重點單詞
1. cheer ?v. ?歡呼;喝彩
cheer up (使) 變得更高興;振奮起來
I wrote that song just to cheer myself up.
我寫那首歌只是為了給自己打氣。
cheer ?n. ?歡呼聲;喝彩聲
2. volunteer ?v. ?義務(wù)做;自愿做
n. ?志愿者
volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事
Jack volunteered to carry water.
杰克自愿去運水。
I need one volunteer.
我需要一名志愿者。
3. notice ?n. ?通知;通告;注意
v. ?注意到;意識到
You can put a notice on the newspaper if you want to find an old bike.
如果你想要找一輛舊的自行車,你可以在報紙上登個通告。
notice sb do sth 注意到某人做某事 (全過程)
notice sb doing sth 注意到某人正在做某事
4. lonely ?adj. ?孤獨的;寂寞的
Sam was very lonely when he first moved to New York.
山姆剛搬到紐約時非常寂寞。
辨析:lonely和alone
(1)lonely ?adj. ?孤獨的;寂寞的。指人孤獨的,寂寞的,強調(diào)主觀感受。
(2)alone ?adv. ?獨自地;單獨地。指無人陪伴的客觀事實,不帶感情色彩。
She lives alone and often feels lonely.
她孑然一身,常感到寂寞。
5. several ?pron. ?幾個;數(shù)個;一些
Several boys were injured.
有幾個男孩受傷了。
注意:several只能用來修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。
6. satisfaction ?n. ?滿足;滿意
He gained satisfaction from his work.
他從工作中得到滿足。
satisfy ?v. ?使……滿意,使……滿足
satisfied ?adj. ?滿意的
be satisfied with... 對……滿意
7. raise ?v. ?募集;征集
raise money 籌集資金
We are raising money for charity.
我們在進行慈善募捐。
raise v. 提起;使升高;提高;提出;養(yǎng)育
raise ones hand 舉手 raise crops 種莊稼
raise ones voice 提高嗓音 raise a question 提出問題
8. repair ?v. ?修理;修補
辨析:repair, mend和fix
(1)repair的對象范圍很廣,從房屋、道路、機器到日常生活必需品,是指使受到一定損失或失靈的東西恢復(fù)其形狀或功能。
Who has repaired the broken leg of the table?
誰把桌子的斷腿修好了?
(2)fix指重新“調(diào)”物體的結(jié)構(gòu),把松散的部件固定結(jié)實,將分離的物體的各部分裝配起來。
Can you fix the broken chair?
你能修理那把壞了的椅子嗎?
(3)mend是指恢復(fù)某物原來的樣子 (包括用針、線來縫補),一般指較小之物。
This shirt is too old to mend.
這件衣服太舊不能補了。
9. imagine ?v. ?想象;設(shè)想
用法:imagine + n./imagine (sb) doing sth 想象某物/想象(某人)做某事
I cant imagine life without the children now.
我現(xiàn)在無法想象沒有了孩子們的生活。
I can just imagine him saying that!
我確實能想到他那么說!
10. difficulty ?n. ?困難;難題
She had no difficulty in finding jobs.
她找工作一點也不困難。
difficulty表示抽象意義的“困難”時為不可數(shù)名詞;表示具體的“難題、難事”時為可數(shù)名詞。
have difficulty (in) doing sth=have trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困難
I had no difficulty (in) making myself understood.
我毫不費力地表達了自己的意思。
11. carry ?v. ?拿;提;扛
辨析:bring, take和carry
(1)關(guān)于bring與take
bring 和 take 是一對反義詞。bring 表示從別處把某人或物“帶來”或“拿來”,而 take 則指把某人或物“帶走”或“拿走”。
Please take the empty cup away and bring me a cup of tea.
請把這個空杯子拿走,給我拿杯茶來。
(2)關(guān)于carry
carry指“攜帶;拿;提;扛;抱”,不具體說明來去的方向。
I never carry much money with me.
我身上從不帶很多錢。
She carried her baby in her arms.
她把嬰兒抱在懷里。
12. excited ?adj. ?激動的;興奮的
He was getting excited just thinking about the trip.
一想到那次旅行他就興奮。
be excited about 對……感到興奮
The kids were excited about the holiday.
孩子們對假期興奮不已。
exciting ?adj. ?令人興奮的;令人激動的;刺激的
The race itself is very exciting.
比賽本身非常刺激。
13. interest ?n. ?興趣;關(guān)注
v. ?使感興趣;使關(guān)注
Politics doesnt interest him.
政治引不起他的興趣。
show (an) interest in sth
對……表現(xiàn)出興趣
Do your parents show an interest in your friends?
你的父母有興趣了解你的朋友嗎?
重點短語
1. give out 分發(fā);散發(fā)
give out sth to sb 分某物給某人
Give out your candies to the classmates.
把你的糖果分給同學們。
2. come up with 想出;提出(主意、計劃、回答等)
We werent able to come up with any new suggestions.
我們提不出任何新建議。
catch up with 趕上;追上
3. try out 參加……選拔;試用
She is going to try out for the basketball team.
她準備參加籃球隊的選拔。
try on 試穿
try to do sth 努力做某事
try doing sth 試圖做某事
4. take after (外貌或行為) 像
He takes after his father in being weak-minded.
他優(yōu)柔寡斷,像他爸。
look like 只指在外貌上“與……相像”。
活學活用
1. He was exciting about the party.(單句改錯)
A ? ? ? ?B ? ? ? ? C ( )
2. Several ______ (letter) arrived this morning.
3. She couldnt imagine ______ (live) in a place like that.
4. I have d______ working out the math problem.
5. We have to c______ a lot of books in our school bags
every day.
基本語法
動詞不定式
用法:
1. 作主語
為避免句子頭重腳輕,常用it作形式主語,而真正的主語動詞不定式后置。
常用句型:It+be+adj./n.+(for/of sb) to do sth
Its important to learn English well.
學好英語很重要。
2. 作賓語
動詞want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare常接動詞不定式作賓語。
He decided to leave his hometown.
他決定離開家鄉(xiāng)。
3. 作 (后置) 定語
常用于“have/has+sth+to do”或“enough+名詞+to do”等結(jié)構(gòu)中。
He has nothing to do at home.
他在家沒什么事做。
4. 作賓語補足語
tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語,構(gòu)成tell/ask/want/invite/teach/like/call sb to do sth結(jié)構(gòu)。
注意:動詞不定式作使役動詞和感官動詞的賓語補足語時應(yīng)省去to:“一感 (feel),二聽 (listen to, hear),三讓 (let, make, have),四看 (look at, see, watch, notice),半幫助 (help)”。
5. 作狀語
主要用來修飾動詞,表示目的、結(jié)果或原因。
He got up at 6 oclock to catch the early bus.
他六點起床去趕早班車。