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        貴州貝爾蛛屬一新種記述(蜘蛛目:幽靈蛛科)

        2016-12-12 10:04:40陳會明余志剛郭軒
        四川動物 2016年2期
        關(guān)鍵詞:新種圖版幽靈

        陳會明, 余志剛, 郭軒

        (貴州科學院生物研究所,貴陽550009)

        ?

        DOI:10.11984/j.issn.1000-7083.20150275

        貴州貝爾蛛屬一新種記述(蜘蛛目:幽靈蛛科)

        陳會明, 余志剛, 郭軒*

        (貴州科學院生物研究所,貴陽550009)

        記述采自貴州省施秉縣貝爾蛛屬Belisana一新種,李氏貝爾蛛Belisanaliisp. nov.。該新種近似于沿河貝爾蛛BelisanayanheChenetal.,2009,主要區(qū)別有:本種跗前突末端為3層膜片疊加,且頂部形成具2個小的椎形結(jié)構(gòu),而后者僅有2層膜片疊加,頂部只形成1個三角形結(jié)構(gòu);雄蛛螯肢末突長而末端強烈向后彎曲,雄蛛螯肢下側(cè)突向內(nèi)彎曲等特征區(qū)分。模式標本保存于貴州科學院生物研究所。

        幽靈蛛科;新種;貴州

        Belisanaliisp. nov. (Plate Ⅰ: 1~4; Plate Ⅱ: 5~9)

        Type material. Holotype:♂, Tankan cave, Labatong, Niudachang town, Shibing county, Guizhou province, China, 27°12.495′N, 108°01.884′E, Alt.: 1 051 m, 19 July 2012, collected by H.M. Chen and X. Guo. Paratype: 1♂and 3 ♀♀, same data as holotype.

        Etymology: The specific name a patronym in honor of the Pro. Zhumei Li; noun in genitive case.

        Diagnosis: Distinguished from those relatives by the shapes of procursus (Plate Ⅰ: 3~4; Plate Ⅱ: 5~6), bulbul projections (Plate Ⅰ: 3, Plate Ⅱ: 5) on the male, and the female genitalia (external aspect and internal structures, Plate Ⅱ: 8). The new species is similar toB.yanheChenetal., 2009 by the tile-shape embolus and membranous end part of procursus. Distinguished fromB.yanheby 3 layered membranes at the end (Plate Ⅱ: 5), and 2 subuliform formations on the tip of procursus (Plate Ⅱ: 6), while inB.yanhe, only 2 layered membranes and 1 triangular formation; the distal apophysis on male chelicerae (DA) bend entad at the end (Plate Ⅱ: 9) and the proximolateral apophysis on male chelicerae (PLA) bend forth at the end (Plate Ⅱ: 9), the DA bend forth at the end and PLA without bend inB.yanhe.

        Description: Male holotype. Total length 1.22 (1.32 with clypeus), carapace width 0.36. Leg Ⅰ: 7.45 (2.20+0.15+2.34+2.43+0.33), tibia Ⅱ: 1.52, tibia Ⅲ: 1.70, tibia Ⅳ: 1.36; tibia Ⅰ L/d: 67. Habitus as in Plate Ⅰ: 1. Carapace cream-colored, with dark lateral marks down the carapace. Thoracic furrow absent (Plate Ⅰ: 1). Sternum yellowish, legs yellowish, without darker rings on coxa. Opisthosoma milk-white, with darker spots (Plate Ⅰ: 1), without sparse hairs. Ocular area not elevated, six eyes in two triads, distance PME-PME 0.07; diameter PME 0.05; distance PME-ALE 0.01. Clypeus modified. Sternum 0.29 long, 0.30 wide. Chelicerae as in Fig. 9, with pair of curved apophyses, tips modified, 0.33 apart. Palps as in Plate Ⅰ: 3~4; Plate Ⅱ: 5~6; trochanter with retrolateral apophysis, procursus without spine (Plate Ⅰ: 3~4; Plate Ⅱ: 5~6) and with ventral membranous flap (broad), bulb with hooked apophysis (Plate Ⅰ: 3, Plate Ⅱ: 5). Retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia Ⅰ lost maybe; legs without spines and curved hairs; tarsus Ⅰ with approximately 24 pseudosegments.

        Female paratype. In general similar to male. Epigynum simple externally (Plate Ⅱ: 7), dorsal view as in Plate Ⅱ: 8. Opisthosoma milk-white, with some slightly darker spots visible through cuticle dorso-laterally.

