1. hate? vt.? 討厭;不喜歡

（1）hate sth/sb? 討厭、憎恨某物/人

I hate Friday mornings.? 我討厭星期五早晨。

（2）hate doing sth? 討厭做某事（習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作）

Paul hates making mistakes.? 保羅討厭出錯(cuò)。

（3）hate to do sth? 不想 / 不愿做某事（通常指一次性或特定的動(dòng)作）

He hates to think what would have happened if he hadnt called the police.

他不愿想如果他沒有報(bào)警會(huì)發(fā)生什么事。

2. avoid? vt.? （故意）避開

avoid后可接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)，也可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，但是不能接不定式作賓語(yǔ)。

You should avoid such mistakes.

你應(yīng)當(dāng)避免這樣的錯(cuò)誤。

I realized he was trying to avoid the topic.

我意識(shí)到他是在設(shè)法避開這個(gè)話題。

正：He avoided answering my questions.

誤：He avoided to answer my questions.

正：It was impossible to avoid being affected.

誤：It was impossible to avoid to be affected.

3. admit? vt.? 承認(rèn);招認(rèn);招供（常指不情愿地承認(rèn)

某事屬實(shí)）

常用搭配：

（1）admit to sth/admit to doing sth? 承認(rèn)、招供（做）某事

He refused to admit to the other charges.

他拒不承認(rèn)其他指控。

Tom admitted to having stolen the car.

湯姆供認(rèn)偷了那輛車。

（2）admit + that 從句 承認(rèn)……

I admitted that I was late for work.

我承認(rèn)我上班遲到了。

4. wave? v.? 揮（手）;招（手）

（1）wave at/to sb? 向某人揮手

Tom waved to us as he came across the field.

湯姆穿過田地時(shí)朝我們揮手。

（2）wave sth （at sb）? （向某人）搖晃某物

A boy waved some flowers at his mother.

一個(gè)男孩對(duì)他的母親揮舞著一些花。

5. respect? vt. & n.? 尊重;尊敬

（1）respect sb/sth （for sth） 尊重、尊敬某人/物（的……）

She has always been honest with me， and I respect her for that.

她一直對(duì)我很誠(chéng)實(shí)。我非常敬重她這一點(diǎn)。

The president is expected to respect the constitution.

人們期望總統(tǒng)尊重憲法。

（2）have/show respect for sb/sth? 對(duì)……尊敬 / 尊重

The students have great respect for their history teacher.

學(xué)生們非常尊敬他們的歷史老師。

He shows no respect for her feelings.

他不尊重她的感受。

respectful? adj.? 恭敬的;表示敬意的

respectable? adj.? 值得尊敬的;規(guī)矩的;體面的

The woman kept a respectful silence.

那位婦人恭敬地保持著沉默。

Its not respectable to be drunk in the street.

在大街上醉倒是不體面的。

6. appreciate? vt.? 感激

（1）appreciate后可接名（代）詞、動(dòng)名詞、名詞性從句等作賓語(yǔ)，但不能接不定式。

We shall appreciate hearing from you again.

能再次收到你的來信，我們將十分感激。

I appreciate that you have come here so early.

感謝你來得這么早。

（2）appreciate習(xí)慣上不用“人”作賓語(yǔ)，其后只能接“事”作賓語(yǔ)。（注意：這與thank 的用法恰恰相反）

正：I appreciate your kindness.

誤：I appreciate you for your kindness.

正：He thanked her for her kindness.

誤：He thanked her kindness.

（3）appreciate后接if 或when從句時(shí)習(xí)慣上要先接it，而不直接跟if或when引導(dǎo)的從句。

I would appreciate it if you would help me with it.

如果你能幫助我做這事，我會(huì)十分感激。

We really appreciate it when she offered to help.

她來幫忙了，我們十分感激。

（4）表示感激的程度，可用deeply， highly， （very） much等副詞修飾。

I deeply appreciate your kindness.

我深深感謝你的好意。

He highly appreciated their help.

他非常感謝他們的幫助。

注意：當(dāng)much修飾appreciate時(shí)，只能置于其前，而不能置于其后，但very much卻可以。如：

正：We much appreciate your invitation.

正：We appreciate your invitation very much.

誤：We appreciate your invitation much.

