河北 郭鵬舉

七選五型閱讀理解專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（一）

河北 郭鵬舉

Passage 1

“Where the hell did all these fruit f ies come from?!”Have you ever found your kitchen teeming with fruit f ies that seemed to appear out of nowhere? These tiny nuisances（令人討厭的東西） can quickly multiply in number，and be tough to get rid of once they’re around. 1._______

Fruit Flies Follow Fermenting（發(fā)酵的） Fruit

Fruit f ies are built to f nd fermenting fruit. 2._______If there’s a bowl of fruit on your kitchen counter，there’s probably a fruit f y or two looking for a way into your home to get to it. Because these insects are so tiny，they can get in through window screens or cracks around windows or doors.

3._______

Fruit f ies lay eggs on the skin of very ripe or fermenting fruit. Those bananas you brought home from the grocery store may already harbor a new generation of fruit f ies. If you let your tomatoes over ripen on the vine before picking them ，you may be harvesting fruit f y eggs along with your crop. Unrefrigerated fruit，whether its on display in the grocery store，still in the garden，or sitting in a bowl on your kitchen table，may attract fruit f ies.

How a Few Fruit Flies Quickly Become an Infestation（成群出沒(méi)）

4._______That means one overly ripe tomato left unused on your counter can give rise to a small fruit f y swarm within a week. Fruit flies are also known for their persistence once indoors. Although a female fruit f y adult will only live about a month at best，in that short time，she can lay 500 eggs. They don’t even need fruit to keep reproducing. Fruit f ies can breed in the slow-draining pipes，or on an old，sour mop or sponge. 5.________

A. Getting rid of fruit f ies for good.

B. Sometimes，fruit f ies hitch a ride into your home on fruits or vegetables.

C. So how did these fruit f ies get in your kitchen?

D. So you can get rid of all your fruit，but still f nd your home infested with fruit f ies.

E. Fruit f ies are known for fast life cycles；they can go from egg to adult in just 8 days.

F. Though small，they can detect the smell of ripe fruits and vegetables from a good distance away.

G. Before you know it，you’ve got yourself a fruit fly infestation.

Passage 2

When someone new moves into the neighborhood，it’s a good opportunity to make a friend. 1.___________So making the f rst move will be a welcome gesture.

Introduce Yourself and Say Hello

Make the first step by paying a visit to your neighbor. 2._______just a few minutes，so you don’t completely overwhelm（淹沒(méi)） them in the beginning. Once you break the ice，conversations will be easier going forward. Your neighbor will be more apt（有……傾向） to ask you things about the area，get restaurant suggestions，or just gab about their day. 3._______They’ll want to know about any new children in the neighborhood they can play with，too.

4.________

Offer to show them around your area by pointing out the grocery stores，playgrounds，and restaurants. This is an especially good option for introverts，who can enjoy someone on one conversation while you explore your neighborhood. End your tour with a stop at the cof fee shop，where you buy them a cup of joe before heading home.

Invite Them to a Community Event

5.________This will help you welcome the new people on the block and anyone else you haven’t connected with yet. You can do this by having a block party or inviting a group to a community event，farmer’s market，library sale，or something similar.

A. Give them a walking tour.

B. If you have kids，be sure to bring them along.

C. Some people feel comfortable inviting new people over for a home-cooked meal.

D. What better way to get closer to the people who live near you than by inviting all your neighbors to an event?

E. Your neighbor will want to get acquainted with everyone and may even be new to the entire city.

F. Make your visit brief at f rst.

G. Have dinner with them.

【參考答案與解析】

Passage 1

（文章出處：http://insects.about.com/od/insectssociety/ qt/Where-Do-Fruit-Flies-Come-From.htm）

【篇章解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章闡述了廚房匯聚大量果蠅的原因。其一，果蠅有著敏銳的嗅覺(jué)，能夠偵察到成熟水果的位置。其二，果蠅通過(guò)搭便車(chē)的方式進(jìn)入家庭。其三，果蠅繁殖能力很強(qiáng)。

