（潘奕 譯）

1 外景/Exterior view（攝影/Photo: Roland Halbe）

開(kāi)放、簡(jiǎn)潔、可持續(xù)、以人為本，這些關(guān)鍵詞描繪了安娜圖拉工作園區(qū)的新建建筑。

達(dá)姆施塔特市的安娜圖拉工作園區(qū)在可持續(xù)性、材料效率、開(kāi)放性和辦公樓的新工作方式等方面達(dá)到了一個(gè)建筑里程碑。由haascookzemmrich STUDIO2050設(shè)計(jì)的安娜圖拉新總部建筑獨(dú)具特點(diǎn)，例如采用創(chuàng)新的夯土外墻，以及這是世界上第一個(gè)墻身加熱供暖的建成實(shí)例。

這座前美國(guó)陸軍凱利軍營(yíng)所在地的建筑物幾乎不會(huì)讓人聯(lián)想到傳統(tǒng)的辦公大樓，其在3層樓約10,000 m2的空間內(nèi)為500名員工提供了工作場(chǎng)所。

主要的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)從一開(kāi)始就是使建筑物實(shí)現(xiàn)全年自然通風(fēng)，避免頻繁地消耗和維護(hù)暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)。向西的森林為這個(gè)想法提供了理想的條件。

安娜圖拉工作園區(qū)的新鮮空氣被兩個(gè)進(jìn)氣塔吸入地下通道，并在建筑物內(nèi)擴(kuò)散開(kāi)。由接地管道提供的預(yù)調(diào)節(jié)空氣，將加熱和冷卻的額外能源需求降至最低。

安娜圖拉工作園區(qū)的設(shè)計(jì)探索了許多新設(shè)計(jì)方式。規(guī)劃團(tuán)隊(duì)不僅評(píng)估了運(yùn)營(yíng)該建筑所需的能源，還對(duì)其施工、維護(hù)，甚至最終拆除所需的所有資源都進(jìn)行了嚴(yán)格審查，無(wú)一例外。

這種新的整體方法堪稱(chēng)范例，并得到了德國(guó)聯(lián)邦環(huán)境基金會(huì)（DBU）和慕尼黑工業(yè)大學(xué)的資助。安娜圖拉總部大樓的早期設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中就對(duì)能耗進(jìn)行了分析，從而為單個(gè)組件開(kāi)發(fā)了節(jié)能解決方案。

主創(chuàng)團(tuán)隊(duì)與馬丁·勞奇和Transsolar公司一起開(kāi)發(fā)了一種創(chuàng)新的帶有墻熱供暖系統(tǒng)的夯土立面。夯土塊被堆砌在南北外墻上。

生產(chǎn)、加工甚至移除夯實(shí)土塊的過(guò)程中幾乎不會(huì)產(chǎn)生能耗。由于該材料的耐久性及土壤在濕度調(diào)節(jié)和蓄熱能力方面的優(yōu)異性能，該建筑將長(zhǎng)期保持其價(jià)值。由于表面不會(huì)有藻類(lèi)或苔蘚生長(zhǎng)，因此無(wú)需對(duì)立面進(jìn)行清潔之類(lèi)的工作。對(duì)建筑內(nèi)部，多孔表面不僅有助于改善室內(nèi)氣候，而且有助于改善相鄰辦公區(qū)的聲學(xué)性能。□

（潘奕 譯）

Words such as open, simple, sustainable, and people-orientated describes the newly constucted building of Alnatura Arbeitswelt.

Alnatura Arbeitswelt in the city of Darmstadt has reached an architectural milestone in terms of sustainability, material efficiency, openness, and new ways of working in an office building. The building at Alnatura Headquarter, designed by haascookzemmrich STUDIO2050, offers special features such as the use of an innovative rammed-earth fa?ade and it is the first worldwide instance of using geothermal wall heating.

The building on the site of the former USArmy Kelley Barracks hardly brings to mind a conventional office building and offers space for up to 500 employees on three floors with a floor area of approximately 10,000m2.

