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        ?

        Unit 10?I’ve had this bike for three years.

        2017-04-29 00:00:00
        時(shí)代英語(yǔ)·初中 2017年2期

        重點(diǎn)詞匯

        1.check v. n. 檢查;審查

        Check your homework before handing it in.

        交作業(yè)以前先檢查一遍。

        I think there is an age limit, but I’d have to check.

        我覺得是有年齡限制的,但我得去核實(shí)一下。

        I’ll just have a quick check to see if the letter has arrived yet.

        我要快速查看一下,看看那封信是否已經(jīng)寄到。

        check out 察看;觀察

        Check out the prices at our new store!

        看一看我們新商店的價(jià)格吧!

        2.clear v. 清理;清除

        It’s your turn to clear the table.

        該輪到你收拾餐桌了。

        clear out 清理;丟掉

        We cleared out all our old clothes.

        我們?nèi)拥袅怂械呐f衣服。

        (1) clear adj. 清晰易懂的;明白清楚的

        You’ll do as you’re told, is that clear?

        叫你做什么你就去做什么,明白嗎?

        (2) clearly adv. 清楚地;清晰地

        Would you speak more clearly?

        你能再說清楚一點(diǎn)嗎?

        3.own v. 擁有;有

        Do you own your house or do you rent it?

        你的房子是自己的,還是租的?

        (1) own adj. 自己的,本人的

        It was her own idea.

        那是她自己的主意。

        (2) owner n. 物主;主人

        The owner of the shop was sweeping his floor when I walked in.

        我走進(jìn)去的時(shí)候店主正在掃地。

        4.part v. 離開;分開

        We parted at the airport.

        我們?cè)陲w機(jī)場(chǎng)分手了。

        I hate being parted from the children.

        我不愿與孩子們分開。

        part with 放棄;交出 (尤指不舍得的東西)

        Make sure you read the contract before parting with any money.

        一定要注意先看清合約再交錢。

        part n. 部分

        We spent part of the time in the museum.

        我們花了一部分時(shí)間在博物館。

        5.truthful adj. 誠(chéng)實(shí)的;真實(shí)的

        Are you being completely truthful with me?

        你跟我講的全是真話嗎?

        (1) truth n. 真相;事實(shí)

        Do you think she’s telling the truth?

        你認(rèn)為她在講實(shí)話嗎?

        (2) true adj. 符合事實(shí)的;如實(shí)的

        The novel is based on a true story.

        這部小說是根據(jù)真實(shí)的故事寫成的。

        to tell (you) the truth 說實(shí)話,老實(shí)說

        To tell you the truth, I’ll be glad to get home.

        說實(shí)話,能回家我會(huì)很高興。

        6.search v. n. 搜索;搜查

        search作動(dòng)詞意為“搜查”時(shí),后面跟搜查的范圍,可跟人、房屋等名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。而search for后面跟搜查的目標(biāo)。

        She searched her desk for the necessary information.

        她在她的書桌里搜尋必要的資料。

        She went into the kitchen in search of (=looking for) a drink.

        她進(jìn)了廚房,想找點(diǎn)喝的。

        search out 找出;查到

        The librarian finally searched out the book I wanted.

        圖書管理員最后找出了我要借的那本書。

        7.shame n. 羞恥;羞愧;慚愧

        Her father and her brothers would die of shame.

        她的父親和兄弟們會(huì)羞愧死的。

        shame n. 令人惋惜的事;讓人遺憾的事

        It would be a shame to stop the work halfway.

        半途而廢就太遺憾了。

        It’s a shame that she wasn’t here to see it.

        真可惜她不能在這兒親眼看看。

        8.regard v. 將……認(rèn)為;把……視為

        regard... as... 把……視為……

        He was regarded as the most successful president of modern times.

        他被看成是近代最成功的總統(tǒng)。

        9.opposite prep. 與……相對(duì);在……對(duì)面

        adj. 對(duì)面的;另一邊的

        The bank is opposite the supermarket.

        銀行在超市的對(duì)面。

        Answers are given on the opposite page.

        答案在對(duì)頁(yè)上。

        10. consider v. 注視;仔細(xì)考慮

        He stood there, considering the painting.

        他站在那里,凝視著那幅畫。

        She considered her options.

