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        如何寫(xiě)旅游記事:我的拉薩之旅

        2019-04-26 07:23:36四川雙流中學(xué)蔣建平
        瘋狂英語(yǔ)·新讀寫(xiě) 2019年4期
        關(guān)鍵詞:詞匯旅游

        四川雙流中學(xué) 蔣建平

        【話(huà)題點(diǎn)睛】

        隨著我國(guó)人們生活水平的不斷提高,交通運(yùn)輸越來(lái)越便利,在國(guó)際上的聲望越來(lái)越高,到中國(guó)來(lái)的外國(guó)游客越來(lái)越多,而中國(guó)人到外國(guó)去旅游觀光的也越來(lái)越多。旅游觀光已經(jīng)是現(xiàn)代生活中不可缺少的一部分。

        【話(huà)題詞匯導(dǎo)練】

        Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯整合(明其義)

        交通方式與工具:

        1.airplane飛機(jī)

        2.ambulance救護(hù)車(chē)

        3.freeway/motorway/expressway高速公路

        4.railway鐵路

        5.D-series High-speed Train動(dòng)車(chē)

        6.CRH(China Railway High-speed)/G-series Highspeed Train高鐵

        7.walk/on foot走路;步行

        8.ride a bike/by bike騎自行車(chē)

        9.drive a car/by car開(kāi)車(chē)

        10.take a bus/by bus乘公共汽車(chē)

        11.take a taxi/by taxi乘出租車(chē);打的

        12.by boat/ship/water/sea坐船;走水路

        13.transfer(在旅途中)轉(zhuǎn)乘、換乘

        交通狀況:

        14.crash碰撞;撞擊

        15.crowded擁擠的

        16.be/get stuck/trapped in被困在……

        17.safety first安全第一

        18.traffic light交通信號(hào)燈

        19.traffic rules/regulations交通規(guī)則

        20.keep left/right靠左/靠右

        21.crossroad/crossing十字路口

        22.wait until the green light等到綠燈再走

        23.traffic jam 交通堵塞

        24.traffic accident交通事故

        問(wèn)路與指路:

        25.It's about five minutes'walk.走路約五分鐘。

        26.Take bus No.2 and get off at the next stop.坐2路車(chē),在下一站下車(chē)。

        27.Turn right at the second turning./Take the second turning on the right.在第二個(gè)拐彎處右轉(zhuǎn)。

        28.Go/Walk down/along the road and turn right.You'll see the post office.沿著這條路走,再向右轉(zhuǎn),你就會(huì)看到郵局。

        旅程描述:

        29.voyage航海;航行

        30.adventure冒險(xiǎn);奇遇

        31.destination目的地;終點(diǎn)

        32.have a good time玩得很開(kāi)心

        33.camp野營(yíng);露營(yíng)地

        34.distant/remote遙遠(yuǎn)的

        35.hilly多小山的;多丘陵的

        36.outdoors在戶(hù)外;在野外

        37.go outing外出;郊游;出游

        38.steep陡峭的;險(xiǎn)峻的

        39.tax-free免稅的

        40.wild野生的;荒涼的;天然的

        41.be on a visit to a place在參觀/訪(fǎng)問(wèn)某地

        旅游方式:

        42.DIY tour自助游

        43.space tourism太空旅游

        44.group/organized tour團(tuán)體游

        45.a self-drive trip自駕游

        46.go on a wildlife tour/a hiking trip參加野生動(dòng)物之旅/去遠(yuǎn)足

        47.explore a forest/a desert/another planet森林/沙漠/外星球探險(xiǎn)

        旅游感受:

        48.security/safety安全;平安

        49.impress留下極深的印象

        50.satisfy滿(mǎn)足;使?jié)M意

        51.attractive迷人的;有吸引力的

        52.impressive給人印象深刻的;令人欽佩的

        53.appeal to...對(duì)……有吸引力

        54.beyond description難以表達(dá)

        55.comfortable舒適的

        56.well-organized組織良好的

        57.enjoyable愉快的;快樂(lè)的;享受的

        58.regret遺憾;后悔

        59.boring/dull無(wú)聊的;無(wú)趣的

        60.in high spirits興高采烈;心情歡暢

        旅游景點(diǎn)描述:

        61.cover/have/with an area of占有……的面積

        62.be surrounded with/by被……環(huán)繞

        63.face south 面向/朝南方

        64.with...on its east/west/south/north 東/西/南/北臨……

        65.at the back of在……的后面

        66.in front of在……的前面

        67.in the north of在……北部

        68.on the south of在……的南方(接壤)

        69.to the east of在……的東面(相離)

        70.have/with a population of擁有……人口

        71.the population of...is人口是……

        72.seventy percent of the population are...百分之七十的人口是……

        73.be warm in winter and cool in summer冬暖夏涼

        74.have a cold climate with plenty of sunshine氣候寒冷,但陽(yáng)光充足

        75.have/with a history of擁有……的歷史

        76.a must-see for tourists游客必游之地

        77.be home to...是……的發(fā)源地

        78.relic遺跡

        79.be struck by被……迷住

        80.beach海灘;沙灘

        81.castle城堡

        Ⅱ.主題精彩表達(dá)(悉其用)

        1.一到達(dá)山頂,我們就深深地被這里美麗的風(fēng)景所吸引。(用on+動(dòng)詞的-ing形式)

        On arriving at the top of the hill,we were deeply attracted by the beautiful scenery.

