重點(diǎn)詞匯
1.check v. n. 檢查;審查
Check your homework before handing it in.
交作業(yè)以前先檢查一遍。
I think there is an age limit, but I’d have to check.
我覺得是有年齡限制的,但我得去核實(shí)一下。
I’ll just have a quick check to see if the letter has arrived yet.
我要快速查看一下,看看那封信是否已經(jīng)寄到。
check out 察看;觀察
Check out the prices at our new store!
看一看我們新商店的價(jià)格吧!
2.clear v. 清理;清除
It’s your turn to clear the table.
該輪到你收拾餐桌了。
clear out 清理;丟掉
We cleared out all our old clothes.
我們?nèi)拥袅怂械呐f衣服。
(1) clear adj. 清晰易懂的;明白清楚的
You’ll do as you’re told, is that clear?
叫你做什么你就去做什么,明白嗎?
(2) clearly adv. 清楚地;清晰地
Would you speak more clearly?
你能再說清楚一點(diǎn)嗎?
3.own v. 擁有;有
Do you own your house or do you rent it?
你的房子是自己的,還是租的?
(1) own adj. 自己的,本人的
It was her own idea.
那是她自己的主意。
(2) owner n. 物主;主人
The owner of the shop was sweeping his floor when I walked in.
我走進(jìn)去的時(shí)候店主正在掃地。
4.part v. 離開;分開
We parted at the airport.
我們?cè)陲w機(jī)場(chǎng)分手了。
I hate being parted from the children.
我不愿與孩子們分開。
part with 放棄;交出 (尤指不舍得的東西)
Make sure you read the contract before parting with any money.
一定要注意先看清合約再交錢。
part n. 部分
We spent part of the time in the museum.
我們花了一部分時(shí)間在博物館。
5.truthful adj. 誠(chéng)實(shí)的;真實(shí)的
Are you being completely truthful with me?
你跟我講的全是真話嗎?
(1) truth n. 真相;事實(shí)
Do you think she’s telling the truth?
你認(rèn)為她在講實(shí)話嗎?
(2) true adj. 符合事實(shí)的;如實(shí)的
The novel is based on a true story.
這部小說是根據(jù)真實(shí)的故事寫成的。
to tell (you) the truth 說實(shí)話,老實(shí)說
To tell you the truth, I’ll be glad to get home.
說實(shí)話,能回家我會(huì)很高興。
6.search v. n. 搜索;搜查
search作動(dòng)詞意為“搜查”時(shí),后面跟搜查的范圍,可跟人、房屋等名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)。而search for后面跟搜查的目標(biāo)。
She searched her desk for the necessary information.
她在她的書桌里搜尋必要的資料。
She went into the kitchen in search of (=looking for) a drink.
她進(jìn)了廚房,想找點(diǎn)喝的。
search out 找出;查到
The librarian finally searched out the book I wanted.
圖書管理員最后找出了我要借的那本書。
7.shame n. 羞恥;羞愧;慚愧
Her father and her brothers would die of shame.
她的父親和兄弟們會(huì)羞愧死的。
shame n. 令人惋惜的事;讓人遺憾的事
It would be a shame to stop the work halfway.
半途而廢就太遺憾了。
It’s a shame that she wasn’t here to see it.
真可惜她不能在這兒親眼看看。
8.regard v. 將……認(rèn)為;把……視為
regard... as... 把……視為……
He was regarded as the most successful president of modern times.
他被看成是近代最成功的總統(tǒng)。
9.opposite prep. 與……相對(duì);在……對(duì)面
adj. 對(duì)面的;另一邊的
The bank is opposite the supermarket.
銀行在超市的對(duì)面。
Answers are given on the opposite page.
答案在對(duì)頁(yè)上。
10. consider v. 注視;仔細(xì)考慮
He stood there, considering the painting.
他站在那里,凝視著那幅畫。
She considered her options.
她仔細(xì)考慮了自己的各種選擇。
We’re considering buying a new car.
