沈曉芳

形容詞常用來修飾名詞或代詞，表示人或物的特征、性質(zhì)和狀態(tài)，在句中可以作表語或定語。本文我們重點學(xué)習(xí)三個與形容詞有關(guān)的句型。

句型一：It is + adj. + for sb to do sth

該句型中的形容詞多用來表示動詞不定式所具備的特征或客觀情況，意為“對某人來說做某事是……的”。這類形容詞有cheap， dangerous， difficult， easy， exciting， expensive， important， interesting， necessary， possible， useful， wonderful等。如：

It is very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.

對孩子們來說，穿過繁忙的街道很危險。

It’s necessary for you to choose that job.

你選擇那份工作是有必要的。

句型二：It is + adj. + of sb to do sth

該句型中的形容詞多用來描述人的性格或品質(zhì)等，意為“某人做某事真是太……了”。這類形容詞有brave， careless， clever， foolish， good， helpful， honest， kind， nice， polite， silly， wrong等。如：

It’s careless of you to lose so many things.

你丟失這么多東西，真是太粗心了。

It’s very nice of him to offer me a seat.

他給我讓座，真是太好了。

句型三：It is + adj. + to do sth

該句型中的形容詞多用來表達對某一件事的看法，意為“做某事是……的”。當(dāng)敘述眾所周知的事情或沒有必要表示出動詞不定式的邏輯主語時，通常不需要加for / of sb。如：

It is useful to remember lots of words before the exams.

考試前記住很多單詞是有用的。

It is impolite to speak loudly in the library.

在圖書館大聲說話是不禮貌的。

真題回放

1. —（2019·四川·涼山）Is it necessary ______ us ______ some photos before saving the old man？

—Yes， it is. We can protect ourselves if we do so.

A. of; taking B. for; taking

C. of; to take D. for; to take

【答案與解析】D. 句意：“——對我們來說，在救助老人之前有必要拍些照片嗎？——是的，有必要。如果我們這樣做了，就可以保護自己?！北绢}考查“It is + adj. + for sb to do sth”句型。故選D。

2. （2019·內(nèi)蒙古·呼和浩特）It is wise ______ Linda to make up her mind ______ to play an instrument.

A. for; learning B. for; to learn

C. of; learning D. of; to learn

【答案與解析】D. 句意：“琳達下決心學(xué)習(xí)演奏樂器是明智的。”本題考查“It is + adj. + of sb to do sth”句型以及固定搭配make up one’s mind，后面常跟不定式作賓語。故選D。

◎ 鞏固練習(xí)

從A、B、C、D中選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案。

1. It is very important__________us__________enough water every day.

A. for; to drink B. for; drinking

C. of; to drink D. of; drinking

2. When you’re having meals in a western restaurant， it is important__________with your mouth full.

A. to speak B. don’t speak

C. not speak D. not to speak

3. It isn’t wise__________teenagers to be crazy about Korean stars. It is necessary__________them to learn more about Chinese culture.

A. for; of B. of; for

C. of; of D. for; for

4. —It is really__________of you to offer me such useful advice.

—It’s my pleasure. I hope the advice will help you.

A. kind B. brave

C. careless D. generous

5. —Do you think__________is dangerous__________drivers to drive after drinking？

—Of course. That’s the cause of many traffic accidents.

A. that; of B. this; for

C. it; for D. it; of