1. offer? ?vt. & vi.（主動）提出（愿意做某事），

自愿給予;提供（東西或機會）

（1）offer sth? ?提出……，提供……

He offered some useful advice.

他提出了一些有益的建議。

（2）offer to do sth? ?主動提出做某事

The kids offered to do the dishes after supper.

孩子們主動要求晚飯后洗盤子。

（3）offer sth to sb = offer sb sth? ?向某人提供某物

They decided to offer the job to Mike.

他們決定把這份工作給邁克。

She kindly offered me a cup of hot chocolate.

她體貼地遞給我一杯熱巧克力。

offer? ?n.? ?主動提議，建議;出價

Thank you for your kind offer of help.

謝謝你的好心幫助。

Ive had an offer of 3，000 dollars for the car.

有人向我出價3000美元買這輛汽車。

2. respect? ?vt.? ?遵守;尊敬，尊重

The teacher asks the students to respect the traffic rules.

老師要求學生們遵守交通規(guī)則。

He respects my opinion on most subjects.

在大多數問題上，他尊重我的意見。

respect sb for...? ?因……尊重某人

She has always been honest with me， and I respect her for that.

她一直對我很誠實，我非常敬重她這一點。

respect? ?n.? ?尊重，尊敬;（事物的）方面，細節(jié)

Everyone has a right to be treated with respect.

人人有權受到尊重。

In this respect we are very fortunate.

在這方面，我們是很幸運的。

（1）have/show respect for sb? ?尊敬某人

I have the greatest respect for your brother.

我非常尊敬你的哥哥。

（2）with respect to sth? ?關于，談到

With respect to your other suggestions， I am not yet able to tell you our decision.

關于你的其他建議，我現在還不能把我們的決定告訴你。

3. direct? ?vt.? ? ? 指揮;導演

adj.? ? 筆直的;直接的

adv.? ?直線地;徑直地

Im lost. Can you direct me to the nearest supermarket？

我迷路了。你能給我指去最近超市的路嗎？

Who directed that new British film？

那部新的英國影片是誰導演的？

My friend took a direct flight from London to New York.

我的朋友搭乘的是從倫敦直飛紐約的航班。

It costs more to fly direct to Paris.

直飛巴黎的航班票價要貴些。

4. earn? ?vt. & vi.? ?掙（錢）;獲得;贏得

Now that youre earning， you should think about buying a house.

既然你開始掙錢了，就該想想買房子的事了。

She has earned a break after all that hard work.

她干完那些苦活后終于得到了一次休息的機會。

Companies must earn a reputation for honesty.

公司必須樹立誠信的聲譽。

earn ones living? ?謀生

earn a fortune? ?掙大錢

5. require? ?vt.? ?需要;規(guī)定;要求

（1）require sth? ?需要……

These pets require a lot of care and attention.

這些寵物需要悉心照顧。

（2）require + that從句

在動詞require后面的賓語從句中，謂語動詞要用“（should+）動詞原形”的虛擬語氣形式。

The manager required that we （should） work all night.

經理要求我們通宵工作。

（3）require sb to do sth? ?要求某人做某事

All candidates will be required to take a short test.

所有候選者都要參加一次簡短的測試。

（4）require doing sth? ?需要做某事

This house requires cleaning.

房子需要打掃了。

6. demand? ?n.? ?要求;需要

Do you think they will give in to the terrorists demands？

你認為他們會對恐怖分子的要求讓步嗎？

There is not much demand for houses of this sort.

人們對這種類型的房屋需求不大。

in （great） demand （非常）需要

Oil is in great demand these days.

目前對石油的需求很大。

注意：

在動詞demand后面的賓語從句中，謂語動詞要用“（should+）動詞原形”的虛擬語氣形式。

The boss demanded that Tom （should） reply within a week.

老板要求湯姆在一周內作出答復。

7. suffer? ?vi.? ?遭受（痛苦）

vt.? ?遭受，蒙受

If the factory closes， the other local businesses will suffer too.

這家工廠如果倒閉，當地的其他企業(yè)也要遭受損失。

She suffers from headaches.

她患頭痛病。

He suffered a massive heart attack.

他有很嚴重的心臟病。

8. double? ?vi. & vt.? ?加倍，是……的兩倍

n.? ?兩倍，兩倍數

adj.? ?兩倍的;成雙的;供兩者用的

Membership almost doubled within two years.

兩年內會員數目幾乎翻了一番。

They doubled their output with the new machine.

他們使用這種新機器使產量提高了一倍。

He gets paid double for doing the same job as I do.

他與我做同樣的工作，但報酬卻比我多一倍。

They bought a new double bed yesterday.

昨天他們買了張新的雙人床。

9. in particular? ?尤其;特別

He loves science fiction in particular.

他特別喜愛科幻小說。

Peter was lying on the sofa doing nothing in particular.

彼得躺在沙發(fā)上無所事事。

be particular about/over...? ?對……極為挑剔/講究

She is very particular about her clothes.

她對衣著特別挑剔。

Chuck is too particular over what he eats and drinks.

查克對于他的飲食太講究了。

10. in theory? ?理論上;從理論上來說

in practice? ?實際上;在實踐中

In theory the train should arrive at 8， but in practice it is quite often late.

在理論上火車應該八點到達，但實際上它經常晚點。

11. take... for granted? ?以為……理所當然

I took it for granted that youd wanted to come with us， so I bought you a ticket.

我認為你想同我們一起去是理所當然的，所以給你買了一張票。

Her brother was always around and she just took him for granted.

她哥哥隨時都在她身邊，她只是認為他理應如此。

12. have an effect on? ?對……產生影響

The medicine has a good effect on me.

這種藥對我有很好的療效。

These advertisements didnt have much effect on sales.

這些廣告對銷售額沒起到多大作用。

come into effect? ?生效，開始實施

bring/put sth into effect? ?使生效;實行

take effect? ?開始起作用，見效

13. in response to? ?作為……的回應

The product was developed in response to customers demand.

這種產品是為了滿足顧客的需要而開發(fā)的。

She opened the door in response to the knock.

聽到敲門聲后，她便打開了門。

（1）make no response? ?不回答;無反應

He made no response to my inquiry.

他對我的詢問未予回答。

（2）respond to? ?回答;反應

How did they respond to the news？

他們對這則消息有什么反應？