柯 本,陳艷霞,吳險(xiǎn)峰,黃 翀,秦曉華,房向東,涂衛(wèi)平
?
·論著·
他克莫司對高糖誘導(dǎo)人腎小管上皮細(xì)胞增殖與凋亡的影響及其作用機(jī)制研究
柯 本,陳艷霞,吳險(xiǎn)峰,黃 翀,秦曉華,房向東,涂衛(wèi)平
目的 探討他克莫司(FK506)對高糖誘導(dǎo)人腎小管上皮細(xì)胞(HK-2)增殖、凋亡及其表達(dá)相關(guān)炎性因子的影響。方法 于2014年10月—2015年5月,以人HK-2為研究對象,分為空白對照組、高糖誘導(dǎo)組(30 mmol/L高糖)、甘露醇組(24.5 mmol/L甘露醇)、20 μmol/L FK506對照組、不同濃度FK506干預(yù)組(30 mmol/L高糖+1、5、10、20 μmol/L FK506)及核因子(NF)-κB信號通路抑制劑組(30 μmol/L Bay11-7082+30 mmol/L高糖),各組均培養(yǎng)24 h。應(yīng)用反轉(zhuǎn)錄聚合酶鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)(RT-PCR)檢測各組HK-2 NF-κB mRNA的表達(dá);酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)(ELISA)檢測白介素6(IL-6)和腫瘤壞死因子α(TNF-α)的表達(dá);CCK-8法測定細(xì)胞增殖;流式細(xì)胞技術(shù)檢測細(xì)胞凋亡。結(jié)果 各組NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.001);其中高糖誘導(dǎo)組NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平高于空白對照組;不同濃度FK506干預(yù)組NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平低于高糖誘導(dǎo)組,且呈濃度依賴性;NF-κB信號通路抑制劑組NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平低于空白對照組、高糖誘導(dǎo)組及1、5、10 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組(P<0.05)。各組IL-6、TNF-α表達(dá)水平比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.001);其中高糖誘導(dǎo)組IL-6、TNF-α表達(dá)水平高于空白對照組;不同濃度FK506干預(yù)組IL-6、TNF-α表達(dá)水平高于空白對照組,低于高糖誘導(dǎo)組,且呈濃度依賴性;NF-κB信號通路抑制劑組IL-6、TNF-α表達(dá)水平高于空白對照組,低于高糖誘導(dǎo)組和1、5、10 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組(P<0.05)。處理方法與時(shí)間對HK-2增殖存在交互作用(F交互=16.315,P交互<0.001);處理方法對HK-2增殖主效應(yīng)顯著(F組間=24.618,P組間<0.001);時(shí)間對HK-2增殖主效應(yīng)顯著(F時(shí)間=16.315,P時(shí)間<0.001)。各組24 h凋亡率比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.001);其中高糖誘導(dǎo)組24 h凋亡率高于空白對照組;不同濃度FK506干預(yù)組和NF-κB信號通路抑制劑組24 h凋亡率低于高糖誘導(dǎo)組(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 FK506對正常人HK-2表現(xiàn)為毒性作用,而對高糖環(huán)境下的HK-2則表現(xiàn)為保護(hù)作用。高糖可通過NF-κB信號通路介導(dǎo)腎臟炎癥,而FK506緩解糖尿病腎病進(jìn)展的機(jī)制可能與NF-κB信號通路有關(guān)。
糖尿病腎病;腎小管上皮細(xì)胞;他羅利姆;NF-κB
柯本,陳艷霞,吳險(xiǎn)峰,等.他克莫司對高糖誘導(dǎo)人腎小管上皮細(xì)胞增殖與凋亡的影響及其作用機(jī)制研究[J].中國全科醫(yī)學(xué),2016,19(35):4354-4358,4363.[www.chinagp.net]
KE B,CHEN Y X,WU X F,et al.Efficacy of tacrolimus on the proliferation and apoptosis of high glucose-induced HK-2 cells and its possible mechanism[J].Chinese General Practice,2016,19(35):4354-4358,4363.
