張霞
在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活和教學(xué)實(shí)踐中,連系動(dòng)詞的用法可以說(shuō)是無(wú)處不有,其實(shí),有少數(shù)動(dòng)詞既可作連系動(dòng)詞又可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,下面我們一起看看連系動(dòng)詞有哪些用法。
一、表示主語(yǔ)的特征或狀態(tài)的連系動(dòng)詞有:be,feel,look,seem,appear,sound,smell,taste等。例如:
She is afraid that she wont be able to get together with her family during this spring festival. (恐怕她今年春節(jié)不能和家人團(tuán)聚了。)
He felt very disappointed at the bad/unlucky news. (他因那條不幸的消息感到非常失望。)
The popular music sounds very beautiful. (流行音樂(lè)聽(tīng)起來(lái)非常優(yōu)美。)
The sound sounded like the singing of the birds and the bleating of the sheep in the countryside. (那聲音聽(tīng)起來(lái)像鄉(xiāng)下的鳥(niǎo)鳴羊叫。)
The noodles with beef taste really delicious. (這牛肉面嘗起來(lái)味道真不錯(cuò)。)
二、表示主語(yǔ)由一種狀態(tài)變?yōu)榱硪环N狀態(tài)的有:become,get,grow,turn,fall,go,come等。例如:
He became very interested in learning English at the age of six. (他六歲時(shí)就對(duì)英語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣。)
The trees turn green and everything begins to grow in spring. (春天,樹(shù)變綠了,萬(wàn)物開(kāi)始生長(zhǎng)。)
The boy felt asleep as soon as he lay down after he finished his homework. (這孩子完成功課后一躺下就睡著了。)
The food in the fridge goes bad soon. (冰箱里的食物很快就變味兒了。)
三、表示主語(yǔ)保持某種狀態(tài)的連系動(dòng)詞有:keep,stay,continue,remain等。例如:
The little girl always keeps nervous when she answers the teachers questions in class. (那個(gè)小姑娘在課堂上在回答老師的問(wèn)題時(shí)總是很緊張。)
The temperature will stay/keep above zero in the day-time. (白天的溫度一直在零度以上。)
四、不同類型的系動(dòng)詞有時(shí)可以互相換用。如be與feel,seem與appear,become與grow,get與become, remain與stay等。例如:
She was so tired. = She felt so tired. (她太累了。)
He became young. = He grew young. (他變得年輕了。)
She remained calm. = She stayed calm. (她變得聰明了。)
The story seems/appears very instructive. (那故事似乎很有教育意義。)
五、連系動(dòng)詞的特別用法:
1. 表示突然變化時(shí)可以用turn;表示漸變時(shí)多用get或grow。例如:
Everyones face turned white after they heard the bad news. (當(dāng)他們聽(tīng)到那不幸的消息時(shí),每個(gè)人的臉色都變白了。)
Our country is getting stronger and richer now. (我們的國(guó)家變得越來(lái)越富強(qiáng)了。)
Our teachers hair is growing white. (我們老師的頭發(fā)逐漸變白了。)
2. 表示主語(yǔ)由好變壞或使人產(chǎn)生不愉快的情緒時(shí)常用go,與表示意義的或帶前綴un-的形容詞連用的常用come. 例如:
Everything goes very well. (一切順利。)
The meat went bad. (肉變質(zhì)了。)
Her beautiful dream has come true. (他的美夢(mèng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了。)
The knot came untied. (繩結(jié)解開(kāi)了。)
3. 在become 后面接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí),名詞前要用不定冠詞,而turn 后面的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前則不用。例如:
So people say the world itself is not becoming more and more peaceful. (世界本身變得越來(lái)越不太平了。)
He used to be a teacher till he turned writer. (他成為作家之前是名教師。)
4. 連系動(dòng)詞seem, appear和continue 都可接to be后再接名詞或形容詞,to be 也可以省