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        云南東南部石山苣苔屬一新種——細管石山苣苔(英文)

        2019-09-10 07:22:44陳力陳文紅郭世偉溫放稅玉民
        廣西植物 2019年5期
        關鍵詞:分類學

        陳力 陳文紅 郭世偉 溫放 稅玉民

        Abstract:The newly refined genus PetrocodonHance (Gesneriaceae), mainly distributed from South China to Southwest China, is comprised of 34 species and one variety. A new species, Petrocodon tenuitubusW. H. Chen, F. Wen & Y. M. Shui, distributed in the limestone region from Maguan County, Yunnan Province, China, is illustrated and described here. The new species is similar to P. lui, P. hispidusand P. jasminiflorus, but it can be easily distinguished from P. luiand P. hispidusby its slender and curved corolla tube, three linear to lanceolate bracts and bracteoles, and one disc-shaped stigma. And it also can be easily distinguished from P. jasminiflorusby its ovate to orbicular leaves, ovate corolla lobes with obtuse apex, bracts and bracteoles 3, and staminodes 1. The discovery of this new species has certain significance for promoting the excavation of the resources of the Gesneriaceae in limestone area of China. The holotype and paratype specimens are deposited in Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (KUN); isotype specimens is deposited in Herbarium of Guangxi Institute of Botany (IBK).

        Key words: flora of Yunnan, limestone cave, new taxon, Petrocodon, taxonomy

        中圖分類號:Q949

        文獻標識碼:A

        文章編號:1000-3142(2019)05-0574-07

        摘 要:最近被重新界定的廣義石山苣苔屬(PetrocodonHance)是苦苣苔科(Gesneriaceae)一個中等大小的屬,我國目前已知的有34種1變種,主要分布于我國華南至西南石灰?guī)r地區(qū)。該文報道了于云南東南部馬關縣發(fā)現(xiàn)的該屬一新種——細管石山苣苔(Petrocodon tenuitubusW. H. Chen, F. Wen & Y. M. Shui)。該新種在形態(tài)上與陸氏細筒苣苔(P. lui)、細筒苣苔(P. hispidus)和長檐苣苔(P. jasminiflorus)相似,但其線形或披針形的苞片和小苞片均為3枚,花冠筒細小且彎曲,盤形柱頭1,很容易區(qū)別于陸氏細筒苣苔和細筒苣苔;而其葉片卵形至圓形,花冠裂片卵形而尖端鈍以及退化雄蕊3,則顯著區(qū)別于長檐苣苔。該新種的發(fā)現(xiàn)對推進我國石灰?guī)r地區(qū)苦苣苔科植物資源的發(fā)掘具有一定意義。主模式標本存放于中國科學院昆明植物研究所標本館(KUN),等模式標本存放于廣西植物研究所標本館(IBK)。

        關鍵詞: 云南植物區(qū)系, 石灰?guī)r洞穴, 新分類群, 石山苣苔屬, 分類學

        1 Introduction

        Genus PetrocodonHance (Gesneriaceae), mainly distributed from South China to Southwest China, is comprised of 34 species and one variety (IPNI 2018). Sixteen species from other eight genera, viz. CalcareoboeaC. Y. Wu ex H. W. Li, DidymocarpusWall., DolicholomaD. Fang & W. T. Wang, LagarosolenW. T. Wang, ParalagarosolenY. G. Wei, PrimulinaHance, TengiaChun and WentsaiboeaD. Fang & D. H. Qin (Liu et al., 2011; Weber et al., 2011; Clark et al., 2013; Xu et al., 2014; Mller et al., 2016), were merged into this genus and 17 new species of genus Petrocodonpublished in the last more than ten years (Wei, 2007; Jiang et al., 2011; Wen et al., 2012; Chen et al., 2014; Hong et al., 2014; Xu et al., 2014; Li & Wang, 2015; Yu et al., 2015; Guo et al., 2016; Cen et al., 2017; Lu et al., 2017a, 2017b; IPNI, 2018; Zhang et al., 2018).

        2 Materials and Methods

        In October 2016, when the surveys about plant diversity were conducted in Maguan County, Yunnan Pro-vince, China, some of authors (YMS, WHC & SWG) collected an unknown species of Petrocodonfrom the limestone area. According to the previous research (Wang, 1984a, 1984b; Pan, 1988; Wang, 1990, 1992; Wang, et al., 1998; Li & Wang, 2004; Wei et al., 2010; Weber et al., 2011; Clark et al., 2013) and the specimens of KUN, PE, IBK, we confirmed that the species was new to science. And its shapes of corolla and curved tube were slightly similar to P. lui(Yan Liu & W. B. Xu) A. Weber & Mich. Mller (Xu et al., 2010; Weber et al., 2011), and its characters of leaf were close toP. hispidus(W. T. Wang) A. Weber & Mich. Mller (Wang, 1984b, 1990; Weber et al., 2011), and its corolla tube and stigma were similar toP. jasminiflorus(D. Fang et W. T. Wang) A. Weber & Mich. Mller (Wang, 1990; Wang et al., 1998; Weber et al., 2011). But it can be distinguished from P. luiby several characters, such as the leaf shape, the number of inflorescences cymes, bracts, bracteoles, and stigma, as well as the indumentum of leaves, inflorescences and flower (Xu et al., 2010), and differs from P. hispidusby the number of inflorescences cymes, bracts, bracteoles and stigma, the shape of calyx, corolla and ovary, as well as the indumentum of inflorescences and flower (Wang, 1984b, 1990; Wang et al., 1998), and differs from P. jasminiflorusby the leaves characteristics, the shape of corolla, the number of bracts, bracteole and staminodes, as well as the indumentum of leaves, inflorescences and flower. Hence, we describe and illustrate it as a new species, P. tenuitubus, endemic to the limeston region in Yunnan Province, Southwest China.