7. amusing? adj.? 有趣的;可笑的

I didnt find the joke amusing at all.

我認(rèn)為這個(gè)笑話一點(diǎn)也不好笑。

amuse? v.? 逗笑;逗樂

It amused him to think that they were probably talking about him at that very moment.

想到這會(huì)兒他們大概在談?wù)撍?，他不禁笑了起來?/p>

amused? adj.? 逗樂的;覺得好笑的

常用搭配：amused at/by sth 被……逗笑

We are all amused at his stories.

我們都被他的故事逗笑了。

8. impression? n.? 印象

I have the impression that Ive seen that man before.

我覺得我以前見過那個(gè)人。

She made a good impression on the people.

她給人們留下了一個(gè)好印象。

常用搭配：

have a（n）... impression of sb/sth? 對(duì)某人 / 某物有……的印象

make a（n）... impression on sb? 給某人留下……的印象

impressive? adj.? 令人贊嘆的;令人敬佩的

9. immediately? adv.? 立即;即刻

conj.? 一……就……

Cook the mixture for ten minutes and serve immediately.

將混合物烹調(diào)10分鐘后馬上上桌。

On hearing the news， John cried immediately.

一聽到這個(gè)消息，約翰馬上就哭了。

Immediately shed gone， I remembered her name.

她剛走開，我就想起了她的名字。

10. loudly? adv.? 大聲地

She didnt speak loudly because she was so shy.

她說話聲不大，因?yàn)樗芎π摺?/p>

He called out loudly for assistance without moving.

他不敢移動(dòng)，大聲求援。

比較：loudly和loud的區(qū)別

loud表示“大聲;響亮”，可用作形容詞或副詞。

（1）用作形容詞。

He has a loud voice.

他嗓門大。

The music is too loud; please turn it down.

這音樂太吵了，請(qǐng)把音量關(guān)小一點(diǎn)。

（2）用作副詞（與loudly同義），一般只與動(dòng)詞speak， talk， laugh， sing等連用，且必須放在這些動(dòng)詞之后。

I cant hear you. Please speak louder.

我聽不見，請(qǐng)說大聲些。

（3）loudly只用作副詞（與用作副詞的loud同義）。

Dont talk so loudly （loud）.

別這么大聲講話。

注意：loudly比用作副詞的loud使用范圍更廣。它除了與 speak，talk，laugh等動(dòng)詞連用外，還可與其他表示聲響的動(dòng)詞連用，且可以放在這些動(dòng)詞之前或之后。

The man snored loudly.

這個(gè)人鼾聲如雷。

He heard a cock loudly crow.

他聽見公雞大聲啼叫。

（4）另外，在用于比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)時(shí)，通常用loud，而不用loudly。

Who laughed loudest？

誰(shuí)笑的聲音最大？

11. fall asleep? 睡著

Because I am tired， I fall asleep quickly.

因?yàn)槲液芷?，很快就睡著了?/p>

The soft music caused us to fall asleep.

輕柔的音樂使我們睡著了。

比較：be asleep與fall asleep的區(qū)別

fall asleep表動(dòng)作，意為“剛剛?cè)胨?，指“剛睡著”這一動(dòng)作。be asleep表狀態(tài)，意為“睡著的”。

He fell asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.

他剛睡著，這時(shí)有人大聲敲門。

The baby has been asleep for an hour.

這孩子睡了一個(gè)小時(shí)了。

注意：go/get to sleep和fall asleep意思接近，都指“入睡，睡著”。 go/get to sleep強(qiáng)調(diào)進(jìn)入睡眠狀態(tài)，常用于否定句、疑問句、條件句中。go to bed著重指上床睡覺的動(dòng)作，無(wú)“睡著”之意。go to bed在前，然后才go/get to sleep或fall asleep。

12. as a result （of ）? （由于……的）結(jié)果

As a result， he had to leave.

結(jié)果，他只得離開。

As a result of the car accident， he was late for school.

由于這起車禍，他上學(xué)遲到了。

13. so that? 以便;因此

I will give you all the facts so that you can judge for yourself.

我會(huì)給你所有的事實(shí)以便你可以自己判斷。

Everyone lent a hand， so that the work was finished ahead of schedule.

每個(gè)人都幫了忙，因此工作提前完成了。