1 公共設(shè)施入口/Entry to common public facilities

2 食品零售和卡車設(shè)施/Tuck shop and truck facilities

重新定義衛(wèi)生間

我們誰(shuí)沒(méi)有過(guò)在想到上公共廁所時(shí)心中一顫？或是擔(dān)心在長(zhǎng)途跋涉時(shí)找不到廁所？

印度的貿(mào)易和交通在很大程度上都有賴于卡車和卡車司機(jī)，而從事這種職業(yè)的人數(shù)在迅速下降，因?yàn)槿狈Ρ憷O(shè)施，又責(zé)任重大。如今，卡車司機(jī)在長(zhǎng)途駕駛中很少、甚至沒(méi)有衛(wèi)生間或休息站；即使有也不過(guò)只是一間廁所。從這個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)看，“休憩室”就是為孟買-果阿高速公路上不同年齡群的各類長(zhǎng)途旅客設(shè)計(jì)的。

“休憩室”的提出：不只是公共廁所

“休憩室”不只是公共廁所，它是個(gè)具備一系列服務(wù)長(zhǎng)途卡車司機(jī)設(shè)施的小園區(qū)。這個(gè)建筑群有多個(gè)出入口，為不同的用戶群提供了不同的設(shè)施。主入口以一個(gè)凹涼廊為中心，面向女性、老人和殘障人士，這樣就無(wú)需深入建筑內(nèi)部即可使用這些設(shè)施。女廁有4個(gè)廁位、護(hù)理站、衛(wèi)生巾銷售機(jī)和洗手盆。

右手側(cè)的路通向男廁，那里有洗手區(qū)、4個(gè)廁位和8個(gè)小便斗——其中一個(gè)是為兒童設(shè)計(jì)的。

正立面的中心是卡車司機(jī)的便利店，那里有存取款和交易設(shè)施。通往卡車司機(jī)區(qū)的入口在最左端，那里有零食店、理發(fā)店、兩個(gè)印式廁所、餐食間和專用的洗衣和烘干室等便利設(shè)施。所有這些都是圍著一個(gè)敞亭布置的，那是放松娛樂(lè)的休閑空間。

設(shè)計(jì)理念

“休憩室”的構(gòu)思是以兩個(gè)理念為基礎(chǔ)的。

（1）色彩理念——汲取其他公共設(shè)施上的靈感，比如倫敦著名的電話亭、郵筒和公交車均為紅色，“休憩室”也涂上相同的顏色，讓路過(guò)的人一眼就能看到這個(gè)公共設(shè)施。

（2）自然采光通風(fēng)——自然采光通風(fēng)有助于為各空間提供照明，并使廁所快速干燥。這個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的手法使建筑的外墻超出外梁邊線，并讓空間向天空和陽(yáng)光敞開。這些露天的凹空間將用于設(shè)置植物和設(shè)備，并提供采光通風(fēng)。

光線在公共空間中具有極為重要的作用，因?yàn)椴晒馔L(fēng)良好的公共空間會(huì)給女性創(chuàng)造安全感。

結(jié)構(gòu)與材料組合

主建筑由磚和混凝土設(shè)計(jì)而成，外墻為紅色耐候涂料抹灰面。邊緣的涼廊用50mm×50mm的箱形鋼梁柱建成，屋頂為纖維水泥板。這些涼廊被作為流通空間，延伸了休閑空間，在某些情況下又是凹廊。涼廊尺度的變化讓人能在不同的尺度上交流，有時(shí)是群體的、有時(shí)是個(gè)人的。

易于維護(hù)、使用可靠，成為在這些空間中選擇材料的基本理念。廁所內(nèi)的墻有耐候涂料，因此便于清洗。室內(nèi)地面設(shè)計(jì)為大塊花崗巖板，以盡量減少接口，并提高耐久度。室外地面為科塔石，既有磨光的也有糙面的。

通向各個(gè)空間的門是為不同活動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)的。大門為穿孔金屬板，讓更大的空間保持空氣流通，通往廁所空間的門為實(shí)板，以保證私密性，并涂有車用漆，便于清潔。

傳達(dá)設(shè)計(jì)

傳達(dá)設(shè)計(jì)會(huì)使公共設(shè)施更加易用。“休憩室”從高速公路上500m外就有標(biāo)識(shí)，主入口、各個(gè)區(qū)以及每個(gè)設(shè)施的門上都有標(biāo)識(shí)。所有的標(biāo)識(shí)都用兩種語(yǔ)言設(shè)計(jì)，便于本地人和卡車司機(jī)識(shí)別?！酰ㄉ袝x 譯）

Redefining restrooms

Who among us has not felt horrified by the thought of using a public toilet? Or the lack of one during long road trips?

