建筑設(shè)計(jì)：阿馬塔·盧帕伊本，特韋維·瓦伊拉巴亞·泰帕庫姆/建筑部有限公司

Architects: Amata Luphaiboon, Twitee Vajrabhaya Teparkum/Department of ARCHITECTURE Co., Ltd.

對(duì)于曼谷或任何其他現(xiàn)代國際大都市來說，生活條件和空間形式都在不斷演變。曼谷人正期待著一種全新的戶外生活空間，即在缺乏公共空間的城市中能有效地應(yīng)對(duì)熱帶地區(qū)的炎熱及密集居住條件的可能性。康芒斯商場(chǎng)是位于曼谷市中心的一個(gè)小型零售開發(fā)項(xiàng)目，旨在打造一個(gè)全年任何時(shí)候人們都可以盡情享受的新型戶外空間。

康芒斯商場(chǎng)以一種垂直且開敞的公共空間作為主體。底層為景觀，設(shè)有臺(tái)階、坡道、休息平臺(tái)、座椅、綠植和小商鋪等，整片區(qū)域處于第三、四層結(jié)構(gòu)的遮蔽之中，沒有陽光和雨水的侵?jǐn)_，人們可以安心地在這里進(jìn)行各種活動(dòng)。底層空間垂直向上延伸與一個(gè)大型公共露天區(qū)域相連接，形成的這個(gè)中庭占據(jù)了第三、四層各近30%的空間。整個(gè)建筑在垂直和水平方向四處貫通，形成自然通風(fēng)，此外天窗下的頂棚內(nèi)還安置有兩套工業(yè)風(fēng)扇。一組將熱氣上吸并排出，另一組則向下吹送新風(fēng)，使中庭的空氣在酷熱時(shí)節(jié)依舊可以有效流通。這個(gè)通風(fēng)良好的室外空間與各級(jí)花園完美結(jié)合，讓這里成為了一個(gè)充滿活力的室外垂直城市區(qū)域，歡迎人們隨時(shí)來此閑逛并放松身心。

多層商業(yè)建筑面臨的一個(gè)長期挑戰(zhàn)就是如何引導(dǎo)顧客去往建筑的上層，康芒斯商場(chǎng)對(duì)此提出了自己的解決方案。建筑師在寬敞的底層空間設(shè)置了一系列臺(tái)階與平臺(tái)，將首層和二層連接起來，因此人們可以散著步，悠閑地從首層走到二層。一系列位于三、四層的開口進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)了垂直空間的連續(xù)性，在底層各處的人們均可以清楚地看到樓上的店鋪，從而自然地被吸引到其他樓層。

項(xiàng)目上層的建筑表皮有效應(yīng)對(duì)了另一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。雖然該項(xiàng)目希望打通立面加強(qiáng)通風(fēng)，但不同商店的不同風(fēng)格定位會(huì)使建筑外觀看上去十分凌亂。為解決這個(gè)問題，建筑師在上層立面上安裝了一層薄薄的鋼網(wǎng)，一定程度上消解了不同店鋪之間的差異，打造了輕盈又統(tǒng)一的建筑外觀。同時(shí)，這層鋼網(wǎng)滿足了通風(fēng)需求，也讓室內(nèi)外之間可以進(jìn)行視線的交流。

“地平層”的天花板暗藏設(shè)計(jì)巧妙的燈帶，為上層打造出漂浮的效果，并給整個(gè)區(qū)域塑造了一個(gè)溫馨的氛圍。照射在網(wǎng)狀表面上的外部光線時(shí)入時(shí)出。有光照時(shí)，建筑表面清晰地呈現(xiàn)，當(dāng)光線慢慢消退，外立面會(huì)變得通透并簡(jiǎn)略地顯露出內(nèi)景。這種感覺就仿佛墻面能夠呼吸一般，建筑自身也仿佛擁有了生命?！酰ㄌ炷?譯）

1 主入口/Main entrance

2 天井/Patio

3 首層平面/Ground floor plan

4 剖面/Section

5 俯瞰/Overlook view

6 外景/Exterior view

7 細(xì)部/Details

For Bangkok, or any other modern-day cosmopolitan cities, living conditions and spatial form continue to evolve. Bangkokians are now yearning for new possibilities of outdoor living space that can effectively answer to the tropical heat and its dense living condition where there is not much space for the outdoor. The Commons, a small retail development in the city centre, is an attempt to create a new active outdoor space where people can comfortably enjoy it at any time of the year.

The Commons proposes a verticalopen-air public space folding upwards as a backbone of the building. It starts with "the Ground" as the landscape of steps and ramps integrated with platforms,seating, planting and small kiosks. The area is well shaded by the second and the third floor structure above protecting the entire space from the sun and the rain. The Ground vertically opens up through large voids on the upper floors, connected to a large public open-air area occupying nearly thirty percent of each of the second and the third floor plate. The space vertically and horizontally flows in and out the entire building and allows for natural ventilation throughout. Two sets of industrial fans are incorporated into the ceiling screen below the skylight. One set draws hot air upward and out; the other set blows the wind downward to effectively increase the air movement in extra hot days. This airy semi-outdoor space is well incorporated with gardens on all levels. It becomes an active vertical urban living area. It is a place for strolling and relaxing at any time and in any seasons.

8 中庭俯瞰/Overlook view of the patio

9-12 分析圖解/Analysis diagrams

13 中庭夜景/Night view of the patio

The Commons also provides a solution answering to a classic challenge of a multi-storey retail building on how to draw people upward to the upper levels. The wide "Ground" with its gradual series of steps and platforms connecting the street level to the first floor naturally draws people to walk up leisurely. A series of openings in the second and the third floor further enhance a continuity of the vertical space. Shops on the upper levels are clearly seen from different angles from "the Ground". People flow on every floor effortlessly.

