⊙By Sandra Cisneros 翻譯：潘帕

The House on1)Mango Street 芒果街上的小屋

⊙By Sandra Cisneros 翻譯：潘帕

你知道芒果街嗎？

這里是美國(guó)芝加哥的一個(gè)拉美貧民社區(qū)；這里是小女孩埃斯佩朗莎一家生活的地方，是她的童話王國(guó)，云朵和小樹都有自己的故事，處處流淌著詩(shī)意的少女情懷；這里的生活后來被寫成一本了不起的小書，在1985年獲得“美國(guó)圖書獎(jiǎng)”，接著被收入權(quán)威的《諾頓美國(guó)文學(xué)選集》，隨后進(jìn)入美國(guó)大中小學(xué)課堂，成為美國(guó)青少年的課外必讀書，在世界各地掀起了現(xiàn)象級(jí)的“芒果熱”。

讓芒果街聞名于世的，正是埃斯佩朗莎的原型——美國(guó)當(dāng)代著名詩(shī)人、小說家桑德拉·希斯內(nèi)羅絲。她出身低微，家境貧寒，靠政府資助上了大學(xué)，讀書期間下定決心不走前人路，要寫一本屬于自己、屬于女性、屬于墨西哥裔美國(guó)人的小說，終于在30歲那年出版了短篇故事集《芒果街上的小屋》，一舉成名天下知。

本期選段為本書的第一個(gè)故事，同時(shí)也是點(diǎn)題之作。

We didn’t always live on Mango Street.Before that we lived on Loomis on the third floor, and before that we lived on Keeler.Before Keeler it was Paulina, and before that I can’t remember. But what I remember most is moving a lot. Each time it seemed there’d be one more of us. By the time we got to Mango Street we were s i x—M a m a,Papa, Carlos,Kiki, my sister Nenny and me.

The house on Mango Street is ours, and we don’t have to pay rent to anybody,or share the yard with the people downstairs, or be careful not to make too much noise, and there isn’t a2)landlord3)banging on the ceiling with a broom. But even so, it’s not the house we’d thought we’d get.

We had to leave the flat on Loomis quick. The water pipes broke and the landlord wouldn’t fix them because the house was too old. We had to leave fast. We were using the washroom next door and carrying water over in empty milk4)gallons. That’s why Mama and Papa looked for a house,and that’s why we moved into the house on Mango Street, far away, on the other side of town.

They always told us that one day we would move into a house, a real house that would be ours for always so we wouldn’t have to move each year. And our house would have running water and pipes that worked.And inside it would have real stairs, not5)hallway stairs, but stairs inside like the houses on TV. And we’d have a basement and at least three washrooms so when we took a bath we wouldn’t have to tell everybody. Our house would be white with trees around it, a great big yard and grass growing without a fence. This was the house Papa talked about when he held up a6)lottery ticket and this was the house Mama dreamed up in the stories she told us before we went to bed.

But the house on Mango Street is not the way they told it at all. It’s small and red with tight steps in front and windows so small you’d think they were holding their breath. Bricks are7)crumbling in places, and the front door is so swollen you have to push hard to get in. There is no front yard, only four little8)elms the city planted by the9)curb. Out back is a small10)garage for the car we don’t own yet and a small yard that looks smaller between the two buildings on either side. There are stairs in our house, but they’re ordinary hallway stairs, and the house has only one washroom. Everybody has to share a bedroom—Mama and Papa, Carlos and Kiki, me and Nenny.

Once when we were living on Loomis, a11)nun from my school passed by and saw me playing out front. The12)laundromat downstairs had been13)boarded up because it had been robbed two days before and the owner had painted on the wood YES WE’RE OPEN so as not to lose business.

Where do you live? She asked.

There, I said pointing up to the third floor.

You live there?

There. I had to look to where she pointed—the third floor, the paint peeling, wooden bars Papa had nailed on the windows so we wouldn’t fall out. You live there?The way she said it made me feel like nothing. There. I lived there. I nodded.

I knew then I had to have a house. A real house. One I could point to. But this isn’t it. The house on Mango Street isn’t it.14)For the time being, Mama says. Temporary, says Papa. But I know how those things go.