India's trade and transportation relies heavily on trucks and truck drivers, a profession that has seen a rapid decline in numbers, due to negligible amenities and excessive responsibilities. At present,truck drivers have little to no restrooms or pit-stops during long distance journeys; and the ones available are rarely more than a toilet. Looking at this data,Pause is designed for long distance travellers of all kinds and age groups on the Mumbai-Goa Highway.

Introducing Pause: more than just a public toilet

Pause is not just a public toilet. It is a campus that hosts an array of facilities that serve long distance truck drivers. The cluster has several access points, defining separate facilities for separate user groups. The main entry focuses on a verandah niche for women, senior citizen and the differentlyabled, so that one does not have to go deep into the complex to access the facilities. The women's section has 4 toilet cubicles, a nursing station, a sanitary napkin vending machine and wash basins.

On the right hand side is a passage leading to the men's zone, with a wash basin area, 4 toilet cubicles and 8 urinals - out of which one is designed for kids.

In the centre of the front fa?ade is the Suvidha Kendra for truck drivers (convenience centre) that has banking and transaction facilities. The entry to the truck drivers section is to the extreme left that has amenities like a tuck shop, a hair cutting salon,two Indian-style toilets, a pantry and a designated space for washing and drying clothes. All these amenities are arranged around an open pavilion that is a recreational space for resting and entertainment.

Design principle

Pause is conceived based on two principles

(1) The idea of colour - taking cues from other public utilities, including London's famous telephone booths, post boxes and buses, all coloured in red, Pause is painted in the same colour to allow passersby to quickly identify its public facilities.

4 看向卡車司機(jī)入口/Looking towards truck drivers entry

5 側(cè)立面/Side fa?ade

(2) Natural light and ventilation - natural light and ventilation helps to lit the spaces and allows drying the toilet quickly. A simple architectural move that pushes the external wall of the building beyond the line of the external beam opens up the space to the sky and light. These open to sky niches are then used for plants, fixtures and for light and ventilation.

Light plays an extremely important role in public spaces as women feel safe in well-lit and well ventilated public spaces.

The structure and material palette

The main building is conceived in brick and concrete with external walls as plastered surfaces and weather shield red paint. The edge verandahs are built in 50mm × 50mm M.S box columns and beams with shera board roofing on top. These Verandahs are read as circulation spaces, extension to recreational space and in some cases as pocket verandahs. The variation in scale of the verandahs allows interaction between people at different scales,at times collectively or between individuals.

Ease of maintenance and the robust use formed to be the guiding principles for material selection inside the spaces. The walls inside the toilets are painted in weather shield paint so it is easy to clean and wash. Inside Flooring is conceived as large granite slabs to minimise the joints and increase the durability. The outside flooring is kota stone which is a combination of polished and rough finish.

The doors to various spaces are designed based on the activities. The main door is conceived in perforated metal so that the broader spaces are constantly breathing and door to toilet spaces are in solid block board for privacy and are painted with automotive paint so they can be cleaned easily.

