文/李建高

數(shù)詞何時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式

文/李建高

責(zé)任編輯：李丁文

英語中，數(shù)詞包括基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞。通常情況下，基數(shù)詞表示事物的數(shù)量，序數(shù)詞表示事物的順序。如：

1）There are three hundred and sixty-five days in a year.一年有三百六十五天。

2）Today is her tenth birthday,so she is very happy.今天是她的十歲生日，所以她很開心。

此外，我們還會遇到許多數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，常見的有以下幾種情況：

一、表示約數(shù)時(shí)，常用“hundreds/thousands/millions/...+of”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中hundred, thousand,million等詞均要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：

1）Hundreds of people want to get the job.數(shù)以百計(jì)的人想得到這份工作。

2）Thanks to Project Hope,thousands of children have better lives now.多虧希望工程，現(xiàn)在成千上萬的孩子過上了更好的生活。

3）There are millions of living things on the earth.世界上有數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的生物。

例1（2016年永州卷）Mount Tai is so famous that______people visit it every day.

A.hundred of B.seven hundreds of C.hundreds of

例2（2016年安順卷）Unluckily,______people were killed in the earthquake.

A.two thousands B.thousand of C.two thousands of D.thousands of

例3（2015年天津卷）Basketball is so exciting that______people play it for fun.

A.million B.two millionsC.million of D.millions of

二、表示分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)，分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞。當(dāng)分子大于1時(shí)，分母的序數(shù)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。另外，表達(dá)四分之幾，可用“基數(shù)詞+quarter(s)”。如：

1）Three sevenths of the students in this class have bought dictionaries.這個(gè)班七分之三的學(xué)生已經(jīng)買了詞典。

2）Three fourths of the world’s books and newspapers are written in English.世界上四分之三的書和報(bào)紙是用英文寫的。

3）Three quarters of the water in this area has been polluted.這個(gè)地區(qū)四分之三的水已經(jīng)被污染。

注意：分?jǐn)?shù)與所修飾的名詞之間需加介詞of，當(dāng)“分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞須和of后的名詞保持一致。

例4（2016年濱州卷）—What do you think of the environment here?

—Wonderful!______of the land______covered with trees and grass.

A.Two fifths;is B.Two fifth;isC.Two fifths;are D.Two fifth;are

例5（2016年烏魯木齊卷）_____Kobe’s fans watched his final match and_____of them were men.

A.Million of;three fourths B.Three millions;third four

C.Millions of;three fourths D.Three million;third fours

例6（2016年蘭州卷）______of the students in Class 6 have lunch at school.

A.Two fifth B.One thirds C.Three fifth D.Three quarters

三、表示“某一世紀(jì)的幾十年代”時(shí)，在年代后加s（或加’s）。如：

1）The TV play tells a story in the 1970s.這個(gè)電視劇講述了20世紀(jì)70年代的一個(gè)故事。

2）Today we are going to show everyone clothes from the 1970s to the 1990s.今天我們要向大家展示20世紀(jì)70年代到90年代的服裝。

例7（2015年銅仁卷）About______of the students in Grade Nine this year were born in the______.

A.three five；1996 B.three fifths；1990s C.third fifth；1997 D.third fifths；1990s

四、表示“某人處于幾十多歲”時(shí)，用表示整十的基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：

1）My uncle had his own company in his twenties.我叔叔在二十多歲時(shí)就有了自己的公司。

2）Karl Marx began to learn Russian in his sixties.卡爾·馬克思六十多歲時(shí)開始學(xué)習(xí)俄語。

例8（2015年蘇州卷）Tony’s mum looks young and beautiful.It’s hard to imagine she is already in her______.

A.fifties B.fifty C.fiftieths D.fiftieth

五、用在習(xí)慣用語中。如：a bunch of fives“一只手；拳頭”；in twos and threes“三三兩兩”；by ones and twos“三三兩兩；零零散散”；by twos and threes“兩三個(gè)一次；三三兩兩”；at sixes and sevens“亂七八糟；不和”；on all fours“匍匐；爬著”；to the nines“完美”等。如：

1）Some of us know he’s got a bunch of fives.我們中間有些人知道他的拳頭很厲害。

2）They sit in twos and threes on the trim barber lawn.他們?nèi)齼蓛傻刈谛藜羝秸牟萜荷稀?/p>

3）They have just moved into the new house and everything is at sixes and sevens.他們剛搬進(jìn)新居，因此一切都亂哄哄的。

Key：1.C 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.A