Before reading

Do the “Preparation task” first. Then read the article and do the exercises.

Preparation task

Match the definitions (a~h) with the vocabulary (1~8).

Vocabulary Definition

1. universal a. someone who is a good example and who you look up to

2. nostalgic b. a formal agreement between countries

3. to inspire c. relating to everyone or applicable in all cases

4. a role model d. to care for and protect someone while he's growing

5. to nurture e. to make someone want to do something

6. a right f. in relation to the size of something else

7. proportionately g. remembering the past and wishing you could experience it again

8. a treaty h. something you are morally or legally entitled to

Reading text: Universal Children's Day

What was your childhood like?

Childhood is a universal experience, something every adult across the world has gone through. For many, childhood is a time we are nostalgic for. It's a time of curiosity, imagination, exploration and incredible development. The fact that you are reading this article possibly means that you had a fortunate childhood that shaped you into the motivated adult you are today—here, improving your English skills. But what helped to get you this far? Who inspired you along the way? For many of us, a special adult helped us to learn and grow as children and led us to love learning. For some, it was a great teacher or wise neighbour. Others had parents, grandparents or other relatives who encouraged them to be curious and study hard. Even if your childhood wasn't easy, you probably had at least one inspirational adult in your life who encouraged you and was a role model.

What difficulties do children face?

Unfortunately, not everyone has a good childhood. Proportionately, more children live in poverty than adults. 19.5 percent of the world's children live in extreme poverty, and even though children are only one third of the global population—they are half of the poor. Around the world,many children live without access to clean water,enough food, or decent healthcare. Others live in extremely dangerous places and some are forced to join armies to fight wars they don't understand. Over 120 million children do not attend school and even those who do are not always learning: Two out of five students leave primary school not knowing how to read,write or do basic maths. Even those who may have happy memories of childhood did not necessarily have an easy life as a kid. Children are dependent on the adults in their life for support, and not all adults treat children well.

What's so special about November 20?

Even though every day is, or at least should be, a day to nurture and celebrate, Universal Children's Day is celebrated as a special day around the world on November 20. In 1989 the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child—a 54-item list describing the universal rights of children—was signed. This document came out of the work of a lot of experts and representatives from many nations who met to create a child-specific version of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights that was signed in 1948. The Convention on the Rights of the Child is the most widely and quickly signed treaty in history, meaning it was quickly adopted into the civil codes of most countries around the world.

What are human rights? And what are the rights of a child?

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights says that there are basic rights and freedoms that every human is entitled to, regardless of race, sex, language, religion, or anything else that may divide people.The Rights of the Child recognises that people under the age of 18 have specific needs and are entitled to their own rights. There are four main principles that these rights follow: non-discrimination, the best interests of the child, the right to life, including survival and development, and the right to be heard and taken seriously. According to this, every child has the right to safety, to care, to education, to play, to rest and to know their rights!

What can we do?

The Convention on the Rights of the Child is the world's promise to children that we, the adults, will do everything in our power to protect them, to educate them, and to help them grow. Are you helping keep this promise? There is a lot to be done to make the world a safer and more supportive place for children.The good news is that you're an adult and you have the power to influence the next generation in the most wonderful way. Start by explaining the Rights of the Child to the children in your life. Let them know that they, just like all human beings, have rights. Help a child learn to love learning, so they can become a motivated adult just like you.

Reading Task

Task 1

True（T） or false（F）

（ ）1. Even children who attend school do not always receive a good education.

（ ）2. A happy childhood is not a universal experience.

（ ）3. Not many countries agree with the Convention on the Rights of the Child.

（ ）4. Children have the right to be heard and taken seriously.

（ ）5. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights only applies to people who are not religious.

（ ）6. As adults, we are responsible for supporting the next generation.

Task 2

Complete the sentences with words from the box.

1. Remembering the simplicity of childhood can make you ________for the past.

2. Children need to be looked after and ________to enable them to develop and grow.

3. As a successful adult you are a ________for children who want to be like you.You have the opportunity to ________them to become lifelong learners.

4. Human rights are ________, applicable to everyone in the world.

5. It is important that children know their ________and understand what they are entitled to.

6. The Convention on the Rights of the Child was one of the fastest-signed____________.

Discussion

How did adults inspire you when you were a child?