1. C。解題方法一：根據(jù)文章第一段的特征可知，第一段提出問(wèn)題，本段語(yǔ)句多以問(wèn)句形式出現(xiàn)。故本題所在位置也應(yīng)該以問(wèn)句形式呈現(xiàn)。解題方法二：通讀全文可知，文章結(jié)構(gòu)為“總—分”型，第一段的結(jié)尾往往是從總到分的過(guò)渡句。C項(xiàng)符合過(guò)渡句的特征。

2. F。根據(jù)本段的標(biāo)題可知，果蠅有著跟蹤發(fā)酵水果的能力，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)意為“盡管氣味較弱，果蠅仍然能夠偵察到遠(yuǎn)處水果和蔬菜的味道”，兩者構(gòu)成同義轉(zhuǎn)述。

3. B。本文第二段和第四段都有一個(gè)小標(biāo)題，利用這一共性可知，本題所在位置應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)小標(biāo)題。標(biāo)題應(yīng)該具有一定的概括性，能夠概括本段的主要內(nèi)容。B項(xiàng)意為“果蠅有時(shí)候搭便車(chē)進(jìn)入家庭”，能夠概括本段的主旨大意。

4. E。解題方法一：根據(jù)下文“Fruit f ies are also known for their persistence once indoors”中的“also known for”可知，本段起始部分應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)一次“are known for”，故選E項(xiàng)。解題方法二：根據(jù)下文“That means one overly ripe tomato left unused on your counter can give rise to a small fruit f y swarm within a week”可知，前文應(yīng)該和本句構(gòu)成同義轉(zhuǎn)述，E項(xiàng)與本句意思相同。

5. D。根據(jù)前文“Fruit f ies can breed in the slow-draining pipes，or on an old，sour mop or sponge”可知，果蠅可以脫離水果蔬菜繁殖，與D選項(xiàng)“盡管可以處理掉水果蔬菜，但仍不能清除果蠅”構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。

Passage 2

（文章出處：http://friendship.about.com/od/Types_of_Friendships/qt/5-Ways-To-Welcome-A-New-Neighbor.htm）

【篇章解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章介紹了與新搬來(lái)的鄰居結(jié)識(shí)和相處的方法。一：主動(dòng)介紹自己與對(duì)方結(jié)識(shí)；二：帶鄰居四處走走；三：帶鄰居參加社區(qū)活動(dòng)。

1. E。根據(jù)下文中的“So making the f rst move will be a welcome gesture”可知，本題應(yīng)該與下文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。唯有E項(xiàng)能夠與下文構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。

2. F。本段首句“Make the f rst step by paying a visit to your neighbor”中的“paying a visit”與F項(xiàng)中的“visit”前后呼應(yīng)，利用關(guān)鍵詞復(fù)現(xiàn)法可確定答案為F。

3. B。下文“They’ll want to know about any new children in the neighborhood they can play with，too”中的代詞“they”指代的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是“children”，利用代詞的指代關(guān)系可以判定前文必然出現(xiàn)被代指的名詞“children”。故答案為B項(xiàng)。

4. A。本題所處位置應(yīng)該是一個(gè)小標(biāo)題，本文標(biāo)題有一個(gè)共性：均是一個(gè)祈使句。能夠滿(mǎn)足這一特征的只有A、F和G三個(gè)選項(xiàng)。但是唯有A項(xiàng)與本段首句“Offer to show them around your area”能夠構(gòu)成同義轉(zhuǎn)述。

5. D。本段標(biāo)題“Invite Them to a Community Event”與D項(xiàng)中的“inviting all your neighbors to an event”相呼應(yīng)。利用關(guān)鍵詞復(fù)現(xiàn)法可確定答案為D項(xiàng)。

（作者單位：河北省威縣第一中學(xué)）