設(shè)計(jì)：弗朗西斯科·帕爾多建筑事務(wù)所與阿梅茲庫阿事務(wù)所合作

通過改造一棟廢棄的19世紀(jì)建筑來激活墨西哥城的中心地區(qū)

正如項(xiàng)目的名字——也是其所在地址——所揭示的一樣，弗朗西斯科·帕爾多建筑事務(wù)所與建筑師朱利奧·阿梅茲庫阿合作的“Havre 77”是一個(gè)深深扎根于墨西哥城城市肌理的城市結(jié)構(gòu)再致密化和功能再活化項(xiàng)目。項(xiàng)目位于墨西哥城標(biāo)志性的改革大道的南側(cè)，這次改造是覆蓋Colonia Ju rez地區(qū)的更大規(guī)模的城市再生計(jì)劃的一部分。這一地區(qū)今天屬于繁華的中心城區(qū)，但在20世紀(jì)早期曾經(jīng)是城市最有特點(diǎn)的郊區(qū)之一，但在1957年和1985年遭受革命戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和兩次破壞性的地震之后，該地區(qū)的租金價(jià)格處于冰凍期已經(jīng)超過50年了。

這個(gè)曾經(jīng)是上層中產(chǎn)階級(jí)家庭住宅的19世紀(jì)建筑現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)徹底轉(zhuǎn)型成了一個(gè)包括辦公室、共享工作空間、法式餐廳和日式餐廳在內(nèi)的多用途場(chǎng)所。像人體的義肢一樣，改造在原來的磚砌建筑的頂部支起了兩層鋼混結(jié)構(gòu)的新建筑，在原建筑的背后也進(jìn)行了一部分加建。在通過不同的建筑語言喚起不同的時(shí)代記憶的同時(shí)，既有建筑和新的建筑像一枚硬幣的兩面，自然而然地結(jié)合在了一起。

通過向這個(gè)廢棄的場(chǎng)所注入新鮮血液，Havre 77現(xiàn)在面向街道開放，并通過南側(cè)狹長的廣場(chǎng)融入其中。通過這種方式，項(xiàng)目增強(qiáng)了與周圍環(huán)境的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，并有助于愈合周邊街區(qū)支離破碎的城市肌理。

作為一整套協(xié)同系統(tǒng)的一部分，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目距離弗朗西斯科·帕爾多建筑事務(wù)所設(shè)計(jì)的其他幾個(gè)建筑改造項(xiàng)目僅有幾步之遙，例如Havre 69（另一棟改造為多功能用途的建筑）和Mil n 44（改造成一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化集市）。該項(xiàng)目采用的極富人性的設(shè)計(jì)方式引人矚目，讓人開始關(guān)注墨西哥城中心城區(qū)被忽視的地段的集體潛力，也翻開了Colonia Ju rez城市歷史的新篇章?！酰ㄋ抉R蕾 譯）

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

地點(diǎn)/Location: Havre 77, Colonia Juárez, Mexico City (MX)

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design team: Julio Amezcua, Karen Burkart,Victor Cruz, José Luis Fajardo, Alan Orozco, Francisco Pardo, Aarón Rivera, Vania Torres, Tiberio Wallentin

地產(chǎn)概念/Real Estate Concept: ReUrbano. Rodrigo Rivero Borrell Wheatley + Alberto Kritzler Ring

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design: 2011

總建筑面積/GFA: 1485m2

攝影/Photos: Diana Arnau

1.2 外景/Exterior views

A derelict 19th century house is transformed to invigorate Mexico City's central neighbourhood

As its name – which reflects its exact address – would suggest, Havre 77 by Francisco Pardo Arquitecto in collaboration with architect Julio Amezcua is an urban re-densification and reactivation project that sinks its roots deeply into Mexico City's urban fabric. Standing on the south side of the emblematic Paseo de la Reforma,the intervention is part of a wider regeneration programme covering Colonia Juárez. Today a bustling central district, the area used to be one of the city's most exclusive suburbs back in the early 1900's, before it was hit by a revolutionary war and two destructive earthquakes in 1957 and 1985,which led to a rent freeze for over 50 years.

A 19th cntury house, once accommodating an upper middle-class family, has been radically transformed into a mixed-use venue including offices, co-working spaces, and a French and a Japanese restaurant. Like the prosthesis of a human body, a new steel and concrete structure comprising two floors grips the top of the former brick building, while an additional branch lies at the back of it. While evoking different eras through different languages, the existing building and the new additions are naturally integrated and complete each other like the two sides of the same coin.

Instilling new life-blood into an abandoned lot, Havre 77 opens onto to the street and brings it in, through an interstitial plaza on the south side. In this way, the project enhances its intrinsic connection with the surroundings and contributes to healing the neighbourhood's fractured urban texture.