近年研究發(fā)現(xiàn)炎性反應(yīng)參與糖尿病腎病(DN)的發(fā)生、發(fā)展,特別是白介素6(IL-6)和腫瘤壞死因子α(TNF-α)在DN的發(fā)病階段起著重要作用[1]。核因子(NF)-κB是腎臟炎癥重要的啟動子,其能整合多種刺激產(chǎn)生的細(xì)胞內(nèi)信號,促進(jìn)細(xì)胞因子和趨化因子的表達(dá)[2]。由于在炎癥過程中起著重要作用,NF-κB一直是包括DN在內(nèi)的各種炎性疾病主要的治療靶標(biāo)[3]。有研究表明,高血糖、蛋白尿、血管緊張素Ⅱ等均會導(dǎo)致NF-κB在DN模型中激活[4],而激活的NF-κB會引起巨噬細(xì)胞的濾過,加重腎臟損害[5]。他克莫司(FK506)是一種新型免疫抑制劑,有研究報(bào)道其通過抗炎作用能防止早期DN的發(fā)展[6],但具體作用機(jī)制尚不十分清楚。本研究通過高糖誘導(dǎo)人腎小管上皮細(xì)胞(HK-2)模擬體內(nèi)DN環(huán)境,觀察FK506對HK-2的影響,并探討其保護(hù)腎臟的可能機(jī)制。
1.1 主要試劑 他克莫司〔安斯泰來制藥有限公司(J20140942,1 mg/片)〕,高糖、甘露醇(美國Sigma),NF-κB信號通路抑制劑Bay11-7082(美國Santa Cruz公司),DMEM 1640培養(yǎng)基(美國Hyclone公司),胎牛血清(杭州四季青生物工程材料有限公司),0.25%胰蛋白酶(美國Gibco公司),RNA抽提試劑Trizol〔天根生化科技(北京)有限公司〕,反轉(zhuǎn)錄聚合酶鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)(RT-PCR)試劑盒(日本Takara公司),2×Easy Taq PCR SuperMix(北京全式金生物技術(shù)有限公司),聚合酶鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)(PCR)引物由上海英駿生物技術(shù)有限公司合成,CCK-8試劑盒(北京賽馳生物科技有限公司),人IL-6及TNF-α定量酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)(ELISA)試劑盒(武漢優(yōu)爾生科技股份有限公司),流式細(xì)胞凋亡檢測試劑盒(凱基生物科技發(fā)展有限公司)。
1.2 主要儀器 核酸微量蛋白測定儀、PCR擴(kuò)增儀、凝膠圖像成像系統(tǒng)(美國Bio-Rad),DYPC-31DN型電泳儀(北京市六一儀器廠),酶標(biāo)儀(美國Thermo公司),流式細(xì)胞儀(美國Beckman)。
1.3 HK-2培養(yǎng)及實(shí)驗(yàn)分組 于2014年10月—2015年5月,HK-2購自上海中科院細(xì)胞庫。用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM 1640培養(yǎng)基在37 ℃、5% CO2培養(yǎng)箱中培養(yǎng),細(xì)胞生長至70%~80%融合時(shí)采用胰蛋白酶-乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)消化液(含0.25%胰蛋白酶及0.02% EDTA)消化傳代。將實(shí)驗(yàn)分為:空白對照組、高糖誘導(dǎo)組(30 mmol/L高糖)、甘露醇組(24.5 mmol/L甘露醇)、20 μmol/L FK506對照組、不同濃度FK506干預(yù)組(30 mmol/L高糖+1、5、10、20 μmol/L FK506)及NF-κB信號通路抑制劑組(30 μmol/L Bay11-7082+30 mmol/L高糖),培養(yǎng)24 h。
1.4 方法
1.4.1 RT-PCR檢測HK-2 NF-κB mRNA的表達(dá) 采用Trizol法提取各組細(xì)胞總RNA(RNA simple總RNA提取試劑盒)。按照Takara反轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒說明書反轉(zhuǎn)錄合成cDNA。以人β-actin為內(nèi)參照。引物序列根據(jù)國際互聯(lián)網(wǎng)cDNA文庫檢索的原始序列設(shè)計(jì)。NF-κB引物序列:上游引物5′-CCTTCCAAGAAGAGCAGCGT-3′,下游引物5′-GCCTGGTCCCGTGAAATACA-3′,擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物長度269 bp。β-actin引物序列:上游引物5′-CGGGAAATCGTGCGTGAC-3′,下游引物5′-TGGAAGGTGGACAGCGAGG-3′,擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物長度434 bp。反應(yīng)條件:94 ℃預(yù)變性5 min,60 ℃退火30 s,72 ℃延伸7 min,共32個(gè)循環(huán)。取PCR擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物10 μl于2%瓊脂糖凝膠電泳,紫外凝膠成像分析儀觀察。實(shí)驗(yàn)重復(fù)3次。
