李建高

在英語(yǔ)中，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生頻率的副詞稱(chēng)為頻度副詞。常見(jiàn)的頻度副詞有：always， usually， often， sometimes， seldom， never等。現(xiàn)將它們的用法闡述如下：

一、頻度副詞的含義

1. always表示動(dòng)作呈連續(xù)狀態(tài)，中間沒(méi)有間斷，意為“總是;一直”，其反義詞為never。例如：

Wang Kai is very kind and he is always ready to help others.

王凱人很好，他總是樂(lè)意幫助別人。

2. usually意為“通?！保硎就ǔＨ绱?，很少有例外，一般位于句中，其反義詞為unusually。例如：

My father usually gets up at six o’clock. 我父親通常6點(diǎn)鐘起床。

3. often意為“經(jīng)常;常?！?，強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常性，表示動(dòng)作重復(fù)，但中間有間斷，其反義詞為seldom。例如：

I often go to the cinema with my friends on weekends. 我周日經(jīng)常和朋友們?nèi)タ措娪啊?/p>

4. sometimes意為“有時(shí);間或”，表示動(dòng)作偶爾發(fā)生，中間間隔較大。例如：

Sometimes walking is even faster than driving during the busy traffic time.

在交通高峰期，有時(shí)走路甚至比開(kāi)車(chē)還快。

5. hardly ever意為“幾乎從不;很少”，相當(dāng)于seldom。例如：

The old man hardly ever goes to bed before midnight these days.

這些天這位老人很少在午夜前就寢。

6. never意為“從不;絕不”，表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從未發(fā)生。例如：

My sister never drinks coffee because she dislikes it.

我姐姐從不喝咖啡，因?yàn)樗幌矚g咖啡。

二、頻度副詞的頻率高低排序

按頻率高低，常用頻度副詞的排列順序?yàn)椋篴lways>usually>often>sometimes>hardly ever>never。

三、頻度副詞的位置

頻度副詞一般放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后。有時(shí)，也可放在句首或句尾。例如：

I can never understand the problem. 我永遠(yuǎn)都搞不懂這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

How annoying！ It rains very often. 多么討厭?。√旖?jīng)常下雨。

四、頻度副詞的用法

1. 頻度副詞常與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用，表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例如：

We usually take a walk after dinner. 我們晚飯后通常散步。

[always與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連用，并不強(qiáng)調(diào)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，而是表示說(shuō)話人的贊揚(yáng)、不滿、厭煩等情緒，有強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩。例如：

She is always thinking of others. 她總是想著別人。][溫馨提示]

2. 表示頻率的短語(yǔ)有every day / week， once / twice a month， three times a week / month等。例如：

Most of people brush their teeth twice a day. 大多數(shù)人每天刷兩次牙。

3. 對(duì)頻度副詞及表示時(shí)間發(fā)生頻率的短語(yǔ)提問(wèn)常用how often，表示“多久一次”。例如：

Mr Brown goes swimming every week. 布朗先生每個(gè)星期都去游泳。

→How often does Mr Brown go swimming？ 布朗先生多久去游一次泳？

[◎ 連線中考]

1. （2019·江蘇·鹽城）__________say the English is too difficult for us to learn. We can learn it well with efforts.

A. Always B. Sometimes C. Seldom D. Never

【答案與解析】D.? 由后句“我們可以努力學(xué)好它”，可推知前句意為“不要說(shuō)英語(yǔ)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)太難學(xué)了”，空白處應(yīng)填never，意為“從不”。

2. （2019·山東·臨沂） “Left-behind” children__________see their parents， because their parents work in the cities， leaving them behind in the countryside to be cared for by their grandparents.

A. always

B. hardly ever

C. often

【答案與解析】B.? 由從句“因?yàn)樗麄兊母改冈诔鞘泄ぷ?，把他們留在農(nóng)村由他們的爺爺奶奶照顧”，可推知主句意為“留守兒童很少見(jiàn)到他們的父母”，空白處應(yīng)填hardly ever，意為“很少”。

[◎鞏固練習(xí)]

1. Susan is__________late for school. She is always the first one to get to school.

A. never B. sometimes

C. usually D. always

2. — Why is Daniel so healthy？

— Because he does sports very__________.

A. always B. often

C. sometimes D. hardly

3. My brother exercises__________a day， in the morning and in the evening.

A. once B. twice

C. one D. two

4. Every morning Kate gets up late， so she__________has breakfast before going to school.

A. usually B. often

C. hardly ever D. always

5. —__________do you go to the movies， Jack？

— Once a month.

A. How many B. How much

C. How old D. How often