劉立波+陳一定+樂會軍+袁運斌+杜愛民

摘要：觀測研究顯示，電離層呈現(xiàn)不同時間尺度的變化，可以將這些變化分為氣候尺度和天氣尺度的變化。本研究有選擇地簡要介紹在電離層氣候學特性方面取得的相關進展，涉及如下內容：（1）電離層的季節(jié)變化，通過對綜合探測資料的分析和模式模擬，展示了在不同高度上季節(jié)變化特性的地區(qū)與全球圖像；（2）電離層的太陽活動性依賴，特別是系列工作發(fā)現(xiàn)，電離層電子密度對太陽極紫外（EUV）輻射通量的響應趨勢，在統(tǒng)計上可存在準線性、放大和飽和三種變化類型，與所處的高度和經緯度、季節(jié)、地方時有關；（3）電離層建模。這些工作深化了對電離層狀態(tài)與基本過程的認識，有助于研究電離層的天氣過程，并能夠為以后電離層建模、預報和相關工程應用提供有益的指導。

關鍵詞：電離層；氣候學；太陽活動

General report on "Response and application models of the ionosphere over 120°E meridional chain"

Abstract：The ionosphere varies over multiply time scales， which are classified into two categories： the climatology and weather variations. In this national report， we give a brief summary of recent progresses in ionospheric climatology with focus on （1） the seasonal variations， （2） solar cycle effects， and （3） empirical modelings of the ionosphere. The seasonal variations of the ionosphere have been explored in many works to give a more detailed picture with regional and global features at various altitudes by analyzing the observation data from various sources and modelings. Moreover， a series of studies reported the response of the ionosphere to solar cycle variations， which revealed some novel and detailed features of solar activity dependence of ionospheric parameters at different altitudes. These investigations have improved our understanding on the states of the ionosphere and underlying fundamental processes， provided clues to future studies on ionospheric weather， and guided ionospheric modeling， forecasting and related applications.

Keywords：ionosphere； climatology； solar activity

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