我們?cè)诳紤]買一輛新車。
注意:consider意為“仔細(xì)考慮”時(shí),后面可接名詞和動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。
consider v. 認(rèn)為;視為
辨析:consider和regard
consider和regard都可指認(rèn)為、視為。consider 常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有consider sb/sth as sth (as可以省略);regard常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有regard sb/sth as sth (as不可以省略)。此外,consider 常用的結(jié)構(gòu)還有consider sb/sth to be sth (to be可以省略)。
I consider him (as) a friend. =I regard him as a friend.
我把他視為朋友。
This award is considered (to be) a great honour.
這項(xiàng)獎(jiǎng)被視為極大的榮譽(yù)。
11. hold v. 擁有;抓住
Employees hold 30% of the shares.
雇員持有30%的股份。
I held the mouse by its tail.
我抓著耗子的尾巴倒提起來(lái)。
(1) hold on 等一等;別掛電話
(2) hold on to 堅(jiān)持
重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)
1.no longer 不再;不復(fù)
no longer有時(shí)可用not... any longer或not... anymore替
換。
He no longer lives here.
=He doesn’t live here anymore/any longer.
他不再住這兒了。
2.to be honest 說實(shí)在的
To be honest, it was one of the worst books I’ve ever read.
說實(shí)在的,那是我讀過的最差的書之一。
honest adj. 誠(chéng)實(shí)的;老實(shí)的
He is an honest man.
他是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。
3.according to 依據(jù);按照
According to Mick, it’s a great movie.
據(jù)米克說,這是一部了不起的電影。
4.close to 幾乎;接近
He made a profit close to $200 million.
他賺了接近2億美元。
close by 在不遠(yuǎn)處
Our friends live close by.
我們的朋友住得不遠(yuǎn)。
即時(shí)練習(xí)
從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)填空。
as for part with check out clear out close to
1. I love my dad and I would never ______ him.
2. Those are some toys that we want to ______ .
3. ______ Jane, she’s doing fine.
4. She lives ______ a school.
5. Please ______ these names and numbers.
參考答案:
基本語(yǔ)法
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(III)
某些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。
1. 可以和表示延續(xù)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如“for+時(shí)間段”,“since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)”,“since+一段時(shí)間+ago”,“since+一般過去時(shí)的句子”。
I have lived here for 10 years.
=I have lived here since 10 years ago.
我已經(jīng)住在這里10年了。
He has worked at this factory since 2008.
自從2008年他就在這個(gè)工廠上班。
She has taught us since I came to this school.
自從我來(lái)到這所學(xué)校,她就一直教我們。
2. 表示持續(xù)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞多是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
短暫性動(dòng)詞 (buy, die, join, finish等) 不能直接與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用,需要轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
buy—have borrow—keep
put on—wear catch a cold—have a cold
get to know—knowget to sleep—sleep
begin/start—be ongo out—be out
open—be openclose—be closed
become—be die—be dead
finish/end—be overleave/go—be away
come/arrive/reach/get to—be (in)
fall asleep—be asleepmake friends—be friend
join—be in/be a member of
注意:非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
I haven’t seen him for three years.
我三年沒有看見他了。
3. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別
(1) 側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)側(cè)重于過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響;而一般過去時(shí)側(cè)重于某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間或某段時(shí)間。即現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況,而一般過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去。
I have seen the film.
我看過這部電影。(我了解這部電影的內(nèi)容。)
I saw the film three days ago.
三天前我看了這部電影。(只說明三天前看了這部電影,不涉及現(xiàn)在的情況。)
(2) 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不同
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以和already, yet, just, ever, never, before等副詞連用,還可以和“for+時(shí)間段”、“since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)”、“since+一段時(shí)間+ago”、“since+一般過去時(shí)的句子”等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用;而一般過去時(shí)則常與three weeks ago, just now, yesterday, last night等表示過去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。
She has lived here since two years ago.
她兩年前就住在這里了。
She lived here two years ago.
兩年前她住在這里。