湯鳴 俞嘉文 陸晨旭 胡志娟 閆愛民
摘 要: 研究了以摻鐵鈮酸鋰(Fe? ∶ LiNbO3)晶體為記錄介質(zhì)的光折變體的全息記錄和讀出特性.搭建了角度復(fù)用光折變體全息記錄的實(shí)驗(yàn)光路,記錄了光折變?nèi)D.實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了Fe? ∶ LiNbO3晶體的響應(yīng)靈敏度,測量了光折變體全息記錄和讀出的衍射效率,測量了最小角度復(fù)用間隔,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果有助于評估和優(yōu)化角度復(fù)用全息圖的容量.
關(guān)鍵詞: 角度復(fù)用; 摻鐵鈮酸鋰(Fe? ∶ LiNbO3)晶體; 體全息存儲
中圖分類號: O 438.1? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼: A? 文章編號: 10005137(2019)04040006
Abstract: In this paper,the recording and readout characteristics of photorefractive volume hologram were studied by using Fe? ∶ LiNbO3 crystal as the recording medium.The optical experimental setup for angular multiplexing photorefractive volume holographic was constructed in which several photorefractive holograms were recorded.The response sensitivity of Fe? ∶ LiNbO3 crystal was studied by experiment.The diffraction efficiencies of photorefractive volume hologram in holographic recording and readout stage were measured.Besides,the minimum interval in angle multiplexing hologram was measured.The results of those measurements would contribute to evaluate and optimize the capacity of angle multiplexing hologram.
Key words: angular multiplexing hologram; Fe? ∶ LiNbO3 crystal; volume holographic recording
0 引 言
光折變晶體因?yàn)樵谠S多領(lǐng)域,如濾波器、脈沖整形、全息資料存儲和加密等領(lǐng)域中有重要的應(yīng)用而引起人們廣泛的興趣[1-4].鈮酸鋰(LiNbO3)晶體由于具有穩(wěn)定性高、光學(xué)質(zhì)量好和光折變性能顯著等特點(diǎn),而有著非常廣泛的實(shí)際應(yīng)用.在LiNbO3晶體中摻鐵雜質(zhì)可以用來提高信息存儲的靈敏度,所記錄的全息圖對光學(xué)擦除不敏感,有利于復(fù)用體全息的存儲[5].在摻鐵鈮酸鋰(Fe? ∶ LiNbO3)晶體中記錄體全息圖是通過電場誘導(dǎo)空間電荷場導(dǎo)致的折射率調(diào)制產(chǎn)生的,其理論模型和無摻雜的LiNbO3晶體類似.在記錄全息圖時(shí),由兩束交叉相干光照射到晶體上形成干涉條紋.激光激發(fā)陷阱內(nèi)的電子產(chǎn)生自由電子,這些電子因?yàn)殡妶鰞?nèi)漂移或者自由電荷濃度的梯度產(chǎn)生擴(kuò)散,再經(jīng)過激發(fā)、遷移和重新捕獲的過程,產(chǎn)生空間電荷場.調(diào)制的空間電荷場又通過電光效應(yīng)引起折射率的調(diào)制變化,形成折射率位相光柵[6-7].光折變?nèi)⒂涗浭且粋€光場調(diào)制記錄介質(zhì)以及介質(zhì)又反作用于光場的動態(tài)過程,其動力學(xué)過程對于體全息的形成是十分關(guān)鍵的.另一方面,隨著現(xiàn)代社會信息領(lǐng)域的快速發(fā)展,人們需要傳遞或存儲的信息量越來越大,信息的高密度存儲和快速提取是實(shí)際應(yīng)用需要解決的問題之一.多重全息記錄是實(shí)現(xiàn)信息高密度存儲的重要技術(shù)手段,而存儲的容量與存儲晶體的動態(tài)記錄范圍、復(fù)用記錄的方式、同一位置存儲全息圖的最大數(shù)目和每一頁數(shù)據(jù)包含的比特?cái)?shù)等多種因素有關(guān).在實(shí)際的全息數(shù)據(jù)的高密度存儲應(yīng)用中,角度復(fù)用是一種非常有效的全息儲存方式[8-13].而且對于角度復(fù)用的光折變體全息存儲系統(tǒng),衍射效率和角度選擇性是人們在進(jìn)行器件設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)首要考慮的關(guān)鍵問題.