        3 Taxonomy treatment

        Petrocodon tenuitubus W. H. Chen, F. Wen & Y. M. Shui, sp. nov. (Fig. 1-2)

        Type: China, Yunnan Province: Maguan County, Jinchang Community, 104°29′17″ E, 22°46′29″ N, alt. 1 835 m, 29 Oct. 2016, W. H. Chen, S.W. Guoet al., JCL03-011 (holotype, KUN; isotype, IBK).

        Diagnosis: P. tenuitubus is morphologically related toP. lui,P. hispidus andP. jasminiflorus, but it can be easily distinguished from P. lui andP. hispidusby its slender and curved corolla tube, the number of bracts, bracteole and stigma, as well as the indumentum of inflorescences and flower. And it also can be easily distinguished from P. jasminiflorus by its leaves characteristics, the shape of corolla, the number of bracts, bracteole and stami-nodes, as well as the indumentum of leaves, inflorescences and flower.

        Description: Herbs perennial. Rhizomes 1.0-3.0 cm long, 0.8-1.8 cm in diam. Leaves 5-15, basal; petiolate 0.7-3.5 cm, adaxially green, abaxially reddish-brown, strigose. Leaf blade ovate to orbicular, herbaceous, 2.6-6.8 × 2.0-5.1 cm, obtuse at apex, cordate symmetrically or asymmetrically at base, with crenate margin; adaxially deeply green to yellowish green, densely strigose; abaxially yellowish green to reddish-brown, tomentose; lateral veins pinnate 3-6 pairs, impressed adaxially and prominent abaxially, abaxially bristly. Inflorescences, cymes 1-3, axillary, with 7-15 flowers; peduncles 3.0-6.0 cm long, glandular hairs. Bracts 3, linear to lanceolate, 0.4-0.8 × 0.1-0.3 cm, adaxially tomentose; bracteoles 3, linear to lanceolate, 0.2-0.6 × 0.1-0.2 cm across, adaxially tomentose. Pedicel 0.2-0.6 cm long, densely glandular hairs. Calyx 5-lobed near to the base, lobes linear to lanceolate; lobes equal, 0.3-0.5 × ca. 0.1 cm, densely glandular hairs abaxially. Corolla infundibuliform, pale purple to purple, 1.2-3.6 cm long, throat with a yellow laminar; tube slender, curved, slightly longer than limb, 0.7-1.6 cm long, ca. 0.2 cm in diam. at base and ca. 0.1 cm in the middle, 0.6-0.8 cm in diam. at throat, outside and throat glandular hairs and inside glabrous; limb 5-lipped, adaxial lip 2-lobed, narrowly ovate, apex subacute or obtuse, 0.9-1.1 × 0.5-0.6 cm, abaxial lip 3-lobed, ovate, apex obtuse, 1.2-1.5 × 0.6-0.8 cm, outside and inside sparsely glandular hairs. Stamens 2, included, adnate at 3-9 mm above the tube base; filament ca. 1 mm long, white, glabrous; anthers oblong, white, glabrous, ca. 1.0 × 0.8 mm, with longitudinal stripe, dorsifixed, confluent apically. Stami-nodes 3, ca. 0.1 mm long, adnate at 2-8 mm above the corolla tube base. Pistil 4-10 mm long, glandular hairs; ovary ovoid, 1-2 mm long, 1-1.5 mm in diam., glandular hairs; disc ringlike, 0.3 mm; stigma 1, disc-shaped, 0.5-1 mm long. Mature fruit not seen.

        Etymology: The new species is named by the characteristics of the long and thin corolla tubes.

        Vernacular name: Xì Guǎn Shí Shān Jù Tái (細管石山苣苔).

        Distribution, habitat and phenology: The new species, Petrocodon tenuitubus, grows under the cliff with only one population in Maguan County of Southeast Yunnan, China. There are some companion species of the new species, such asSaxifraga mengtzeanaEngl. & Irmsch., Mazus pulchellus Hemsl. ex Forbes & Hemsl., Aleuritopteris pseudofarinosa Ching & S. K. Wu. Flowering period occurs from October to November.

        Paratype: China, Yunnan Province: Maguan County,Jinchang Community,104°29′17″ E,22°46′29″ N,alt. 1 835 m,10 Nov. 2017, S. W. Guoet al., JCL05-002 (KUN).

        4 Discussion

        The genus Petrocodonis endemic to the limestone regions in South China andNorth Vietnam with habitat fragmentation. Several years ago, two species of Petrocodonwere discovered in Maguan County and published (Chen et al., 2014). Like species of Petrocodon, the three species in Maguan county has the fragment and narrow habitat with a small population (Wang, 1984b, 1990; Wang et al., 1998; Xu et al., 2010; Weber et al., 2011).

        The new species grows under the limestone cliff among the non-limestone mountain in the bordering regions between China and Vietnam. The plants with less than 80 individuals grow on rock faces of the limestone cave near to a road. Because the plants grow beside a new road and their habitat can be easily destroyed. We suggest that it should be classified as “Critically Endangered”: CR B1ab (iii)+2ab (iii), after consulting the IUCN red list categories and criteria (IUCN 2012).

        Acknowledgments We have so many thanks to Ms. HONG Mengchen and Mr. XI Huihui in Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences for their help in field surveys.

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