        她仔細(xì)考慮了自己的各種選擇。

        We’re considering buying a new car.

        我們?cè)诳紤]買一輛新車。

        注意:consider意為“仔細(xì)考慮”時(shí),后面可接名詞和動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。

        consider v. 認(rèn)為;視為

        辨析:consider和regard

        consider和regard都可指認(rèn)為、視為。consider 常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有consider sb/sth as sth (as可以省略);regard常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有regard sb/sth as sth (as不可以省略)。此外,consider 常用的結(jié)構(gòu)還有consider sb/sth to be sth (to be可以省略)。

        I consider him (as) a friend. =I regard him as a friend.

        我把他視為朋友。

        This award is considered (to be) a great honour.

        這項(xiàng)獎(jiǎng)被視為極大的榮譽(yù)。

        11. hold v. 擁有;抓住

        Employees hold 30% of the shares.

        雇員持有30%的股份。

        I held the mouse by its tail.

        我抓著耗子的尾巴倒提起來(lái)。

        (1) hold on 等一等;別掛電話

        (2) hold on to 堅(jiān)持

        重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)

        1.no longer 不再;不復(fù)

        no longer有時(shí)可用not... any longer或not... anymore替

        換。

        He no longer lives here.

        =He doesn’t live here anymore/any longer.

        他不再住這兒了。

        2.to be honest 說實(shí)在的

        To be honest, it was one of the worst books I’ve ever read.

        說實(shí)在的,那是我讀過的最差的書之一。

        honest adj. 誠(chéng)實(shí)的;老實(shí)的

        He is an honest man.

        他是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。

        3.according to 依據(jù);按照

        According to Mick, it’s a great movie.

        據(jù)米克說,這是一部了不起的電影。

        4.close to 幾乎;接近

        He made a profit close to $200 million.

        他賺了接近2億美元。

        close by 在不遠(yuǎn)處

        Our friends live close by.

        我們的朋友住得不遠(yuǎn)。

        即時(shí)練習(xí)

        從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)填空。

        as for part with check out clear out close to

        1. I love my dad and I would never ______ him.

        2. Those are some toys that we want to ______ .

        3. ______ Jane, she’s doing fine.

        4. She lives ______ a school.

        5. Please ______ these names and numbers.

        參考答案:

        基本語(yǔ)法

        現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(III)

        某些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

        1. 可以和表示延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如“for+時(shí)間段”,“since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)”,“since+一段時(shí)間+ago”,“since+一般過去時(shí)的句子”。

        I have lived here for 10 years.

        =I have lived here since 10 years ago.

        我已經(jīng)住在這里10年了。

        He has worked at this factory since 2008.

        自從2008年他就在這個(gè)工廠上班。

        She has taught us since I came to this school.

        自從我來(lái)到這所學(xué)校,她就一直教我們。

        2. 表示持續(xù)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞多是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。

        短暫性動(dòng)詞 (buy, die, join, finish等) 不能直接與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,需要轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。

        buy—have borrow—keep

        put on—wear catch a cold—have a cold

        get to know—knowget to sleep—sleep

        begin/start—be ongo out—be out

        open—be openclose—be closed

        become—be die—be dead

        finish/end—be overleave/go—be away

        come/arrive/reach/get to—be (in)

        fall asleep—be asleepmake friends—be friend

        join—be in/be a member of

        注意:非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

        I haven’t seen him for three years.

        我三年沒有看見他了。

        3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別

        (1) 側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同

        現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)側(cè)重于過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響;而一般過去時(shí)側(cè)重于某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間或某段時(shí)間。即現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況,而一般過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去。

        I have seen the film.

        我看過這部電影。(我了解這部電影的內(nèi)容。)

        I saw the film three days ago.

        三天前我看了這部電影。(只說明三天前看了這部電影,不涉及現(xiàn)在的情況。)

        (2) 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不同

        現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以和already, yet, just, ever, never, before等副詞連用,還可以和“for+時(shí)間段”、“since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)”、“since+一段時(shí)間+ago”、“since+一般過去時(shí)的句子”等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用;而一般過去時(shí)則常與three weeks ago, just now, yesterday, last night等表示過去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。

        She has lived here since two years ago.

        她兩年前就住在這里了。

        She lived here two years ago.

        兩年前她住在這里。

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