1.4.2 ELISA檢測IL-6和TNF-α的表達(dá) 收集細(xì)胞上清液,按各ELISA試劑盒說明書進(jìn)行操作,于酶標(biāo)儀450 nm處測A值,繪制標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線,根據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線方程求出樣品IL-6及TNF-α表達(dá)水平。實(shí)驗(yàn)重復(fù)3次。
1.4.3 CCK-8法檢測細(xì)胞增殖 將1×105個(gè)/ml細(xì)胞懸液接種于96孔培養(yǎng)板,每孔加入細(xì)胞懸液200 μl,細(xì)胞生長至70%~80%融合狀態(tài)時(shí)換無血清DMEM同步24 h,然后分別加入不同濃度的刺激藥物,分別作用24、48、72 h,每組設(shè)5個(gè)復(fù)孔。于酶標(biāo)儀450 nm處測定吸光度(OD)值。實(shí)驗(yàn)重復(fù)3次。
1.4.4 流式細(xì)胞儀檢測細(xì)胞凋亡 將1×106個(gè)/ml細(xì)胞懸液接種于6孔培養(yǎng)板,每孔加入細(xì)胞懸液2 ml,加入不同濃度的藥物作用24 h后,將各組細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)移至流式管中,1 000 r/min常溫離心5 min,離心半徑15 cm。棄上清液,每管加入1 ml冷磷酸鹽緩沖液(PBS),1 000 r/min常溫離心5 min,離心半徑15 cm,重復(fù)3次。棄上清液后,每管加入100 μl Binding Buffer并吹打混勻,再分別加入5 μl Annexin-PI和5 μl 7-ADD混勻,室溫避光反應(yīng)15 min(裸細(xì)胞組以PBS代替Annexin-PI和7-ADD)。取出流式管,于流式細(xì)胞儀上檢測凋亡率。實(shí)驗(yàn)重復(fù)3次。
2.1 各組NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平 各組NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.001);其中高糖誘導(dǎo)組NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平高于空白對照組;不同濃度FK506干預(yù)組NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平低于高糖誘導(dǎo)組;5 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組、10 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組、20 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平低于1 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組;10 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組、20 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平低于5 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組;20 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平低于10 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組;NF-κB信號通路抑制劑組NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平低于空白對照組、高糖誘導(dǎo)組及1、5、10 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05,見圖1、表1)。
注:M=Marker,1=空白對照組,2=高糖誘導(dǎo)組,3=甘露醇組,4=20 μmol/L FK506對照組,5=1 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組,6=5 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組,7=10 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組,8=20 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組,9=NF-κB信號通路抑制劑組;NF-κB=核因子κB
圖1 各組NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平
Figure 1 The expression level of NF-κB mRNA in different groups