        貝爾蛛屬Belisana由T. Thorell于1898年建立,后來Huber(2005)作了全面的修訂并描述了一些新的種類。到目前為止,全球已知有貝爾蛛屬111種(World Spider Catalog,2015),主要分布于中國(貴州、海南、安徽、廣東、廣西、云南、福建、西藏),帕勞群島,日本,韓國,印度尼西亞,泰國,菲律賓,澳大利亞,越南,斯里蘭卡,老撾,印度,斐濟,巴布亞新幾內(nèi)亞,新加坡,馬來西亞,緬甸,加羅林群島(Thorell,1898;Simon,1909;Komatsu,1961;Paik,1978;王家福,1983;徐亞君,王家福,1984;胡金林,1985;屠黑鎖,1994;Huber,2001,2005;Irie,2002;Zhangetal.,2006;Tong & Li,2007,2008,2009;Zhangetal.,2008;Chenetal.,2009;Yao & Li,2013;Yaoetal.,2014,2015),中國已報道30種。

        貝爾蛛類群屬于熱帶分布類型的蜘蛛,主要分布于東南亞地區(qū)。分布貴州的種類已知有5種,大部分(4種)都采集于喀斯特洞穴中,本新種也采集于喀斯特洞穴。

        作者在鑒定采自貴州省的幽靈蛛科標本時,發(fā)現(xiàn)貝爾蛛屬一新種,將其命名為李氏貝爾蛛Belisanaliisp. nov.。本文測量單位均為mm。分類學描述和術(shù)語根據(jù)Huber(2005)的標準。模式標本保存于貴州科學院生物研究所。

        李氏貝爾蛛Belisanaliisp. nov.(圖版Ⅰ:1~4;圖版Ⅱ:5~9)

        正?!幔F州省施秉縣牛大場鎮(zhèn)喇叭筒塘坎洞(27°12.495′N,108°01.884′E,海拔:1 051 m),2012年7月19日,陳會明、郭軒采。副模:1♂,3♀♀,采集信息同正模。

        詞源學:新種種名源自貴州科學院生物研究所李筑眉教授的姓氏“Li”,以此感謝他多年來對我們研究工作的鼓勵和支持。

        鑒別特征:區(qū)別于其他種的特征是,跗前突的形狀(PR,圖版Ⅰ:3~4,圖版Ⅱ:5~6),生殖球突形狀(BA,圖版Ⅰ:3,圖版Ⅱ:5),外雌器結(jié)構(gòu)(圖版Ⅱ:7~8)。本新種類似于B.yanheChenetal.,2009,雄蛛觸肢都具有瓦狀插入器及跗前突末端的相似膜狀結(jié)構(gòu),這也是與本屬其他種的最大區(qū)別。但本種跗前突末端為3層膜片疊加,且頂部形成具2個小的錐形結(jié)構(gòu),而后者僅有2層膜片疊加,頂部只形成1個三角形結(jié)構(gòu);雄蛛螯肢末突(DA)末端部分強烈向后彎曲(圖版Ⅱ:9),雄蛛螯肢下側(cè)突(PLA)向外彎曲(圖版Ⅱ:9),而B.yanhe雄蛛螯肢末突末端是向前彎曲,螯肢下側(cè)突不彎曲。

        描述:正模(圖版Ⅰ:1),雄蛛,體長1.8(包括額1.9)。頭胸部寬0.36。步足Ⅰ:7.45(2.20+0.15+2.34+2.43+0.33),脛節(jié)Ⅱ 1.52,脛節(jié)Ⅲ 1.70,脛節(jié)Ⅳ 1.36;脛節(jié)Ⅰ長:寬=67。體形如圖版Ⅰ:1。背甲乳黃色,具暗色側(cè)斑,無中溝(圖版Ⅰ:1);胸板乳黃色。步足淡黃色,基節(jié)無暗色環(huán)。腹部乳白色,具暗色斑(圖版Ⅰ:1),無毛。眼域不隆起,6眼2叢;眼距,PME-PME 0.07;眼徑,PME 0.05;眼距,PME-ALE 0.01。額末特化。胸板長0.29,寬0.30。螯肢如圖版Ⅱ:9,具1對曲突,末端特化,相互距離為0.33。觸肢如圖版Ⅰ:3~4,圖版Ⅱ:5~6;轉(zhuǎn)節(jié)具后側(cè)突;跗前突無刺(圖版Ⅰ:3~4,圖版Ⅱ:5~6);具寬闊的腹膜;生殖球具鉤狀突(圖版Ⅰ:3、圖版Ⅱ:5)。脛節(jié)Ⅰ后側(cè)聽毛可能脫落;步足無刺和曲毛;跗節(jié)Ⅰ具約24個偽節(jié)。

        副模,雌蛛,總體類似于雄蛛。外雌器外觀簡單(圖版Ⅱ:7);背面觀如圖版Ⅱ:8。腹部乳白色,具暗色斑,透過表皮可見。

        分布:目前僅知分布于模式標本的采集地。

        胡金林. 1985. 西藏六眼幽靈蛛屬一新種(蜘蛛目:幽靈蛛科)[J]. 動物分類學報, 10(2): 148-151.