Communication design

Communication design enhances the accessibility to the public utilities. At Pause there are signages starting from the highway at a distance of 500m from the location, then at the main entry point, then at the individual zones and then on each door that houses each facility. All signages are designed in two languages so that it is easy for the locals as well as truck drivers to understand and communicate.□

6 首層平面及公共空間分析圖/Ground floor plan with public space diagram

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

建筑類型/Type: 洗手間與便民中心/Restrooms and Convenience Centre

地點(diǎn)/Location: 印度馬哈拉施特拉邦卡納拉鳥類保護(hù)區(qū)北側(cè)，孟買果阿高速公路邊/Side of Mumbai-Goa highway,north of Karnala Bird Sanctuary, Maharashtra, India

主持建筑師/Principal Architect: 羅漢·恰范/Rohan Chavan實(shí)習(xí)建筑師/Intern Architect: Prateek Malewar

商標(biāo)與傳達(dá)設(shè)計(jì)/Branding and Communication Design:Monish Ganesan and Riddhi Parikh

承建/Contractor: Shelke

場(chǎng)地面積/Site Area: 230m2

建筑面積/Built Up Area: 152m2

項(xiàng)目面積/Project Area: 155m2

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Period: 2017.11-2018.05

竣工時(shí)間/Completion Time: 2018

攝影/Photos: Hemant Patil

7 剖面A-A/Section A-A

8 小便池處光線質(zhì)量/Urinal Light quality

9 回看男廁前廳/Male toilet lobby back

10 女廁/Female toilet

11 休閑空間/Recreational area

評(píng)論

唐勇：此高速公路衛(wèi)生間是一處很有特色的小型綜合服務(wù)中心,其功能設(shè)置在如廁空間的基礎(chǔ)上增設(shè)了食品店、理發(fā)店、休息、淋浴、洗衣烘干室等多類型服務(wù)功能，這將為長(zhǎng)途路上的司機(jī)和旅客帶來(lái)諸多便利。建筑在結(jié)構(gòu)上表達(dá)清晰，磚砌圍合如廁私密空間，外圍則巧妙地利用細(xì)方鋼框架結(jié)構(gòu)形成敞開式靈活功能空間，凳椅家具、花壇等也用建筑化的手法表達(dá)，尤其色彩和標(biāo)志的大膽運(yùn)用，可以看出設(shè)計(jì)師在此項(xiàng)目中非常成熟的整體設(shè)計(jì)思維和服務(wù)性設(shè)計(jì)模式。也可以稱之為高速路邊的特色“驛站”。

鐘喬：作為為長(zhǎng)途車司機(jī)這樣的特定人群設(shè)計(jì)的便捷服務(wù)設(shè)施，項(xiàng)目的落地性和可復(fù)制建設(shè)性都很強(qiáng)，紅色提供了建筑統(tǒng)一的識(shí)別標(biāo)識(shí)，但建筑同時(shí)又因其跟地域環(huán)境結(jié)合緊密而顯現(xiàn)出各自不同的明顯特征?？梢韵胂螽?dāng)建筑與樹林的結(jié)合，與山體的結(jié)合，與不同村落的結(jié)合，都會(huì)因地制宜地顯現(xiàn)各自的獨(dú)特魅力。另外，完善而貼心的混合功能給這個(gè)特殊的行業(yè)群體創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)化的移動(dòng)的聚集交流場(chǎng)所，為他們提供的不僅僅是體能上的休息，更是精神上的交流與慰籍。

12 美容中心/Grooming centre

Comments

TANG Yong: The Pause Restrooms on the Mumbai-Goa highway is a characteristically smallscale integrated service centre. In addition to the toilet facilities, it also provides a tuck shop,a grooming centre, washing/bathing areas, seating, laundry rooms and much more, ffiering numerous convenient services to the drivers and passengers. This architecture is structurally well articulated with enclosed private space in the centre. The outer layer forms a range of open and flexible functional areas which derive from its steel frame structure. The public furniture and flower beds are also designed to express the same architectural details, especially through bold colour and signage design. The architect has embedded a sophisticated design throughout this project as well as a human approach for providing services. This building can be seen as portraying "Yam" along the highway. (Translated by Jue Chen)

ZHONG Qiao: As a convenient service facility particularly designed for coach drivers, the project is very practical as well as replicable. The red colour provides the buildings with a recognisable standard mark, while due to closely related to the environment, each building shows their distinct characteristics. It can be imagined that when the project is associated with the woods, the mountain, and different villages, it will respectively present diverse attractiveness according to local conditions. Besides, the completed and thoughtful multifunction facility creates a networked and mobile gathering place for this special group of people - it is a place for not only physical rest, but also spiritual exchange and consolation. (Translated by PANG Lingbo)