From the very beginning a key design objective had been to achieve natural ventilation in the building throughout the year and to avoid resource and maintenance intensive HVAC systems. The forest towards west provided ideal conditions for this.

Fresh air for the Alnatura Arbeitswelt is drawn into a subterranean channel by two air intake towers and distributed through the building. Thanks to the pre-conditioned air supplied by the earth duct, the need for additional heating and cooling is reduced to a minimum.

The design of the Alnatura Arbeitswelt explored many new design avenues. Not only did the planning team assess the energy that would be needed to operate the building, they critically reviewed all resources required for its construction, upkeep, and eventual demolition and removal without exception.

This new holistic approach was regarded as exemplary and received funding from the German Federal Environmental Foundation (DBU) and the Technical University of Munich. The analysis of grey energy early on in the design process of the Alnatura Headquarter permitted the development of energy- efficient solutions for individual components.

An innovative rammed earth fa?ade with a geothermal wall heating system was developed together with Martin Rauch and Transsolar. Rammed earth blocks were stacked along the northern and southern fa?ades.

2 中庭/Atrium（攝影/Photo: Roland Halbe）

3 總平面/Site plan

Almost no grey energy is required for the production, processing and potentially removal of rammed earth. Thanks to the durability of the material as well as the excellent properties of loam in terms of humidity regulation and thermal storage capacity, the building will preserve its value over a long period of time. As no algal or mossy growth occurs on the surface no cleaning or similar work needs to be performed on the fa?ade. Inside the building, the porous surfaces help improve not only the indoor climate, but also the acoustic performance of the adjoining office area.□

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

建筑設(shè)計(jì)/Architects: haascookzemmrich STUDIO2050 - Stuttgart

項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理/Project Management: Sinan Tiryaki, Elena Kr?mer, Philip Furtw?ngler

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: Lena G?tze, Yohhei Kawasaki, Eduardo Martín Rodríguez, Eva Engele, Ioannis Siopidis

公共空間規(guī)劃/Open Space Planning: Ramboll Studio Dreiseitl - überlingen

項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理/Project Management: Hendrik Porst, Philipp Feldschmid

規(guī)劃團(tuán)隊(duì)/Planning Team: Christoph Hald, Constantin M?ller

招標(biāo)/Bidding: BGG Grünzig Ingenieurgesellschaft - Bad Homburg

工程監(jiān)理/Project Supervision: Piotr Samson, Florian Schütz, Farina Kuhnis

施工管理/Construction Management: Christoph Teichert夯土/Rammed Earth: Lehm Ton Erde - Schlins, ?sterreich

項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理/Project Management: Martin Rauch, Thomas Honermann

施工管理/Construction Management: Leonar Stieger

結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)/Structural Design: Knippers & Helbig - Stuttgart 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理/Project Management: Dominique Sghair

規(guī)劃團(tuán)隊(duì)/Planning Team: Stefanie Grün

4 剖面/Section

5 首層平面/Ground floor plan

建筑物理/Building Physics: KNP - K?ln

項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理/Project Management: Christoph H?mmerling

能源概念/Energy Concept: Transsolar - Stuttgart

項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理/Project Management: Thomas Auer, Christian Frenzel

消防工程/Fire Protection: Tichelmann & Barillas - Darmstadt

項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理/Project Management: Frank Kramarczyk

暖通管道/Heating, Ventilation and Plumbing: Henne & Walter - Reutlingen

項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理/Project Management: Frank Braun

規(guī)劃團(tuán)隊(duì)/Planning Team: Catherina Rintelmann

施工管理/Construction Management: Enrico Thiemt, Manfred Hempfling

電氣/Electric: Ib.Schwarz - Stuttgart

項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理/Project Management: Philipp Oehlmann

規(guī)劃團(tuán)隊(duì)/Planning Team: Carolina Marquezim, Markus K?ster, Marco Thieme

