法國(guó)巴黎第19區(qū)

項(xiàng)目情況：邀請(qǐng)競(jìng)賽2008年，開工2009年，竣工2012年

項(xiàng)目類型：（學(xué)生）公寓工作室、公共空間、就餐區(qū)、

生活空間、儲(chǔ)藏空間

建設(shè)單位：Regie Immobiliere de la Ville de Paris

建筑面積：場(chǎng)地1 981平方米，工作室大小35平方米，

建筑物931平方米，總建筑面積8 500平

方米，景觀1 050平方米

建設(shè)成本：175萬歐元

攝影：Tomaz Gregoric

Status: invited competition 2008, construction start 2009, completion 2012

Program: (student) apartment studios, common spaces, dining area,

living space, storage

Client: Regie Immobiliere de la Ville de Paris

Area: site 1981 m2; size of studios 35 m2; building 931 m2;

gross floor area 8500 m2; landscape 1050 m2

Dimensions: 29,20 m max height

Budget: 17.5 M €

Photo: Tomaz Gregoric

建筑位于巴黎19區(qū) Parc La Vilette 邊角位置的一塊極為狹長(zhǎng)的場(chǎng)地上，是由 Reichen 和 Robert 建筑師完成的城市開發(fā)項(xiàng)目。場(chǎng)地的東北角，新的巴黎有軌電車正呼嘯而過。該場(chǎng)地臨近東北方向的電車停車場(chǎng)，上方是一個(gè)足球場(chǎng)。公寓的一至三層與電車停車場(chǎng)共用墻壁。

狹長(zhǎng)體量的建筑被分為兩個(gè)部分并由一座廊橋聯(lián)系起來。兩部分之間是一座花園。建筑共11層：地下室作為設(shè)備用房，一層是公共空間，上面九層都作為學(xué)生公寓。布局非常理性和模塊化。項(xiàng)目的主要目的是為學(xué)生提供利于學(xué)習(xí)和交流的健康環(huán)境。沿足球場(chǎng)邊是一個(gè)開放式的走廊和畫廊，可以俯瞰球場(chǎng)或是遠(yuǎn)眺城市景觀和埃菲爾鐵塔。這個(gè)畫廊是通往公寓的通道，為學(xué)生提供了一個(gè)公共場(chǎng)所。所有工作室都是同樣的尺度和同樣優(yōu)化的設(shè)計(jì)施工元素：包括入口、浴室、衣柜、小廚房、工作區(qū)和床鋪。每套公寓皆配有俯瞰街景的陽臺(tái)。

10層樓高的狹長(zhǎng)建筑很有存在感。根據(jù)功能需要每個(gè)體量都含有兩個(gè)不同的立面：朝向佩蒂蓬特街的高處包含了不同尺度室外陽臺(tái)的立面用HPL木條做外皮。陽臺(tái)體量隨機(jī)變化，使外立面豐富并且具有韻律感。變化的籃子外觀創(chuàng)造了具有活力的外立面并打破了建筑的規(guī)模和比例感。面向球場(chǎng)的立面包含一條開放的走廊，從工作室入口通向3D金屬網(wǎng)。兩個(gè)建筑體量在二樓由一個(gè)走廊連接，同時(shí)也是一個(gè)向?qū)W生開放的公共空間。

該建筑是節(jié)能的，以滿足巴黎可持續(xù)發(fā)展的愿望。節(jié)能目標(biāo)是將未來的住房消耗降低至50千瓦時(shí)/平方米或更少。通過將重點(diǎn)放在一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單、絕緣良好、通風(fēng)良好、全年運(yùn)行最佳的物體上，達(dá)到了能源性能和施工時(shí)間表的目標(biāo)。住宿是相互通風(fēng)的，并允許整個(gè)公寓有充足的自然采光。外部走廊和玻璃樓梯也促進(jìn)了公共循環(huán)中的自然采光，在提供能量的同時(shí)也創(chuàng)造了舒適和照明良好的社交空間。建筑物與外界絕緣，絕緣厚度為20厘米。在走廊地板和陽臺(tái)上使用熱橋斷路器以避免熱橋。通風(fēng)由雙流式機(jī)械通風(fēng)控制，為每戶公寓提供全年最佳溫度的潔凈空氣。進(jìn)入的空氣也會(huì)重新利用排氣中的熱量。屋頂覆蓋著300平方米的光伏板用來發(fā)電。雨水在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)收集在一個(gè)用于澆灌室外綠地的水池中。

The project is located on a long and very narrow site, on the edge of Parc La Vilette in Paris’s 19th district, within an urban development done by Reichen & Robert architects. On the northeast, new Paris tram route is passing along the site. The site is bordering with tram garage on the southwest, above which is a football field. The first 3 floors share the wall with the tram garage.

The long volume of the building is divided into two parts connected with a narrow bridge. Between two volumes there is a garden. The building has 11 floors: a technical space in the basement, shared programs in the ground floor, and student apartments in the upper nine floors. The layout is very rational and modular.

The major objective of the project was to provide students with a healthy environment for studying,learning and meeting. Along the length of the football field is an open corridor and gallery that overlooks the field and creates a view to the city and the Eiffel tower. This gallery is an access to the apartments providing students with a common place. All the studios are the same size and contain the same elements to optimize design and construction: an entrance, bathroom, wardrobe, kitchenette, working space and a bed. Each apartment has a balcony overlooking the street.

Narrow length of the plot with 10 floors gives to site a significant presence. Each volume contains two different faces according to the function and program: The elevation towards the street des Petits Ponts contains studio balconies-baskets of different sizes made from HPL timber stripes. They are randomly oriented to diversify the views and rhythm of the fa?ade. Shifted baskets create a dynamic surface while also breaking down the scale and proportion of the building. The elevation towards the football field has an open passage walkway with studio entrances enclosed with a 3D metal mesh. Both volumes are connected on the first floor with a narrow bridge which is also an open common space for students.

The building is energy efficient to accommodate the desires of Paris' sustainable development efforts.The Plan Climates goal is that future housing will consume 50KW-h.m.2 or less. The objectives of energy performance and the construction timetable were met by focusing on a simple, well insulated and ventilated object that functions at its best year round. Accommodations are cross ventilating and allow abundant day lighting throughout the apartment. External corridors and glass staircases also promote natural lighting in the common circulation, affording energy while also creating comfortable and well lit social spaces. The building is insulated from the outside with an insulation thickness of 20 cm. Thermal bridge breakers are used on corridor floors and balconies to avoid thermal bridges. Ventilation is controlled by double flow mechanical ventilation, providing clean air in every apartment with an optimum temperature throughout the year. The incoming air also reuses heat from the exhaust air. The roof is covered with 300m2 of photovoltaic panels to generate electricity. Rainwater is harvested on site in a basin pool used for watering outdoor green spaces.