倪慧琴

1. elect [I?lekt] vt.

? 選舉;推選

elect sb. as/to be... 選某人擔(dān)任……

She became the first black woman to be elected to the Senate. 她成為第一個(gè)被選進(jìn)參議院的黑人女性。

He was elected as MP for Oxford East. 他被選為牛津東區(qū)的議員。

? 選擇;決定（做某事）

Increasing numbers of people elect to work from home nowadays. 現(xiàn)在越來越多的人選擇在家工作。

易混辨析

elect， select， choose與pick

這些動(dòng)詞均有“挑選”之意。elect指按照一定的規(guī)章或法律，用投票等方式進(jìn)行的認(rèn)真而慎重的選擇; 也指選擇做某事，通常后接動(dòng)詞不定式; select為較正式用詞，指經(jīng)過認(rèn)真考慮后，從很多的人或物中精選出最好的、最中意的，有時(shí)具有莊嚴(yán)、正式的感情色彩;choose指根據(jù)個(gè)人意愿和判斷從眾多的對(duì)象中進(jìn)行挑選，側(cè)重于被選者的優(yōu)點(diǎn)或優(yōu)良特性; pick多指從個(gè)人角度仔細(xì)挑選，可以是隨意或慎重地進(jìn)行選擇，常用于口語(yǔ)。

【試題鏈接】

The school board is made up of parents who_______ ?to make decisions about school affairs.

Key： have been elected

2. boom [bu：m]

? vi. 發(fā)出隆隆聲;快速發(fā)展;繁榮;激增

Business is booming. 商業(yè)正日趨繁榮。

The tower clock boomed out twelve. 塔樓上的大鐘沉重地敲了十二下。

? vt. 使繁榮;使迅速發(fā)展

Foreign investments boomed the city. 國(guó)外投資使這個(gè)城市迅速繁榮起來。

? n. 隆隆聲;繁榮;激增

This boom in adult education， in turn， helps to raise the intellectual standard of the whole country. 而成人教育熱反過來又促進(jìn)了整個(gè)國(guó)家知識(shí)水平的提高。

The boom of the 1980s led to a taste for petrol-guzzling cars. 20世紀(jì)80年代的繁榮使人們喜歡上高油耗的汽車。

【試題鏈接】

Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in a fast food_______ ?and a younger generation?s desire to spend more time at home.

Key： boom

3. occur [??k?：] vi.

? 發(fā)生;存在;出現(xiàn)

Frosts often occur in November. 霜凍經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在十一月份。

There will come a time when the crisis will occur. 危機(jī)總有一天會(huì)爆發(fā)。

短語(yǔ)：occur to發(fā)生在;被想起

It occurred to me that I could have the book sent to me. 我想到可以讓人把書寄給我。

The same idea had occurred to Elizabeth. 伊麗莎白也想到了這個(gè)主意。

易混辨析

occur， happen與take place

occur， happen和take place三者都可以表示“發(fā)生”之意，都是不及物動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。occur為較正式用詞，可指意外地發(fā)生，也可指意料中的發(fā)生; happen常指具體事件的發(fā)生，特別指那些偶然的或未能預(yù)見的發(fā)生; take place通常指某事按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行或按計(jì)劃發(fā)生。

【試題鏈接】

I was only two when the incident_______ .

Key： occurred

4. indicate [?IndIkeIt]

? vi. 表明;顯示

Record profits in the retail market indicate a boom in the economy. 零售市場(chǎng)上有史以來的最高利潤(rùn)顯示出經(jīng)濟(jì)的突飛猛進(jìn)。

? vt. 象征;暗示

A red sky at night often indicates fine weather the next day. 夜空呈紅色往往預(yù)示第二天天氣晴朗。

Early results indicate that the government will be returned to power. 早期的結(jié)果預(yù)示這個(gè)政府將重新執(zhí)政。

? vt. 指示;示意

She took out a map and indicated the quickest route to us. 她拿出一張地圖，給我們指出最快捷的路線。

He indicated where the furniture was to go. 他指示家具要如何擺放。

【試題鏈接】

Forms will be available in school and online for them to_______ ?their choices and return to school.

Key： indicate

5. slip [slIp]

? vi. 滑;倒;滑落;滑離

The fish slipped out of my hand. 魚從我手里滑了下去。

She slipped over on the ice and broke her leg. 她在冰上滑倒把腿摔斷了。

The child slipped from his grasp and ran off. 他一把沒抓牢，讓那孩子跑掉了。

The ship slipped into the harbour at night. 船在夜間悄然進(jìn)港。

? vi. 無意中說出;被泄露

His secret has slipped out. 他的秘密被無意中說了出來。

? n. [C] 失誤;口誤;過錯(cuò);過失;疏漏

Because of a slip by a fellow agent， he was captured. 由于他的伙伴疏忽大意，他被逮捕了。

There mustn?t be the slightest slip. 不能有半點(diǎn)差池。

? n. [C] 事故; 意外

There?s many a slip. 意外事情很多。

Everyone was expecting a slip-up. 每個(gè)人都認(rèn)為會(huì)有意外產(chǎn)生。

【試題鏈接】

If she should_______ ， she would fall between the sleepers， into the rapidly flowing stream.

Key： slip

6. hire [?haI?]

? vt. 雇用

Sixteen of the contestants have hired lawyers and are suing the organizers. 有16名參賽者已經(jīng)請(qǐng)了律師，正在起訴主辦方。

? vt. （短期）租用

To hire a car you must produce a passport and a current driving licence. 租車須出示護(hù)照及有效駕照。

? n. 租賃（業(yè)）;出租（業(yè)務(wù)）

They booked our hotel， and organized car hire. 他們?yōu)槲覀冇喓昧寺灭^，并安排了租車事宜。

? n. 可供出租

Fishing tackle is available for hire.有釣具可供出租。

易混辨析

hire 與employ

hire意為“雇用，聘用”，指短期雇用某人，在美式英語(yǔ)中并不強(qiáng)調(diào)期限; employ意為“雇用，聘任”，為較正式用詞，一般指正規(guī)機(jī)構(gòu)、大公司等聘用職員。

【試題鏈接】

Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program， students are_______ ?each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service.

Key： hired

7. nowhere [?n??we?]

? adv. 任何地方都不（not anywhere）

I?m going nowhere until you are back. 你回來之前我哪兒都不去。

Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet beautiful place. 世界上再?zèng)]有這樣恬靜、優(yōu)美的地方了。

? n. 無處

We could find nowhere to park the car. 我們找不到地方停車。

from / out of nowhere 不知來自哪里

He came from out of nowhere into national fame. 他從默默無聞一下子變得舉國(guó)聞名。

get / lead nowhere沒有結(jié)果

Such methods will get you nowhere. 這些方法將不會(huì)產(chǎn)生結(jié)果。

【試題鏈接】

I?m not sure who is more frightened， me or the female gorilla （大猩猩） that suddenly appears out of_______ .

Key： nowhere

8. reform [ri?f?：m]

? vt. & vi. 改革;改過自新

reform an unfair system 改革不公正的制度

The criminal has promised to reform. 這名罪犯許諾要改過自新。

? n. [ C， U ] 改革;改造

social / political reform 社會(huì)/政治改革

The party embarked on a programme of economic reform. 這個(gè)政黨開始進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)改革。

派生詞

? reformer n. 改革家

He is a militant reformer. 他是一個(gè)激進(jìn)的改革家。

? reformation n. 改進(jìn);革新

He devoted his energies to the reformation of science. 他致力于科學(xué)的革新。

【試題鏈接】

Some schools will have to make adjustments in agreement with the national soccer_______ .

Key： reform