Table 1 Comparison of expression level of NF-κB mRNA among different groups
組別NF-κBmRNA空白對照組0.673±0.004高糖誘導(dǎo)組1.652±0.013a甘露醇組0.664±0.00420μmol/LFK506對照組1.364±0.0161μmol/LFK506干預(yù)組0.762±0.013ab5μmol/LFK506干預(yù)組0.645±0.011abc10μmol/LFK506干預(yù)組0.226±0.019abcd20μmol/LFK506干預(yù)組0.181±0.031abcdeNF-κB信號通路抑制劑組0.153±0.042abcdeF值2721.354P值<0.001
注:與空白對照組比較,aP<0.05;與高糖誘導(dǎo)組比較,bP<0.05;與1 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組比較,cP<0.05;與5 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組比較,dP<0.05;與10 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組比較,eP<0.05;NF-κB=核因子κB
2.2 各組IL-6及TNF-α表達(dá)水平 各組IL-6、TNF-α表達(dá)水平比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.001);其中高糖誘導(dǎo)組IL-6、TNF-α表達(dá)水平高于空白對照組;不同濃度FK506干預(yù)組IL-6、TNF-α表達(dá)水平高于空白對照組,低于高糖誘導(dǎo)組,且呈濃度依賴性;NF-κB信號通路抑制劑組IL-6、TNF-α表達(dá)水平高于空白對照組,低于高糖誘導(dǎo)組和1、5、10 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05,見表2)。
Table 2 Comparison of the expression levels of IL-6 and TNF-α among different groups
組別IL-6TNF-α空白對照組5.364±0.0565.707±0.069高糖誘導(dǎo)組19.678±0.061a17.779±0.112a甘露醇組6.278±0.0385.579±0.12620μmol/LFK506對照組22.307±0.14221.886±0.0891μmol/LFK506干預(yù)組16.303±0.027ab15.436±0.048ab5μmol/LFK506干預(yù)組12.129±0.069abc13.634±0.073abc10μmol/LFK506干預(yù)組10.222±0.046abcd11.414±0.050abcd20μmol/LFK506干預(yù)組8.307±0.035abcde9.841±0.051abcdeNF-κB信號通路抑制劑組6.488±0.034abcde7.520±0.067abcdeF值45072.79224347.397P值<0.001<0.001
注:與空白對照組比較,aP<0.05;與高糖誘導(dǎo)組比較,bP<0.05;與1 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組比較,cP<0.05;與5 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組比較,dP<0.05;與10 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組比較,eP<0.05;IL-6=白介素6,TNF-α=腫瘤壞死因子α
2.3 高糖、FK506、Bay11-7082對HK-2增殖的影響 處理方法與時(shí)間對HK-2增殖存在交互作用;處理方法對HK-2增殖主效應(yīng)顯著;時(shí)間對HK-2增殖主效應(yīng)顯著(F交互=16.315,P交互<0.001;F組間=24.618,P組間<0.001;F時(shí)間=16.315,P時(shí)間<0.001,見表3)。
2.4 高糖、FK506、Bay11-7082對HK-2凋亡的影響 各組細(xì)胞經(jīng)藥物干預(yù)24 h后,20 μmol/L FK506對照組可顯著誘導(dǎo)HK-2凋亡,其早期+晚期凋亡率最高可達(dá)88.520%。各組24 h凋亡率比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.001);其中高糖誘導(dǎo)組24 h凋亡率高于空白對照組;不同濃度FK506干預(yù)組和NF-κB信號通路抑制劑組24 h凋亡率低于高糖誘導(dǎo)組,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05,見圖2、表4)。
Table 4 Comparison of 24 h apoptosis rate of HK-2 cells among different groups