        2.正如大家所知道的,華山以它險(xiǎn)峻的懸崖和它獨(dú)一無(wú)二的特征而出名。(含非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句)

        As is known to us all,Mount Huashan is famous for its breathtaking cliffs and its unique characteristics.

        3.坐落在山頂?shù)乃聫R見(jiàn)證了這個(gè)地區(qū)的許多變化。(用倒裝句式)

        On the top of the mountain stands the temple,which has witnessed many changes in this area.

        4.我們不能忽視這些問(wèn)題,諸如空氣污染和交通擁堵等問(wèn)題變得日益嚴(yán)重。(含同位語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句)

        We can't ignore the fact that some problems, such as air pollution and traffic jams, are becoming worse.

        5.人們更喜歡選擇高速列車(chē),因?yàn)樗鼈冃旭偹俣确浅??,從而能夠縮短旅行時(shí)間。(現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)表示結(jié)果)

        People prefer to choose high-speed trains because they move very fast,thus shortening the travelling time.

        我的拉薩之旅

        【語(yǔ)言風(fēng)暴】

        Ⅰ.寫(xiě)作高頻詞匯(明其義)

        1.grassland草原

        2.attendant服務(wù)員

        3.passenger乘客

        4.oxygen system供氧系統(tǒng)

        5.my first trip to Lhasa第一次拉薩之旅

        6.cruise train旅游列車(chē)

        7.comfortable舒適的

        8.breathe easily呼吸順暢

        9.provide sb with the best service給某人提供最好的服務(wù)

        10.appreciate the beautiful scenery欣賞美景

        11.snow-covered mountain雪覆蓋的山

        12.an unforgettable journey難忘之旅

        13.impressive印象深刻的

        14.attract吸引;引起

        15.route路線(xiàn);途徑

        16.scene風(fēng)景;景色;鏡頭

        17.take a picture拍照

        18.be/get close to nature接近大自然

        19.increase knowledge增長(zhǎng)知識(shí)

        20.strengthen one's love for加深對(duì)……的愛(ài)

        21.enjoy traditional food品嘗傳統(tǒng)美食

        22.can't wait to do sth迫不及待地做某事

        23.arrange accommodation安排住宿

        24.be rich in natural resources自然資源豐富

        25.be famous for因……而出名

        26.the beautiful scenery of sunset日落美景

        27.leave a deep impression on sb 給某人留下深刻印象

        28.a place of interest名勝

        29.have a good trip旅行順利

        30.leave for動(dòng)身去某地

        Ⅱ.主題精彩表達(dá)(悉其用)

        1.被它的自然美景所吸引,我們?nèi)滩蛔∨牧撕芏嗾掌?,想留住與自然和歷史親近的美好記憶。(過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))

        Attracted by its natural beauty,we couldn't help taking lots of pictures,cherishing the wonderful memories close to nature and history.

        2.我意識(shí)到,正是通過(guò)此次旅游,我們不僅增長(zhǎng)了知識(shí),而且開(kāi)闊了視野,同時(shí)也加深了我對(duì)家人的愛(ài)。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)

        It was through this traveling that I realized not only did we increase more knowledge,but we also broadened our horizons and strengthened our love for our family.

        3.(2017·北京卷書(shū)面表達(dá))而且,沿江的景色令人驚奇,有很多著名的游覽景點(diǎn)。(用with短語(yǔ))

        Moreover,the scenery along the river is amazing,with many well-known sightseeing spots.

        4.(2017·浙江卷寫(xiě)作)我們將登山、野餐和在峽谷中宿營(yíng)。(并列句)

        We are going to climb the hill,have a picnic and go camping in the canyon.

        5.(2017·安徽蚌埠市第三次檢測(cè)書(shū)面表達(dá))更重要的是,因?yàn)槲覀儾皇煜ぜ~約,我想知道你是否能到機(jī)場(chǎng)接我們。(含賓語(yǔ)從句)

        More importantly,I wonder if you can pick us up at the airport because we aren't familiar with New York.

