⊙By Reva Bhalla ⊙ 翻譯:T Boy
Turkey’s Vision for 2023 土耳其建國百年獻禮
⊙By Reva Bhalla ⊙ 翻譯:T Boy
說起IT孵化園區(qū)、自主研發(fā)的電動大客車、四千多公里的高速公路項目、近萬公里的高鐵項目、核電站等,你大概不會把這些與土耳其聯(lián)系在一起。其實,土耳其是一個發(fā)展得不錯的發(fā)展中國家,它有持續(xù)增長的汽車工業(yè),歐洲最大的家用電子產(chǎn)品與電器制造商就在土耳其。近年來,土耳其經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)步增長,政府為慶祝建國百年獻禮而規(guī)劃的多項工程更是其經(jīng)濟實力的反映。
Turkey has advertised a number of1)incredibly ambitious2)infrastructure projects in the3)lead-up to 2023, the 100th anniversary of the founding of the modern Turkish Republic. This is a symbolic year for Turkey to4)demonstrate its progress over the past century. The government wants to use these projects to not only5)address Turkey’s many infrastructural needs, but also to bring worldwide attention6)emerging market.
Turkey’s economic and population7)expansion and its8)strategic location are9)fueling a10)massive construction11)drive. The most attention-grabbing and perhaps most12)far-fetched project on the list is Canal Istanbul. Around 13613)vessels and 2714)tankers pass through the Turkish straits each day. The purpose behind the canal project is to relieve the heavilycongested Bosporus Straits with a 30-milelong man-made waterway that would slice the already heavily-populated European side of Istanbul into two and connect the Black and Mediterranean Seas. Turkish leaders since Ottoman times have raised this idea of linking the two seas, but economic, political and technical15)constraints always end up16)stifling the plans. The government claims the canal would cost $10 billion and be operational by 2023.
There are other major infrastructural projects that are more17)feasible, but still carry very large price tags. Turkey recently issued a18)tender to an all-Turkish19)consortium for a third airport that would be on par with London’s Heathrow and Paris’ Charles De Gaulle.The estimated cost for the project, so far, is around $29 billion that would be paid over 25 years once the airport is operational.
The Turkish government also has plans for a much-needed third bridge over the Bosporus, an underwater tunnel, a national network of high-speed rail lines, port expansions, nuclear power plants, energy distribution networks, you name it. The government says it will need to raise around$250 billion to finance these projects, but the government does face a challenge in securing the long-term financing to get these projects off the ground, especially on the timeline that it set for itself.
Now, foreigners eyeing this market are looking at the 17th largest economy in the world in GDP with a young and growing population of 73 million. Europe’s economic decline will continue to20)hamper Turkish growth, but the country’s strategic location allows it to21)compensate to an22)extent by reaching into the Middle East, Africa, the23)Caucasus and central Asia.
