤指長(zhǎng)途）旅行，行程

When you make a journey， you might travel from your hometown to my city. 當(dāng)你旅行的時(shí)候，你可以從你的家鄉(xiāng)旅行到我的城市。

【辨析】 trip， journey和travel

（1） trip常指短距離的、直達(dá)目的地的旅行，在日常用語(yǔ)中，trip可與journey通用。

I am going on a trip to the seaside during the summer holidays. 暑假期間我將去海邊旅行。

（2） journey主要指單程較遠(yuǎn)距離。

Mr. Smith made a journey from Paris to New York. 史密斯先生作了一次從巴黎到紐約的旅行。

（3） travel泛指一般意義的旅行，是不可數(shù)名詞。

He is fond of travel （= travelling）. 他喜歡旅行。

11. fix v. 修理;安裝

Can you help me fix my radio？ 你能幫我修理一下收音機(jī)嗎？

【辨析】 mend， repair和fix

三者都表修理。

（1） mend指修理一些小用具、玩具、要縫補(bǔ)的衣物等。

Mom， my coat is broken. Can you mend it？ 媽媽，我的上衣壞了，你能幫我縫補(bǔ)一下嗎？

（2） repair指修理一些破損、毀壞的、不能正常使用的物品。

When I got home， my father was repairing his bike. 當(dāng)我到家的時(shí)候，爸爸正在修理他的自行車。

（3） fix指大型設(shè)備需要安裝、裝配。

Hes outside fixing the brakes on the car. 他在外面修理汽車的剎車。

12. clean up 打掃干凈;整理

We have to clean up the classroom before we leave. 我們必須把教室打掃干凈才能走。

【拓展】 動(dòng)詞之后加介詞或副詞構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)，表達(dá)一種特定的含義，稱為短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。如：look at 看;look like 看上去像;look after 照料;listen to 聽;welcome to 歡迎到……;say hello to 向……問好;speak to 對(duì)……說;put on 穿上;take off 脫下;起飛;write down 記下;come on 趕快;get up 起床;come in 進(jìn)來(lái);sit down 坐下;stand up起立等。

【牛刀小試】

一、根據(jù)句意及漢語(yǔ)提示填寫所缺單詞或短語(yǔ)。

1. You could ________ （分發(fā)） food at the food bank to help feed them.

2. I want to ________ （使變得更高興） my grandparents.

3. —What does your friend want to do this summer holiday？

—He wants to ________ （自愿做） in an orphanage （孤兒院）.

4. Look at the ________ （標(biāo)志） on the wall. Dont use your mobile phone here.

5. Monday is our schools ________ （清潔） Day.

二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1. He smiled in ________ （satisfied） when he won the game.

2. We cant put off ________ （make） a plan.

3. The ________ （own） of the shop was cleaning the floor when I walked in.

4. I got the ________ （feel） that he didnt like me.

5. On my way to school， I noticed some

________ （break） chairs on the right side of the road.

三、從方框中選擇合適的短語(yǔ)并用其適當(dāng)形式完成句子。

[ put up， hand out， call up， cheer up，

come up with， give out， put off ]

1. I want to ________ my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer. Im too busy with my studies this year.

2. She hopes to ________ at least five primary schools to ask if they need volunteers for their after-school programs.

3. Our class is trying to ________ some ideas to ________ sick children because they are often sad.

4. We decided to ________ signs around the school and ________ notices to tell students about the book sale.

5. We will ________ the money from the sale to homeless people.

四、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成句子。

1. We must find a person ________________ （做這項(xiàng)工作）.

2. In my family， my mother is always the first one ________________ （起床）.

3. Do you have ________________ （什么問題要問）？

4. Please tell me ________________ （怎樣念這個(gè)詞）.

5. I havent decided ________________ （買哪一件襯衫）.