        6.與其他景區(qū)不同的是,這里自然資源豐富,還有原始森林。(含主語(yǔ)從句)

        What makes it distinguishing from other resorts is that it is rich in natural resources and primitive forests.

        7.高原壯觀的日落景色一定會(huì)給你留下深刻的印象。(用leave a deep impression on sb短語(yǔ))

        The splendid scenery of sunset on the plateau will definitely leave a deep impression on you.

        8.旅游是開(kāi)闊我們視野的一種方式。通過(guò)旅游,我們可以了解世界上的不同文化。(含非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)

        Travel is a way to broaden our horizons,through which we can learn about different cultures of the world.

        9.拉薩有很多文化遺跡,其中最有吸引力的是布達(dá)拉宮。(含非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)

        There are many cultural sites in Lhasa,among which the most attractive one is the Potala Palace.

        【任務(wù)呈現(xiàn)】

        假定你是李華,今年暑假計(jì)劃與父母去拉薩旅游。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文。內(nèi)容要點(diǎn):

        1.舒適、寬敞的旅游列車(chē);

        2.周到的服務(wù);

        3.沿途迷人的風(fēng)光;

        4.你的感受。

        注意:

        1.詞數(shù)100左右;

        2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。參考詞匯:供氧系統(tǒng)oxygen system草原grassland服務(wù)員attendant拉薩Lhasa

        【寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)】

        一、審題定調(diào)

        這是一篇旅游記事。旅游記事主要記敘在旅途中的所見(jiàn)、所聞及所感。

        時(shí)態(tài)以一般過(guò)去時(shí)為主,主要人稱(chēng)為第一人稱(chēng)。有時(shí)也可以寫(xiě)成旅游日記,與日記的格式相同。

        二、寫(xiě)作微技能點(diǎn)撥

        旅游寫(xiě)作主要記敘在外看到的東西。旅游寫(xiě)作的分類(lèi)可以分為很多種:以記錄行程為主的是記敘型;以抒發(fā)感情為主的是抒情型;以描繪景物、景觀為主的是寫(xiě)景型;通過(guò)游記來(lái)說(shuō)明一個(gè)道理的,是說(shuō)理型。但是,不論哪一種,都是通過(guò)對(duì)自然風(fēng)光、風(fēng)景名勝、城市景觀和景觀中的人與事進(jìn)行描繪,來(lái)達(dá)到記事、抒情、寫(xiě)景狀物和說(shuō)理等目的。初學(xué)寫(xiě)游記時(shí),一定要用一定的線(xiàn)索來(lái)組織文章,以求在一開(kāi)始就養(yǎng)成條理清晰的寫(xiě)作習(xí)慣。一定要有一條合理的線(xiàn)索貫穿其中。

        寫(xiě)旅游記事文章時(shí)要注意以下三個(gè)方面:

        1.內(nèi)容真實(shí)。抒情和議論要少而精,抒情要有真情實(shí)感,議論要有自己的見(jiàn)解。

        2.記事要有主次或先后順序,避免流水賬。

        3.寫(xiě)景時(shí),常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);寫(xiě)經(jīng)歷時(shí),常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

        正文可運(yùn)用三段式:

        三、布局與行文

        第一段:開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山,點(diǎn)明主題——難忘的拉薩之行;

        第二段:詳細(xì)描述旅程中的所見(jiàn)、所聞和所感;

        第三段:前后呼應(yīng),深化主題——這確實(shí)是一次難忘的旅行。

        常見(jiàn)的有關(guān)旅游的詞匯有travel、journey、tourist、sightseeing、scenery、view、guide、package等,常見(jiàn)的有關(guān)描述景點(diǎn)的詞匯有beautiful、wonderful、colorful、attractive、places of interest、beauty of nature等,常見(jiàn)的有關(guān)心情的詞匯有happy、glad、amazed、unforgettable、impressive、excited、have a good time等。