組別24h凋亡率空白對照組3.184±0.028高糖誘導(dǎo)組29.722±0.171a甘露醇組3.459±0.11520μmol/LFK506對照組88.461±0.4941μmol/LFK506干預(yù)組14.342±0.480b5μmol/LFK506干預(yù)組9.367±0.185b10μmol/LFK506干預(yù)組10.234±0.214b20μmol/LFK506干預(yù)組6.773±0.217bNF-κB信號通路抑制劑組10.573±0.176bF值30492.736P值<0.001
注:與空白對照組比較,aP<0.05;與高糖誘導(dǎo)組比較,bP<0.05
表3 各組不同時(shí)間HK-2 OD值比較
注:與空白對照組比較,aP<0.05;與高糖誘導(dǎo)組比較,bP<0.05;與1 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組比較,cP<0.05;與5 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組比較,dP<0.05;與10 μmol/L FK506干預(yù)組比較,eP<0.05
圖2 流式細(xì)胞儀檢測各組細(xì)胞24 h凋亡率
本研究結(jié)果顯示,高糖可顯著抑制HK-2增殖,以72 h最顯著。高濃度FK506對正常人HK-2也起抑制作用。各濃度FK506能促進(jìn)高糖誘導(dǎo)的HK-2增殖,且呈一定濃度、時(shí)間依賴性。RT-PCR顯示,高糖誘導(dǎo)組NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平較空白對照組顯著升高,表明高糖能促進(jìn)NF-κB的表達(dá)。而不同濃度FK506干預(yù)組NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平較高糖誘導(dǎo)組顯著下降,說明FK506在高糖環(huán)境下能保護(hù)腎臟細(xì)胞,且呈濃度依賴性。ELISA結(jié)果顯示,不同濃度FK506干預(yù)組IL-6及TNF-α表達(dá)水平較高糖誘導(dǎo)組及20 μmol/L FK506對照組顯著下降,提示FK506在高糖環(huán)境中能抑制HK-2炎性因子的分泌,保護(hù)腎臟。流式細(xì)胞儀檢測細(xì)胞凋亡結(jié)果顯示,高糖能誘導(dǎo)HK-2凋亡,24 h凋亡率為29.722%。高濃度FK506能顯著誘導(dǎo)正常人HK-2凋亡,且其早期+晚期凋亡率最高可達(dá)88.520%。而各濃度FK506能顯著抑制高糖誘導(dǎo)的HK-2凋亡,抑制由高糖引起的腎損害。本實(shí)驗(yàn)將NF-κB信號通路抑制劑Bay11-7082作用于高糖培養(yǎng)的HK-2后發(fā)現(xiàn),細(xì)胞凋亡及炎性因子分泌均較高糖誘導(dǎo)組顯著下降,且NF-κB mRNA表達(dá)水平較高糖誘導(dǎo)組也顯著下降。均表明高糖可通過NF-κB信號通路造成腎臟損傷,而FK506在一定濃度范圍內(nèi)能緩解因高糖導(dǎo)致的腎損害,其機(jī)制可能與NF-κB信號通路有關(guān)。
已有研究表明,F(xiàn)K506可顯著抑制體外培養(yǎng)的正常人腎小球系膜細(xì)胞與HK-2的增殖[7-8]。而一定濃度FK506可防止早期DN的發(fā)展[6]。DN的發(fā)病機(jī)制較復(fù)雜,涉及代謝、生化和炎癥過程。高血糖是導(dǎo)致糖尿病患者葡萄糖穩(wěn)態(tài)及正常細(xì)胞信號通路發(fā)生改變的主要原因,然而慢性炎癥及NF-κB的激活是導(dǎo)致糖尿病并發(fā)癥的主要原因[3]。WU等[9]發(fā)現(xiàn),F(xiàn)K506在糖尿病大鼠模型中可抑制腎組織NF-κB的激活與表達(dá),其機(jī)制可能與腎臟巨噬細(xì)胞中NF-κB/p-p65受抑制有關(guān)。還有研究報(bào)道,F(xiàn)K506具有抗炎癥作用,其通過調(diào)節(jié)NF-κB,特別是抑制NF-κB/p65亞基的激活與轉(zhuǎn)錄,下調(diào)炎性因子TNF-α的表達(dá)[10]。然而,與上述觀點(diǎn)相反,有研究報(bào)道,經(jīng)長期FK506治療的大鼠會導(dǎo)致慢性腎損傷,包括:小動脈病、腎小管損傷、單核細(xì)胞/巨噬細(xì)胞聚集,最終引起腎臟纖維化,其機(jī)制與FK506增加了腎皮質(zhì)NF-κB-DNA復(fù)合物的活性有關(guān)[11]。
與上述觀點(diǎn)一致,本實(shí)驗(yàn)也證明,高濃度FK506對正常人HK-2具有毒性作用,會抑制人HK-2增殖,增加炎性因子的產(chǎn)生并誘導(dǎo)其凋亡。而將FK506作用于高糖誘導(dǎo)的HK-2時(shí),其表現(xiàn)出保護(hù)腎臟、減少腎臟炎性因子分泌的能力。這個(gè)看似矛盾的特性也許與FK506的劑量有關(guān),但這種特性的發(fā)生機(jī)制仍不清楚,且關(guān)于此方面的報(bào)道也較少,本實(shí)驗(yàn)認(rèn)為這種特性與NF-κB信號通路有關(guān)。