A building skin on the upper floors answers to another challenge. While the project wants to open up the facade for a through ventilation, the different identities of various shops on the fa?ade would have made it fragmented. The project applies a thin sheer steel mesh over the fa?ade to partially mask off the differences among the shops providing a unified surface while allowing for visual transparency from the inside, a through ventilation, and the lightness appearance from the outside.

The ceiling of "the Ground" is carefully uplighted creating a floating effect to the mass above and give a cosy atmosphere to the area. The exterior light on the meshed fa?ade fades in and out slowly.With light, the surface of the building skin comes into presence, while when the light fades away, the fa?ade becomes transparent and brie fly reveals what is inside. It feels as if the walls could breathe and the building itself is alive.□

評(píng)論

楊旭：項(xiàng)目位于炎熱而多雨的曼谷，其主體是一個(gè)垂直的、折疊向上的開敞公共空間。建筑僅有4層，設(shè)計(jì)師在架空的底層空間設(shè)置了一系列臺(tái)階和平臺(tái)，人們通過舒緩的臺(tái)階，逐層游走于連續(xù)的風(fēng)景中。為了確保建筑在水平和豎直方向自然通風(fēng)，每層樓板上都開了近30%的洞口。而這些洞口又強(qiáng)化了垂直空間的連續(xù)性，吸引人們不斷向上探索。設(shè)計(jì)師在建筑與空間上的努力，都不是基于商業(yè)價(jià)值上的考慮——康芒斯商場(chǎng)希望成為一個(gè)鏈接人與人的社區(qū)，而不是一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的商場(chǎng)。

洪人杰：現(xiàn)代性泰式垂直攤販

該項(xiàng)目打破傳統(tǒng)商業(yè)空間與開放空間的比例，讓商場(chǎng)重新被定義并作為城市的交流場(chǎng)所。其提供大于50%的公共場(chǎng)所，讓高檔的消費(fèi)空間更像一個(gè)鄰里活動(dòng)市集，拉近大城市之間人與人的距離感，并創(chuàng)造豐富且多元化的活動(dòng)形式。另外，漂浮感和通透性作為泰式空間抽象化的表達(dá)形式，營造出商場(chǎng)建筑在高經(jīng)濟(jì)位置條件下仍帶有的獨(dú)特本土氛圍。其設(shè)計(jì)一方面在功能布局中置入休憩、交流場(chǎng)所來完善傳統(tǒng)商業(yè)建筑的缺失；另一方面在材料選擇上，以金屬網(wǎng)、玻璃來模糊建筑邊界，進(jìn)而創(chuàng)造不同功能屬性的“互融性”。

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

地點(diǎn)/Location: 泰國曼谷市通羅區(qū)17號(hào)/Thonglor 17,Bangkok, Thailand

客戶/Client: The Commons Co., Ltd.

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: Chaiyapat Mirasena, Chanlika Boonpha, Matusorn Surachattumrongrat, Taraya Antarasena

景觀設(shè)計(jì)/Landscape Architect: Wabi-Sabi Studio Co., Ltd.

照明設(shè)計(jì)/Lighting Designer: Accent Studio

結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)/Structural Engineer: Jet Structural

機(jī)電工程/M&E Engineer: EEC Engineering Network

環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)/Environmental Graphic: be＞our＞friend studio

形象設(shè)計(jì)/Identity Design: TNOP Design

工程管理/Construction Management: International Project Administration Co., Ltd. (InterPAC)

主要承建/Main Contractor: NL Development Public Co., Ltd.立面承建/Fa?ade Contractor: SC Glazing Co., Ltd.

建筑面積/Floor Area: 5000m2

施工時(shí)間/Construction Period: 2013-2016

攝影/Photos: W Workspace, Ketsiree Wongwan

Comments

YANG Xu: The project is located in Bangkok, a hot and humid city. The main construction body is a vertical and upward folding open public space. The building is composed of only four floors, and the designer arranges a series of stairs and platforms at the stilted ground floor, through which people are able to wander around continuous scenes at different floors. In order to guarantee the natural ventilation horizontally and vertically in the building, a hole is opened up in every floor board that accounts for 30% in the floor area. Meanwhile,these holes highlight the continuity of vertical space and attract people to keep going up to explore the space. All the efforts the designer made in thebuilding and space are not based on commercial considerations, but instead The Commons is expected to become a community connecting people instead of a traditional shopping mall. (Translated by QIAN Fang)

HUNG Jenchieh: The modern "Thai-ness" vertical vendor

This project breaks down the proportion between traditional commercial and open spaces, which allows the mall to be redefined while serving as an urban social venue. Over fifty percent of the space is given to public areas, thus enabling the upscale commercial space to seem like a neighbourhood market. This helps to shorten the distance between people in the metropolis, while also contributes to the rich and diverse range of activities. Furthermore, the feeling of floating and the transparency function as forms of expression for the spatial abstraction of "Thai-ness",allowing the shopping mall to retain the unique local atmosphere in high economic status circumstances.Such a design, on the one hand, can make up for what a conventional commercial building is missing by adding recreational and social areas into the functional layout.On the other hand, the metal net and glass have been employed to blur the boundary of architecture, so that the "inter-compatibility" of different functional attributes can be created. (Translated by WANG Dandan)

14 內(nèi)景/Interior view

15.16 仰視/Upward views