建筑設(shè)計(jì)：華黎/跡·建筑事務(wù)所（TAO）

四分院，北京，中國(guó)

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：華黎/跡·建筑事務(wù)所（TAO）

四分院是一個(gè)北京歷史保護(hù)區(qū)城市更新的實(shí)驗(yàn)項(xiàng)目，一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)居住類型的轉(zhuǎn)化，一種對(duì)現(xiàn)代生活模式的應(yīng)變，一場(chǎng)尺度和建造的實(shí)驗(yàn)。

場(chǎng)地位于白塔寺旁邊的胡同片區(qū)之中，屬于北京城區(qū)內(nèi)33片文化保護(hù)區(qū)之一（阜成門內(nèi)大街片區(qū)）。

傳統(tǒng)四合院里位于中間的院子是當(dāng)之無愧的中心，所有的房間都朝向它。這種空間布局對(duì)應(yīng)著傳統(tǒng)的家庭生活，不再契合今天青年人的個(gè)人生活模式。個(gè)人生活的核心是私密性，所以我們的想法是將場(chǎng)地分為4組空間，每組包含一個(gè)房間和一個(gè)私人小院，它們各自朝向不同的方向，最終共同構(gòu)成一個(gè)風(fēng)車狀布局。通過這種方式，每個(gè)房間和院子的私密性都得到保護(hù)。對(duì)比于傳統(tǒng)四合院，本項(xiàng)目以四分院命名。從“合”到“分”的變化揭示出社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)和生活模式在住宅中的轉(zhuǎn)變。

尺度小巧卻功能齊全，氛圍親密卻向自然開放，現(xiàn)代生活卻具有傳統(tǒng)審美，四分院在北京舊城高密度歷史肌理中提供了一種生活的可能?！?/p>

1 北京舊城中的新居住可能/New living style in Beijing's old city2 總平面/Site plan

Split Courtyard House is a key urban regeneration project in Beijing, a transformation of traditional typology, an adaptation to new life style, and an experiment on scale and construction.

The site is located in the historic Hutong area near White Pagoda Temple (Baitasi, built in 1279AD), one of 33 conservation districts of history and culture in Beijing's historic city area.

In traditional courtyard house (Siheyuan), the courtyard is the center of the house and all rooms face the yard. Such spatial layout is responding to traditional family living, and no longer suitable for today's young individual life style. The core need of individual living now is privacy. So our idea is to divide the site into four sets of spaces, each with a room and a small but private yard. With each set facing a different orientation, together they form a pinwheel confguration on layout. In such way, privacy for each room and yard is ensured. In contrast to traditional courtyard house, this house is named split courtyard house (Sifenyuan, "四分院"). In Chinese, the change from "合"(Unity) to "分" (Split) suggests the transformation of social structure and life style in the house.

Small yet functional, intimate yet open to nature, a modern living style yet with attachment to Chinese traditional aesthetics, is what split patio house offers to urban individuals in high density historical context of Beijing's old city.□

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

業(yè)主/Client: 華融金盈投資發(fā)展有限公司/Huarongjinying Investment Development Co., Ltd.

地點(diǎn)/Location: 北京市西城區(qū)/Xicheng District, Beijing

主持建筑師/Principal Architect: 華黎/HUA Li

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Project Team: 張鋒，劉小亞，賴爾遜，劉文娟，伊戈?duì)枴げ祭佣唷べM(fèi)爾南德斯，張芝明，沈周婭，趙瑋/ZHANG Feng, LIU Xiaoya, LAI Erxun, LIU Wenjuan, Igor Bragado Fernandez, ZHANG Zhiming, SHEN Zhouya, ZHAO Wei

項(xiàng)目功能/Program: 出租公寓/Shared Rental House

結(jié)構(gòu)體系/Structural System: 賽木輕鋼墻體系統(tǒng)/Luxwood Lightweight Wall Panel System

建筑面積/Floor Area: 82m2

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Period: 2014.01-2014.06

建造時(shí)間/Construction Period: 2015.02-2015.05

3 客廳剖面/Section of living room4 臥室剖面/Section of bedroom5 首層平面/Floor 0 plan6 二層平面/Floor 1 plan7 進(jìn)入私人房間/Into each private room

8 夜晚的小院/Private courtyard at night9 投射于窗戶上的樹影/Shadow cast on windows10 共享客廳/Shared living room11 門廳/Entrance

評(píng)委評(píng)語

北京傳統(tǒng)四合院在近現(xiàn)代的城市社會(huì)變遷中經(jīng)歷了從大院到雜院的過程，它的改造對(duì)以北京胡同肌理為基礎(chǔ)的歷史風(fēng)貌保護(hù)有著極大的建筑學(xué)意義，也因此成為近年的學(xué)術(shù)熱點(diǎn)。四分院在這些設(shè)計(jì)思考中將雜院的現(xiàn)實(shí)和共享居住的現(xiàn)代生活樣式結(jié)合起來，提出了一個(gè)非常有價(jià)值的設(shè)計(jì)方式和完整的設(shè)計(jì)策略，值得褒獎(jiǎng)。□

Jury Statement

Beijing's traditional siheyuan developed from single-family (four building) courtyard houses into compounds split up between and occupied by many households, following the recent changes in urban society. This transformation has great significance for the preservation of the historical form and style of Beijing hutongs, and thus, has become the focus of attention in architectural history studies. Under this perspective, Split Courtyard House combines the historical division into smaller units and the modern organization of collective life into a valuable design strategy, worthy of praise.□

Split Courtyard House, Beijing, China, 2015

Architects: HUA Li/TAO (Trace Architecture Ofce)

12 享有天光的客廳空間/Living room lit up by skylight13 使用現(xiàn)代材料的室內(nèi)空間/Interior space constructed by modern materials14 風(fēng)車狀布局/Pinwheel confguration15 四分院所處胡同/The hutong leading to Split Courtyard House