作者貢獻(xiàn):柯本、陳艷霞進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)施與資料收集整理;吳險(xiǎn)峰對實(shí)驗(yàn)資料進(jìn)行評估并撰寫論文;黃翀、秦曉華進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)質(zhì)量控制;房向東、涂衛(wèi)平進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)、論文審校,并對文章負(fù)責(zé)。
本文無利益沖突。
[1]MAO L,JI F,LIU Y,et al.Calcitriol plays a protective role in diabetic nephropathy through anti-inflammatory effects[J].Int J Clin Exp Med,2014,7(12):5437-5444.[2]GONZLEZ-GUERRERO C,OCAA-SALCEDA C,BERZAL S,et al.Calcineurin inhibitors recruit protein kinases JAK2 and JNK,TLR signaling and the UPR to activate NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses in kidney tubular cells[J].Toxicol Appl Pharmacol,2013,272(3):825-841.
[3]KOLATI S R,KASALA E R,BODDULURU L N,et al.BAY 11-7082 ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by attenuating hyperglycemia-mediated oxidative stress and renal inflammation via NF-κB pathway[J].Environ Toxicol Pharmacol,2015,39(2):690-699.
[4]LEE J,RHEE M H,KIM E,et al.BAY 11-7082 is a broad-spectrum inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity against multiple targets[J].Mediators Inflamm,2012,2012:416036.
[5]CHEN L,ZHANG J,ZHANG Y,et al.Improvement of inflammatory responses associated with NF-kappa B pathway in kidneys from diabetic rats[J].Inflamm Res,2008,57(5):199-204.
[6]GOOCH J L,GORIN Y,ZHANG B X,et al.Involvement of calcineurin in transforming growth factor-beta-mediated regulation of extracellular matrix accumulation[J].J Biol Chem,2004,279(15):15561-15570.
[7]白波,李榮山,沈芳芳,等.他克莫司對人腎小球系膜細(xì)胞增殖的影響[J].中國藥物與臨床,2010,10 (5):512-514. BAI B,LI R S,SHEN F F,et al.Effects of Tacrolimus on proliferation of human mesangial cells[J].Chinese Remedies & Clinics,2010,10(5):512-514.
[8]WANG W,CHAN Y H,LEE W,et al.Effect of rapamycin and FK506 on mesangial cell proliferation[J].Transplant Proc,2001,33(1/2):1036-1037.
[9]WU Y,WANG Y,QI X,et al.Increased macrophage activation inhibited by tacrolimus in the kidney of diabetic rats[J].Nephron Exp Nephrol,2014,128(1/2):46-56.
[10]LAN C C,YU H S,WU C S,et al.FK506 inhibits tumour necrosis factor-alpha secretion in human keratinocytes via regulation of nuclear factor-kappaB[J].Br J Dermatol,2005,153(4):725-732.
[11]TAMADA S,NAKATANI T,ASAI T,et al.Inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB activation by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate prevents chronic FK506 nephropathy[J].Kidney Int,2003,63(1):306-314.