施工管理/Construction Management: Elvis Avdic

校區(qū)面積/Campus Area: 55,000m2

安娜圖拉工作區(qū)/Alnatura Workplace: 13,500m2

建筑高度/Building Height: 12.5m（檐高/Eaves），18.93m（脊高/Ridge）

建筑尺度（長(zhǎng)×寬）/Building Dimensions (L×W): 94.4m × 41.16m

夯土塊數(shù)量（1m×3.5m）/Number of Rammed Earth Masses (1m×3.5m): 384

蓄水池/Water cistern: 1000m3

地?zé)峋?Geothermal Wells: 19口（82kW）

太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)/PV System: 478m2（90kWp）

自行車(chē)停車(chē)位/Bicycle Parking: 155

攝影/Photos: Roland Halbe

6 二層平面/First floor plan

7 細(xì)部/Detail（攝影/Photo: Roland Halbe）

8 會(huì)議室/Meeting room（攝影/Photo: Roland Halbe）

評(píng)論

藍(lán)冰可：安娜圖拉的新總部建筑，采用高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一體化的綠色建筑設(shè)計(jì)策略，同時(shí)營(yíng)造以人為本、以員工為中心的辦公空間氛圍，很好地詮釋了其崇尚自然可持續(xù)性的企業(yè)形象。一個(gè)能容納500人的縱向連續(xù)的景觀式辦公空間位于建筑的中心，在天井自然采光的沐浴下，促進(jìn)員工間的溝通與互動(dòng)自然而然地發(fā)生，激發(fā)員工的靈感與創(chuàng)造性。而建筑靠近外圍的區(qū)域，則是更加密集但不失靈活性的集中辦公空間。設(shè)計(jì)師利用家具的布置與窗簾隔斷的設(shè)計(jì)為空間進(jìn)行靈活的劃分，以滿(mǎn)足日常工作中對(duì)于不同空間品質(zhì)的多樣化需求，充分體現(xiàn)設(shè)計(jì)師對(duì)于新型工作模式的解讀與回應(yīng)。

葉揚(yáng)：安娜圖拉總部大樓的建筑師，用謙遜到不易察覺(jué)的方式極具創(chuàng)造性地解決了這類(lèi)項(xiàng)目容易出現(xiàn)的困境：一個(gè)大型連通空間如何在為許多人服務(wù)的同時(shí)確保開(kāi)放性與舒適度。設(shè)計(jì)提升了空間品質(zhì)，關(guān)注了人與人在工作中獨(dú)處、交流、交往、共享的需求，光環(huán)境、空氣流通的處理都實(shí)用而怡人。最特別的是，設(shè)計(jì)將材料和結(jié)構(gòu)與熱環(huán)境和節(jié)能結(jié)合在一起進(jìn)行考慮。夯土外墻在環(huán)境中發(fā)揮的作用具有建筑學(xué)意義上的啟發(fā)性。它為更多的城市建筑提供了新的解決方案。

9 中庭連接橋/Atrium connecting bridge（攝影/Photo: Roland Halbe）

Comments

Binke Lenhardt: The Alnatura new headquarter represents the company image with its sustainable strategies in a strong holistic quality, applying high ecological standards in line with an employee centred design approach. An open office landscape for up to 500 employees, extending over a multi-levelled middle sky-lit atrium nurtures natural communication, interaction and enhances creativity. The more concentrated but flexible work zones, defined by furniture and curtains that spread from the atrium to the perimetre of the building provide a wide range of spatial variations for different work dynamics and represent a good model for the future of workspaces.

YE Yang: The dilemma which this type of projects usually faces is how a large-scale continuous space maintains its openness and comfort while meets needs from lots of people. Architects of Alnatura Headquarter solved it through their humble, subtle yet extremely creative approach. The quality of space was upgraded by addressing the requirements of independent work, communication, social connection and sharing among people. Lighting and ventilation utilised are practical and appropriate. It is very unique that the combination of materials and structures considered thermal environment and energy saving. It is architecturally inspiring in that rammed earth external wall plays its role in the environment, which provides a new solution for more urban buildings. (Translated by PANG Lingbo)