本文作者通過實(shí)驗(yàn)深入研究了弱氧化條件下,摻雜濃度(質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù))為0.15%的Fe? ∶ LiNbO3晶體的光折變體全息動態(tài)過程,用532.0 nm和632.8 nm兩種激光波長記錄了光折變體全息圖,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:Fe? ∶ LiNbO3中記錄的體全息光柵有較高的衍射效率和很好的角度選擇性.
3 結(jié) 論
基于光折變體全息記錄的原理,設(shè)計(jì)并搭建了角度復(fù)用全息記錄光路.實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了波長分別為532.0 nm和632.8 nm的激光在Fe? ∶ LiNbO3晶體中的光折變體全息動態(tài)記錄過程,測量了全息記錄和讀出過程的衍射效率.2種波長的激光所形成的光折變體全息光柵都有很好的角度選擇性,測量了體全息圖的最小復(fù)用角度間隔,使得在全息記錄時(shí)能最大限度地提高信息記錄密度,同時(shí)避免通道間的串?dāng)_噪聲.這些研究有助于在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中針對不同的波長選擇合適的最小復(fù)用角度間隔,進(jìn)行多重角度復(fù)用全息存儲,提高信息存儲密度,能對角度復(fù)用全息存儲器的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)有所幫助.
參考文獻(xiàn):
[1] JONATHAN P M,RAPHAEL A A G.Selfimaging,selfhealing beams generated by photorefractive volume holography [J].Optical Engineering,2015,54(10):104113.
[2] YAN Y,LI Y,HU C,et al.Diffraction of an ultrashort pulsed beam with arbitrary polarization state from multilayer volume holographic grating in LiNbO3 crystals [J].Optik,2013,124(20):4566-4570.
[3] 閻曉娜,趙嘉淵,陳園園,等.利用多層體光柵產(chǎn)生飛秒脈沖串 [J].光學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2017,37(7):0705001.
YAN X N,ZHAO J Y,CHEN Y Y,et al.Generation of femtosecond pulse train by stratified volume holographic grating [J].Acta Optica Sinica,2017,37(7):0705001.
[4] KWAK C H,KIM G,JAVIDI Y B.Volume holographic optical encryption and decryption in photorefractive LiNbO3? ∶ Fe crystal [J].Optics Communications,2019,437(4):95-103.
[5] LIU Y,LIU L.Theoretical investigation of nonvolatile holographic storage in doubly doped lithium niobate crystals [J].Journal of the Optical Society of America B,2002,19(10):2413-2422.
[6] XU D,LU M,JIA C,et al.Angularmultiplexing optical multipleimage encryption based on digital holography and random amplitude mask [J].Journal of Russian Laser Research,2017,38(1):1-9.
[7] TAKEKAWA L M,F(xiàn)URUKAWA S,KITAMURA Y,et al.Anglemultiplexed hologram storage in LiNbO3? ∶ Tb? ∶ Fe [J].Optics Letters,2000,25(18):1337-1339.
[8] UTSUGI T.Holographic scattering in an angularmultiplexed hologram on a photopolymer [J].Applied Optics,2018,57(3):527-537.
[9] CHIANG C S,SHIU M T,WU W H,et al.Multiplehologram recording with onebeam encoding [J].Optics Express,2012,20(7):6897-6904.
[10] FUSTER V N,ORTUNO M,F(xiàn)ERNANDEZ R.Peristrophic multiplexed holograms recorded in a low toxicity photopolymer [J].Optical Materials Express,2017,7(1):133-147.
[11] TAN X,MATOBO O,SHIMURA T,et al.Improvement in holographic storage capacity by use of doublerandom phase encryption [J].Applied Optics,2001,40(26):4721-4727.
[12] ORCID S G,NEIPP C,ESTEPA L A,et al.Volume holograms in photopolymers:comparison between analytical and rigorous theories [J].Materials,2012,5(8):1373-1388.
[13] 孫硯賓,江竹青,李熊,等.LiNbO3? ∶ Ce? ∶ Cu 晶體中全息圖像的雙色復(fù)用記錄 [J].中國激光,2008,35(10):1538-1541.
SUN Y B,JIANG Z Q,LI X,et al.Anglemultiplexed storage of holographic images in LiNbO3? ∶ Ce? ∶ Cu crystal [J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2008,35(10):1538-1541.
[14] KOGELNIK H.Coupled wave theory for thick hologram gratings [J].The Bell System Technical Journal,1969,48(9):2909-2947.
(責(zé)任編輯:顧浩然)