設(shè)計(jì)：吉塔·克施文德特納

這件藝術(shù)作品所在的場(chǎng)地是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)達(dá)50m的沿河墻面，位于加的夫?yàn)骋粋€(gè)新的私人開發(fā)區(qū)。這面墻將公共沿河步道與封閉的世紀(jì)碼頭住宅區(qū)彼此分隔。

隨著加的夫?yàn)持苓叴罅康拈_發(fā)建設(shè)，該地的自然棲息地也急劇減少。而這件藝術(shù)作品正試圖將一些野生動(dòng)物再次引入這片區(qū)域。新的世紀(jì)碼頭住宅開發(fā)項(xiàng)目將提供大約1000套公寓，與之相對(duì)，這片“動(dòng)物墻”也將為不同種類的鳥類和蝙蝠提供大約1000個(gè)巢穴，并使巢穴與墻面肌理相融合。通過與一位當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)學(xué)家溝通，克施文德特納設(shè)計(jì)了4種不同大小的動(dòng)物房子。這些小房子與訂制的WoodCrete1）墻面覆層融為一體，為世紀(jì)碼頭創(chuàng)造出一面在建筑上出眾的、并與環(huán)境密切關(guān)聯(lián)的墻。動(dòng)物墻使野生動(dòng)物能夠在私人領(lǐng)地與公共區(qū)域之間自由地活動(dòng)，以一種睿智的方式超越了兩者之間的屏障?！酰ㄐ翂?mèng)瑤 譯）

評(píng)論

胡戎叡：通常，提到圍墻都會(huì)因其旨在“阻隔”而令人感覺缺少溫度。擁有大約1000套公寓的私人住宅區(qū)的這段圍墻設(shè)置了大約1000個(gè)動(dòng)物巢穴，這一具有人與動(dòng)物和諧相處的象征意義的設(shè)計(jì)使得這段圍墻變得不同凡響。一系列長(zhǎng)方體在圍墻的上部巧妙地形成了高低起伏、凹凸有致的立體構(gòu)成，這些體積大小多達(dá)4種、開口形狀與大小各不相同的長(zhǎng)方體巢穴還可以為不同的動(dòng)物提供棲身之所，在使得圍墻兼具裝飾性和實(shí)用性的同時(shí)，也洋溢著一絲暖意。

佘依爽：“動(dòng)物墻”視角的出現(xiàn)，打破了人和物單一共存的生活環(huán)境想象，是個(gè)奇思妙想。但鳥類和蝙蝠分屬不同的種類，一個(gè)是日間出行，一個(gè)是夜間行動(dòng)。不知道墻體周圍是否還有其他促進(jìn)生物多樣性增加的環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)和營(yíng)造？同時(shí)，黑色的材質(zhì)是否會(huì)在夏天的暴曬里讓動(dòng)物墻成為高溫區(qū)域？設(shè)計(jì)師在這樣的命題下，就需要考慮為更多的物種服務(wù)。設(shè)計(jì)目的更多樣復(fù)雜的話，評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也會(huì)更綜合，堅(jiān)固、實(shí)用與美觀也許就不再適用于這類設(shè)計(jì)了。

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

功能/Programme: 大型公共藝術(shù)裝置/Large-scale public art installation

攝影/Photos: Kiran Ridley

1.2 外景/Exterior views

The site of the artwork is a 50-metre long wall running alongside a new private development in Cardiff Bay. The wall separates the public riverside walk from the gated housing development of Century Wharf.

The natural habitat in Cardiff Bay has been greatly diminished following its extensive development in the recent years. Gschwendtner's approach to the artwork is to reintroduce some wildlife back into the area. The new housing development of Century Wharf will provide approximately 1000 new apartments; Gschwendtner's design for the "Animal Wall" will match this with about 1000 nest boxes for different bird and bat species integrated into the fabric of the wall. Through the consultation with a local ecologist, four different sized animal homes have been developed. These are integrated in the custom-made WoodCrete1)cladding of the wall to provide an architecturally stunning and environmentally sensitive wall for Century Wharf.Philosophically the animal wall transcends this barrier between the private and the public with the wildlife roaming freely between the two areas.□

Comments

HU Rongrui: Generally speaking, the idea of "wall" usually lacks temperature due to its implication of "separation". This section of wall, which encloses a private residential area composed of about 1,000 apartments, provides around 1,000 nests for animals. This symbolic design that implies a harmonious relationship between human beings and animals makes this section of wall a remarkable piece of work.A series of cuboids form a three-dimensional structure with ups and downs and concave and convex on the upper part of the wall. In as many as four sizes and different entrance shapes and widths, these cuboid-shape nests provide habitat for various animals. Achieving balance between decoration and practical use, the wall shows a trace of warmth to viewers.

SHE Yishuang: The perspective of Animal Wall is inventive that breaks the separated living conditions between human beings and animals. However, bird and bat belong to different species. The former is diurnal animal, while the latter is nocturnal one. The questions, then, arise: does the wall involve other designs and construction methods that help to increase the biological diversity around the place?Will the black material heated by harsh sunlight in summer turn Animal Wall into a high temperature zone? In this context, designers should take more diverse species into considerations, thus the evaluation standard will be more comprehensive if the design purpose is more complicated. Conventional qualities of utility, solidity and comfort might not apply to the kind of design when its purpose becomes more complicated. (Translated by ZHANG Jingqiu)

3 巢穴/Nest boxes

注釋/Note

1）WoodCrete主要指一種骨料是木纖維而非砂石的混凝土。這會(huì)使其具有更好的保溫性能，對(duì)動(dòng)物十分重要。同時(shí)它也比普通混凝土輕，更易操作。/WoodCrete is basically a type of concrete, where the aggregate is wood fibre instead of sand. This means it has better insulating qualities, which is important for the animals. And it is lighter then concrete, which makes it easier to work with.