1) mango ['m??g??] n. 芒果

2) landlord ['l?ndl??d] n. 房東，地主

3) bang [b??] v. 重?fù)?/p>

4) gallon ['g?l?n] n. 加侖，一加侖的容器

5) hallway ['h??lwe?] n. 門廳

6) lottery ticket 彩票

7) crumble ['kr?mb（?）l] v. 弄碎，崩毀

8) elm [elm] n. 榆樹

9) curb [kз?b] n. 路邊，路緣石

10) garage [g?'rɑ??] n. 車庫(kù)

11) nun [n?n] n. 修女，尼姑

12) laundromat ['l??ndr?,m?t] n.<美>自動(dòng)洗衣店

13) board up 用柵木板阻隔

14) for the time being 暫時(shí)

身為一名墨西哥裔女性，希斯內(nèi)羅絲對(duì)自己的文化身份有著強(qiáng)烈的自我認(rèn)知，其作品一般語言難度低，以短句甚至超短句為主，讀起來朗朗上口，有些不合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文法的用語，不時(shí)還會(huì)插入西班牙語……這本半自傳性質(zhì)的小書創(chuàng)作于希斯內(nèi)羅絲的青年時(shí)代，我們可以從中充分體會(huì)到少數(shù)族裔英語——尤其是少數(shù)族裔年輕人的語言特色。

我們并非一直住在芒果街。先前我們住在魯米斯的三樓。再先前我們住在吉勒那兒。吉勒往前是波琳娜，再前面我就不記得了。我記得最清楚的是，我們搬了好多次家。似乎每搬一次，家庭成員就會(huì)多出一個(gè)。搬到芒果街時(shí)，我們家有六口人——媽媽、爸爸、卡洛斯、奇奇，妹妹蕾妮和我。

芒果街上的小屋是我們的，我們不用給任何人交房租，或者和樓下的人合用一個(gè)院子，或者小心翼翼別弄出太多聲響，這里也沒有拿掃帚猛敲天花板的房東?？删退氵@樣，它也不是我們?cè)瓉硪詾榈哪欠N房子。

我們那時(shí)得趕緊搬出魯米斯那兒的公寓。水管破了，因?yàn)榉孔犹希繓|不愿意來修理。我們得快快離開。我們還要借用鄰居的衛(wèi)生間，用空的牛奶瓶把水提過去。這就是為什么爸媽要找房子，這就是為什么我們搬進(jìn)了芒果街上的小屋，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地，從城市的那一邊搬過來。

他們一直對(duì)我們說，終有一天，我們會(huì)搬進(jìn)一所房子，一所真正的、永遠(yuǎn)屬于我們的房子，那樣我們就不用每年搬家了。我們的房子會(huì)有自來水和好用的水管。里面還有真正的樓梯，不是門廳臺(tái)階，而是像電視上的房子里那種樓梯。我們會(huì)有一個(gè)地下室和至少三個(gè)衛(wèi)生間，那樣洗澡的時(shí)候就不用告訴每個(gè)人了。我們的房子會(huì)刷成白色，四周樹木環(huán)繞，還有一個(gè)很大的院子，草兒生長(zhǎng)著，沒有籬笆把它們?nèi)ζ饋怼＿@是爸爸手握彩票時(shí)提到的房子，這是媽媽在給我們講的睡前故事里幻想的房子。

可是芒果街上的小屋全然不是他們講的那樣。它很小，是紅色的，門前一方窄窄的臺(tái)階，窗戶小得讓你覺得它們像是在屏著呼吸。有幾處墻磚都碎裂了。前門發(fā)脹得厲害，你要用力推才進(jìn)得來。這里沒有前院，只有市政栽在路邊的四棵小榆樹。屋后有個(gè)小車庫(kù)，用來停放我們還沒買的小汽車，還有個(gè)小院子，夾在兩邊的樓中間，越發(fā)顯得小了。我們的房子里有樓梯，可那只是普通的門廳臺(tái)階，而且房子里只有一個(gè)衛(wèi)生間。每個(gè)人都要和別人合用臥房——媽媽和爸爸、卡洛斯和奇奇、我和蕾妮。

我們還住在魯米斯那兒時(shí)，有一回學(xué)校的嬤嬤經(jīng)過那里，看到我在房前玩。樓下的自助洗衣店被木板封了起來，因?yàn)閮商烨斑@兒剛被人洗劫一空。為了不讓生意流失，主人在木頭上涂抹了幾個(gè)字：“是的，我們?cè)跔I(yíng)業(yè)”。

你住在哪里呀？她問。

那里。我說，指了指三樓。

你住在那里？

那里。我不得不朝她指的地方看去——三層樓上，那里墻皮斑駁，窗上橫著幾根木條，是爸爸釘上去的，以防我們掉出來。你住在那里？她說話的樣子讓我覺得自己一無是處。那里。我住在那里。我點(diǎn)頭。

于是我明白了，我得有一所房子。一所真正的房子。一所可以指給別人看的房子?？蛇@里不是。芒果街上的小屋不是。目前就這樣，媽媽說。這是暫時(shí)的，爸爸說?？晌抑滥鞘窃趺椿厥?。

（節(jié)選

自譯林出版社版本，有改動(dòng)）