        結(jié)構(gòu) 寫(xiě)作要點(diǎn) 普通表達(dá) 升級(jí)表達(dá)第一部分點(diǎn)明主題:難忘的拉薩之旅●I w e n t t o L h a s a f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e.I w i l l n e v e r f o r g e t i t.●I w e n t t h e r e d u r i n g t h i s s u m m e r v a c a t i o n.M y p a r e n t s w e n t t h e r e,t o o.●I w i l l n e v e r f o r g e t m y f i r s t t r i p t o L h a s a.●I w e n t t h e r e w i t h m y p a r e n t s d u r i n g t h i s s u m m e r v a c a t i o n.第二部分旅途中的所見(jiàn)、所聞和所感●T h e c r u i s e t r a i n i s w i d e, b r i g h t a n d m o d e r n.I t i s q u i t e c o m f o r t a b l e.●T h e r e a r e t w o o x y g e n s y s t e m s a n d p a s s e n g e r s b r e a t h e c o m p l e t e l y e a s i l y.●T h e y s m i l e d a n d t a l k e d w i t h u s p o-l i t e l y a l l t h e t i m e.●W h a t's m o r e, t h e r e w a s b e a u t i f u l s c e n e r y a l l t h e w a y.I a p p r e c i a t e i t.●T h e r e w e r e l a r g e,s n o w-c o v e r e d m o u n-t a i n s,e n d l e s s g r a s s l a n d a n d s o m e v i l l a g e s i n t h e m o u n t a i n s.I w a s e x-c i t e d a b o u t t h e m.●T h e c r u i s e t r a i n i s w i d e, b r i g h t a n d m o d e r n,w h i c h m a k e s i t q u i t e c o m-f o r t a b l e.●T h e t w o o x y g e n s y s t e m s m a k e s u r e t h a t p a s s e n g e r s b r e a t h e c o m p l e t e l y e a s i l y.●S m i l i n g f a c e s a n d p o l i t e w o r d s w e r e a r o u n d u s a l l t h e t i m e.●W h a t's m o r e, I a p p r e c i a t e t h e b e a u-t i f u l s c e n e r y a l l t h e w a y.●T h e l a r g e,s n o w-c o v e r e d m o u n t a i n s,t h e e n d l e s s g r a s s l a n d a n d s o m e v i l l a g e s i n t h e m o u n t a i n s m a d e m e e x c i t e d.第三部分深化主題:這確實(shí)是一次難忘的旅行●M y j o u r n e y w a s o v e r b e f o r e I c o u l d e n j o y m o r e.I h a d a w o n d e r f u l t i m e t h e r e.●I a m a m a z e d t h a t o u r c o u n t r y h a s c h a n g e d s o m u c h.I l o o k f o r w a r d t o t r a v e l l i n g t h e r e a g a i n.●M y j o u r n e y w a s o v e r b e f o r e I c o u l d e n j o y m o r e.●I l o o k f o r w a r d t o t r a v e l l i n g t h e r e a g a i n.

        【文章對(duì)比】

        初始文章

        ①I(mǎi) went to Lhasa for the first time.I will never forget it.②I went there during this summer vacation.My parents went there,too.

        ③The cruise train is wide, bright and modern.It is quite comfortable.④There are two oxygen systems and passengers breathe completely easily.The attendants on the train provided us with the best service.⑤They smiled and talked with us politely all the time.⑥What's more,there was beautiful scenery all the way.I appreciate it.⑦There were large, snow-covered mountains,endless grassland and some villages in the mountains.I was excited about them.

        ⑧My journey was over before I could enjoy more.I had a wonderful time there.It was really an unforgettable journey.⑨I am amazed that our country has changed so much.I look forward to travelling there again.

        高階范文

        ①I(mǎi) will never forget my first trip to Lhasa.②I went there with my parents during this summer vacation.

        ③The cruise train is wide, bright and modern,which makes it quite comfortable.④The two oxygen systems make sure that passengers breathe completely easily.The attendants on the train provided us with the best service.⑤Smiling faces and polite words were around us all the time.⑥What's more, I appreciate the beautiful scenery all the way.⑦The large, snow-covered mountains, the endless grassland and some villages in the mountains made me excited.

        ⑧My journey was over before I could enjoy more.It was really an unforgettable journey.⑨I look forward to travelling there again.

        溫馨提示:

        認(rèn)真閱讀和對(duì)比這兩篇文章,我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)相同標(biāo)號(hào)的內(nèi)容采用了不同的表達(dá)方式表達(dá)相同或相近的意思。因此,同學(xué)們?cè)谄綍r(shí)的寫(xiě)作中,應(yīng)該合理適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂靡恍?fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或高級(jí)詞匯,給文章增色添彩;同時(shí),也應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)使用簡(jiǎn)單詞匯或句式來(lái)表達(dá)較為復(fù)雜的意思。另外,高級(jí)范文表達(dá)中的部分詞匯雖然目前尚未學(xué)到,但都屬于課標(biāo)詞匯,學(xué)有余力的同學(xué)可以提前學(xué)習(xí)掌握。

        【類(lèi)文跟進(jìn)】

        假定你和父母去年寒假去海南旅行了一趟。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn),以 “My first trip to Hainan”為題寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文。

        內(nèi)容要點(diǎn):

        1.旅行方式:乘飛機(jī)(第一次乘飛機(jī));

        2.活動(dòng):潛水、參觀“天涯海角”、拍照、品嘗當(dāng)?shù)孛朗场?/p>

        注意:

        1.詞數(shù)100左右;

        2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。

        參考詞匯:熱帶魚(yú)tropical fish珊瑚coral天涯海角the Ends of the Earth

        My first trip to Hainan

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