(本文編輯:賈萌萌)
Efficacy of Tacrolimus on the Proliferation and Apoptosis of High Glucose-induced HK-2 Cells and Its Possible Mechanism
KEBen,CHENYan-xia,WUXian-feng,HUANGChong,QINXiao-hua,F(xiàn)ANGXiang-dong,TUWei-ping.
DepartmentofNephrology,theSecondAffiliatedHospitalofNanchangUniversity,Nanchang330006,China
Correspondingauthor:FANGXiang-dong,DepartmentofNephrology,theSecondAffiliatedHospitalofNanchangUniversity,Nanchang330006,China;E-mail:xiangdongfang818@sina.com
Objective To investigate the efficacy of tacrolimus(FK506)on the proliferation,apoptosis and expression of inflammatory factors of high glucose-induced human renal tubular epithelial(HK-2)cells.Methods From October 2014 to May 2015,HK-2 cells cultured in vitro were randomly divided into a blank control group,high glucose induction group(30 mmol/L high glucose),mannitol induction group(24.5 mmol/L mannitol),20 μmol/L FK506 control group,different concentration FK506 inhibition groups(30 mmol/L high glucose+1,5,10 and 20 μmol/L FK506),and NF-κB signaling inhibitor group(30 μmol/L Bay11-7082+30 mmol/L high glucose).After 24 hours of intervention,the expression level of NF-κB mRNA was determined by RT-PCR;those of interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in supernatant were detected by ELISA;cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8;cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.Results The difference in the expression level of NF-κB mRNA among the groups showed a statistical significance(P<0.001).Compared with the high glucose induction group,the expression level of NF-κB mRNA was lower in the blank control group(P<0.05);and it was also lower in 1,5,10,20 μmol/L FK506 inhibition groups in a concentration dependent manner(P<0.05).NF-κB signaling inhibitor group had lower expression level of NF-κB mRNA than the blank control group,high glucose induction group,and 1,5,10 μmol/L FK506 inhibition groups(P<0.05).The expression levels of both IL-6 and TNF-α were statistically significant among all the groups(P<0.001).Compared with the blank control group,the expression levels of both IL-6 and TNF-α were higher in the high glucose induction group(P<0.05).The expression levels of both IL-6 and TNF-α were higher in the 1,5,10,20 μmol/L FK506 inhibition groups than those in the blank control group,but lower than those in the high glucose induction group in a concentration dependent manner(P<0.05).Compared with the NF-κB signaling inhibitor group,the expression levels of both IL-6 and TNF-α were lower in the blank group and higher in the high glucose induction group and 1,5,10 μmol/L FK506 inhibition groups(P<0.05).CCK-8 method showed that processing method and time exerted interaction effect on the proliferation of HK-2 cells;processing method led to main effect on the proliferation of HK-2 cells;processing time had main effect on the proliferation of HK-2 cells(Finteraction effect=16.315,Pinteraction effect<0.001;Fgroup=24.618,Pgroup<0.001;Ftime=16.315,Ptime<0.001).The results of flow cytometry analysis showed that the difference in 24 h apoptosis rate of HK-2 cells among all the groups exhibited statistical significance(P<0.001).Compared with the high glucose induction group,the 24 h apoptosis rate of HK-2 cells was lower in the bland control group;and it was also lower in 1,5,10,20 μmol/L FK506 inhibition groups and the NF-κB signaling inhibitor group(P<0.05).Conclusion FK506 showed cytotoxicity for human normal HK-2 cells,while the HK-2 cells under high glucose FK506 is manifested protection.High glucose mediated kidney inflammation through NF-κB signaling,and FK506 alleviated the progression of diabetic nephropathy,which may be related to NF-κB signaling.
Diabetic nephropathies;HK-2 cells;Tacrolimus;NF-kappa B
國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(81460142)
330006江西省南昌市,南昌大學(xué)第二附屬醫(yī)院腎內(nèi)科
房向東,330006江西省南昌市,南昌大學(xué)第二附屬醫(yī)院腎內(nèi)科;E-mail:xiangdongfang818@sina.com
R 587.24
A
10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2016.35.013
2016-02-17;
2016-08-20)