Part of a synergic system, the project is located just a few steps away from other architectural interventions by Francisco Pardo Arquitecto, such as Havre 69 – another house converted in a mixeduse building, and Milàn 44 – a contemporary market. Marking a new chapter in the urban history of Colonia Juárez, the project stands out for its humanitarian approach and puts the spotlight on the collective potentialities of neglected lots in the beating heart of Mexico City.□

3 總平面/Site plan

4 夾層平面/Mezzanine plan

5 首層平面/Ground floor plan

6 地下室平面/Basement plan

7 屋頂平面/Roof plan

8 四層平面/Floor 3 plan

9 三層平面/Floor 2 plan

10 二層平面/Floor 1 plan

11 側(cè)立面/Side facade

12 縱剖面/Longitudinal section

13 主立面/Main facade

14 橫剖面/Cross section

15 外景/Exterior view

16 內(nèi)景/Interior view

WA：在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目中，設(shè)計(jì)發(fā)揮了什么作用？

弗朗西斯科·帕爾多（FP）：客戶要求我們做的第一件事就是提出一個(gè)想法，回答這個(gè)地方應(yīng)該是什么樣的?？蛻魶]有一個(gè)特定的計(jì)劃，所以設(shè)計(jì)涉及到如何通過改變?cè)械慕ㄖ碇匦滤伎妓暮诵墓δ堋NA和美學(xué)特質(zhì)。

WA：設(shè)計(jì)中最有創(chuàng)意和最具吸引力的部分是什么？

FP：因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)現(xiàn)有的完整建筑物，所以我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)時(shí)不想給這個(gè)空間帶來新的元素，我們稱之為“刪除而不是清除”。換句話說，我們希望減去一些元素而不是做加法，所以對(duì)原建筑的設(shè)計(jì)是保持它原來的結(jié)構(gòu)，使之以“坦蕩的”姿態(tài)容納新的功能。

在這個(gè)案例中，富有創(chuàng)造性的過程是關(guān)于改變建筑物的DNA的，也就是如何設(shè)計(jì)你感知一個(gè)舊獨(dú)棟家庭住宅與一個(gè)新的多功能建筑的方式，你從街上進(jìn)入一個(gè)通過幾家餐廳創(chuàng)造的公共空間，以及你在不同功能的空間中垂直移動(dòng)的方式。

WA：設(shè)計(jì)過程中最大的困難是什么？

FP：是進(jìn)行項(xiàng)目的策劃：設(shè)想這應(yīng)該是個(gè)什么樣的場(chǎng)所，誰會(huì)是建筑未來的使用者，是不是包括了租戶和游客，以及理解這一地區(qū)正在發(fā)生的變化。

WA：使用者的反饋如何？

FP：建筑的租戶和公眾（鄰居）對(duì)空間使用方式的理解非常重要，但這不是一個(gè)固化的程式，去年就一直在進(jìn)行變化調(diào)整。因?yàn)榫哂杏袡C(jī)性，空間作為一個(gè)“容器”可以很容易地改變用途或重新安排來適應(yīng)各種使用方式。

WA：這個(gè)項(xiàng)目是如何改善使用者的工作狀態(tài)的？

FP：因?yàn)榻ㄖ瓉硎强罩玫?，所以沒有既有的環(huán)境能供比較，所有的體驗(yàn)者都在體驗(yàn)一個(gè)新空間。讓我們對(duì)他們的反應(yīng)拭目以待吧?！酰ㄋ抉R蕾 譯）

19 內(nèi)景/Interior view

18 外景/Exterior view

WA: What is the role of design in this project?

Francisco Pardo: The first thing we were asked to do by the client was to come up with an idea, "what the place should be". The client didn't have a specific programme, so the design involved to think how to transform the original structure, re-think its core programme, DNA and aesthetics.

WA: What is the most creative and attractive solution?

FP: I would say that as it was an existing structure,we manage to design without bringing new elements to the space, let's call it: deleting rather than erasing.In other words, we subtracted elements instead of adding up, so the design is the original structure,"naked" that will house the new programme.

The creative process in this particular case was about changing the DNA of the building, the way you perceive an old single family house vs. a new multi use building, the way you access from the street creating a public space throughout the restaurants and the way you move vertically throughout the different programmes in the space.

WA: What was the most difficult part in the process of design?

FP: The programming: what kind of venue should it be, who are the future clients, both tenants and visitors and understandings of a changing neighbourhood.

WA: What is the feedback from the users?

FP: The renters and the public (neighbours) have been very important to understand the use of the space, it is not a fixed programme, it has change throughout the last year, it is an organic programme so the space works as a "container" that could be easily change or be re-programme.

WA: How did this project improve the users' work?

FP: There was no existing condition of workers, the building was empty, so all the users are experiencing a new space… Let's see what happens.□