        屠黑鎖. 1994. 中國六眼幽靈蛛屬一新種(蜘蛛目:幽靈蛛科)[J]. 動物分類學報, 19(4): 419-421.

        王家福. 1983. 中國六眼幽靈蛛屬(Araneae: Pholcidae)[J]. 湖南師院學報(自然科學版), 增刊: 6-8.

        徐亞君, 王家福. 1984. 中國六眼幽靈蛛屬(Araneae: Pholcidae)[J]. 湖南師院學報(自然科學版), 增刊: 6-8.

        Chen HM, Zhang F, Zhu MS. 2009. Four new troglophilous species of the genusBelisanaThorell, 1898 (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Guizhou province, China[J]. Zootaxa, 2092: 58-68.

        Huber BA. 2001. The pholcids of Australia (Araneae; Pholcidae): taxonomy, biogeography, and relationships[J]. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 260: 1-144.

        Huber BA. 2005. High species diversity, male-female coevolution, and metaphyly in southeast Asian pholcid spiders: the case ofBelisanaThorell 1898 (Araneae, Pholcidae)[J]. Zoologica, 155: 1-126.

        Irie T. 2002. Two new species of the generaPholcusandSpermophora(Araneae: Pholcidae) from the Nansei Islands, Japan[J]. Acta Arachnologica, Tokyo, 51: 141-144.

        Komatsu T. 1961. Cave spiders of Japan, their taxonomy, chorology and ecology[J]. Arachnological Society of East Asia, Osaka: 91.

        Paik KY. 1978. The Pholcidae (Araneae) of Korea[J]. Educational Journal Kyungpook University Korea, 20: 113-135.

        Simon E. 1909. Etude sur les arachnides du Tonkin (1re partie)[J]. Bulletin Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique, 42: 69-147.

        Thorell T. 1898. Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmania e regioni vicine. LXXX. Secondo saggio sui Ragni birmani. Ⅱ. Retitelariae et Orbitelariae[J]. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, (2)19[=39]: 271-378.

        Tong YF, Li SQ. 2007. A new six-eyed pholcid spider (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Karst Tiankeng of Leye county, Guangxi, China[J]. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 32: 505-507.

        Tong YF, Li SQ. 2008. Four new species of six-eyed pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Hainan Island, China[J]. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 56: 45-53.

        Tong YF, Li SQ. 2009. Six new cave-dwelling pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Hainan Island, with two newly recorded genera from China[J]. Zootaxa, 1988: 17-32.

        World Spider Catalog. 2015. Natural History Museum Bern[EB/OL]. [2015-08-31]. http://wsc.nmbe.ch, version 16.5.

        Yao ZY, Li SQ, J?ger P. 2014. Four new species of pholcine spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae) from southeast Asia[J]. Zootaxa, 3793(3): 331-349.

        Yao ZY, Li SQ. 2013. New and little known pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Laos[J]. Zootaxa, 3709: 1-51.

        Yao ZY, Pham DS, Li SQ. 2015. Pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae) from northern Vietnam, with descriptions of nineteen new species[J]. Zootaxa, 3909(1): 1-82.

        Zhang F, Zhu MS, Song DX. 2006. A review of pholcid spiders from Tibet, China (Araneae, Pholcidae)[J]. Journal of Arachnology, 34: 194-205.

        Zhang YQ, Chen HM, Zhu MS. 2008. A new TroglophilousBelisanaspider from Guangxi, China (Araneae: Pholcidae) [J]. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 33(4): 654-656.

        One New Spider Species of GenusBelisana(Araneae: Pholcidae) from Guizhou, China

        CHEN Huiming, YU Zhigang, GUO Xuan*

        (Institute of Biology, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550009, China)

        A new species,Belisanaliisp. nov., collected from Shibing county, Guizhou province, was described, photographed and illustrated. Type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Biology, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, China. All measurements are given in mm.

        Pholcidae; new species; Guizhou

        圖版Ⅰ 李氏貝爾蛛, 新種Belisana lii sp. nov.

        圖版Ⅱ 李氏貝爾蛛, 新種Belisana lii sp. nov.

        2015-09-09 接受日期:2015-11-21 基金項目:貴州省社發(fā)攻關(guān)項目; 貴州科學院人才團隊經(jīng)費項目; 貴州科學院人才引進經(jīng)費項目

        陳會明(1971—), 男, 博士, 副研究員, 主要從事動物學研究

        *通信作者Corresponding author, E-mail:mei0601@126.com

        Q959.226

        A

        1000-7083(2016)02-0227-04

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