1) incredibly [?n'kred?bl?] adv. 難以置信地,驚人地
2) infrastructure ['?nfr?str?kt??(r)] n. 基礎設施
3) lead-up ['li?d'?p] n. 前奏,前導
4) demonstrate ['dem?nstre?t] n. 證明,說明
5) address [?'dres] v. 致力于
6) emerging market 新興市場
7) expansion [?k'sp?n?(?)n] n. 擴大,擴張
8) strategic [str?'ti?d??k] adj. 戰(zhàn)略的,戰(zhàn)略性的
9) fuel [fju??l] v. 推動,刺激
10) massive ['m?s?v] adj. 巨大的,有力的
11) drive [dra?v] n. 有組織的努力,運動
12) far-fetched ['fɑ?(r)'fet?d] adj. 牽強的,不自然的
13) vessel ['ves(?)l] n. 船,艦
14) tanker ['t??k?(r)] n. 油輪,油船
15) constraint [k?n'stre?nt] n. 限制
16) sti fl e ['sta?f(?)l] v. 抑止,遏制
17) feasible ['fi?z?b(?)l] adj. 可行的,行得通的
18) tender ['tend?(r)] n. 招標
19) consortium [k?n's??r???m] n. 財團,企業(yè)集團
20) hamper ['h?mp?(r)] v. 妨礙,阻礙
21) compensate ['k?mpense?t] v. 補償,抵補
22) extent [?k'stent] n. 程度
23) Caucasus ['k??k?s?s] n. 高加索山脈,高加索地區(qū)
…but the government does face a challenge in securing the long-term fi nancing to get these projects off the ground, especially on the timeline that it set for itself
Do是一個我們再熟悉不過的動詞了,它經(jīng)常以助動詞的形式出現(xiàn)在我們面前,如作為疑問句的構成部分放在句首,或者作為否定式的構成部分,又或者用于倒裝句。而do作為助動詞的另一個用法是出現(xiàn)在肯定句的動詞前,起加強語氣的強調(diào)作用。如文中這句話,動詞face前面的does強調(diào)政府確確實實面臨巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。不管是現(xiàn)在時還是過去時都可以在動詞前用do來加強語氣,在口語中,動詞前的do(包括它的變化形式)通常會重讀,如:I did tell Mom that I won’t be home for dinner.(我確實跟媽說我不回來吃晚飯了。)
在向當代的土耳其共和國成立一百周年邁進之際,土耳其向外宣傳其一系列雄心勃勃的基礎設施建設項目。對土耳其來說,2023年是具有象征意義的一年,它將向世界展示其在過去一百年里取得的進步。土耳其政府不僅希望這些基建項目可以滿足國內(nèi)在基礎設施方面的許多需求,更希望籍此把全世界的目光都吸引到土耳其這個重要的新興市場。
土耳其經(jīng)濟與人口的快速增長勢頭,以及其戰(zhàn)略性地理位置推動著該國規(guī)模宏大的建設浪潮。在這一系列的項目當中,最吸引眼球、但又可能最不切實際的要數(shù)伊斯坦布爾運河了。目前,每天約有136艘船只和27艘油輪通過這個土耳其海峽,建造運河的目的就是要緩解博斯普魯斯海峽早已不堪重負的航道壓力。該項目將打造一條30英里(約48公里)長的水上通道,把伊斯坦布爾歐洲一側的人口密集區(qū)一分為二,把黑海和地中海連接起來。自奧斯曼帝國以來,不同時期的土耳其領導人一直都有把黑海和地中海連接起來的想法,但苦于受經(jīng)濟、政治及技術等方面的限制,這一想法一直無法成為現(xiàn)實。土耳其政府稱,運河將耗資100億美元(約654億元),在2023年投入使用。
此外還有其他可行性更高,但也造價不菲的基建項目。土耳其政府最近向一家土耳其全資財團發(fā)出招標書,準備興建一座規(guī)模將與倫敦希思羅機場和巴黎戴高樂機場旗鼓相當?shù)臋C場——伊斯坦布爾的第三座機場。目前,該項目預計所需投資大約為290億美元(約1897億元),這筆投資將在機場投入運營后的25年內(nèi)還清。
土耳其政府規(guī)劃的其他項目還包括橫跨博斯普魯斯海峽急需的第三座大橋、一條海底隧道、全國高鐵路網(wǎng)、港口擴建工程、核電站、配電網(wǎng)等,不一而足。土耳其政府說要為這些項目融資約2500億美元(約16359億元),但要獲得長期投資并啟動落實這些項目,尤其是按政府制訂的時間表順利完成,政府確實面臨嚴峻考驗。
對土耳其市場有興趣的外國投資者面對的是一個國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值在世界排第17位的經(jīng)濟體,土耳其的人口為7300萬,人口構成年青化且持續(xù)增長。雖說歐洲的經(jīng)濟衰退會繼續(xù)影響土耳其的經(jīng)濟增長速度,但土耳其連接中東、非洲、高加索地區(qū)和中亞的戰(zhàn)略性地理位置在某種程度上抵消了這些負面影響。