建筑設(shè)計(jì)：阿西夫 · 可汗有限公司

奇森哈勒小學(xué)（空中游樂場），倫敦，英國

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：阿西夫 · 可汗有限公司

阿西夫·可汗為奇森哈勒小學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)的空中游樂場位于東倫敦的鮑區(qū)。該項(xiàng)目作為學(xué)校長期規(guī)劃的第一個(gè)部分，在近日剛剛完工。

可汗作為該小學(xué)兩名學(xué)生的父親，與美國闊葉木出口委員會(huì)以及AKT II結(jié)構(gòu)工程事務(wù)所合作，利用家長們一年來通過義賣等各種活動(dòng)籌集的資金設(shè)計(jì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)了此項(xiàng)目。

項(xiàng)目任務(wù)書的內(nèi)容頗具挑戰(zhàn)性，要求增加這所中心城區(qū)小學(xué)的兒童活動(dòng)面積以匹配擴(kuò)大了的學(xué)生數(shù)量，但同時(shí)又不能侵占體育健康課程設(shè)置要求保留的場地。

設(shè)計(jì)在現(xiàn)有的操場邊緣處增設(shè)了一處雙層游樂空間。該空間由下層的軟質(zhì)鋪地和離地2.2m的甲板構(gòu)成，兩者通過一個(gè)小山坡和兩條滑梯產(chǎn)生聯(lián)系。

阿西夫·可汗說：“我們設(shè)計(jì)了一個(gè)內(nèi)外交融的空間，讓孩子們玩耍時(shí)能夠充分發(fā)揮他們的想象力。這片地塊由兩個(gè)元素組成——一片軟質(zhì)的、以一個(gè)小山包為最高點(diǎn)的橡膠鋪地，以及一個(gè)抬升起來的半圍合木制空間?；莺屠K網(wǎng)構(gòu)成了主要的豎向元素。場地的平面布置會(huì)誘使孩子們跑來跑去，同時(shí)也為他們提供了安靜的休憩空間。在這樣一個(gè)簡單的結(jié)構(gòu)中，我們看到孩子們設(shè)計(jì)出了多種多樣的游玩方式。”

奇森哈勒小學(xué)的孩子們在持續(xù)6個(gè)月的設(shè)計(jì)過程中作為顧問，給建筑師出謀劃策，給項(xiàng)目提供了諸多具體的設(shè)想。孩子們說，他們想要能跑、能爬、能躲起來以及能與朋友休憩聊天的場所。

阿西夫·可汗說：“我們善于用木材來打造一個(gè)友善的材質(zhì)層。項(xiàng)目的結(jié)構(gòu)也被設(shè)計(jì)成可調(diào)整的，因而會(huì)隨著時(shí)間而成長、進(jìn)化。”

教師代表海倫·詹姆斯說：“這地方對(duì)孩子們來說真的很有意思。從材料來看，木材的使用彰顯了對(duì)自然環(huán)境的責(zé)任感，也完全契合了學(xué)校對(duì)教育負(fù)責(zé)的理念?！?/p>

方案的結(jié)構(gòu)為由熱改性郁金香木條板和熱改性白蠟?zāi)局瞥傻募装濉７桨笇⒔?jīng)過一個(gè)全生命周期的績效評(píng)估，而且此評(píng)估過程還會(huì)作為難得的教育素材成為學(xué)校課程的一部分。

美國闊葉木出口委員會(huì)歐洲處處長大衛(wèi)·維內(nèi)貝說：“能為這樣一個(gè)將好設(shè)計(jì)、好建筑和環(huán)境友好的木制建材介紹給孩子們的項(xiàng)目提供支持，我們感到萬分榮幸。我認(rèn)為這是一次讓孩子們見證在自然中生長的可持續(xù)材料是如何提高他們生活品質(zhì)的機(jī)會(huì)。熱改性白蠟?zāi)竞陀艚鹣隳静亩际切阅軜O佳的室外材料，所以自然成為了阿西夫·可汗在此項(xiàng)目中的選材?！保◤?jiān)Ｏ?譯）

1 全景/Overall view

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: 奇森哈勒小學(xué)/Chisenhale Primary School

結(jié)構(gòu)工程師/Structural Engineer: AKT II

承建商/Contractors: Aldworth James and Bond (木材加工和裝配/Timber fabrication and installation), Grassroots/ Duncan & Grove (土方工程與游樂設(shè)施/Ground works and play equipment), M&M architectural (鋼材加工和裝配/ Steel fabrication and installation)

抬高甲板面積/Elevated Deck Area: 35m2

攝影/Photos: Hélène Binet

2 游樂場毗鄰原有校舍/Image showing existing school building

3 平臺(tái)平面/Deck plan

4 屋頂平面/Roof plan

Asif Khan has designed an elevated playground for Chisenhale Primary School in Bow, East London, which has just completed construction and is the first part of the school's long-term masterplan.

Khan, who has two children at the school, approached the American Hardwood Export Council and AKT II structural engineers to collaborate with him on the project while the active parent body at the school managed to raise funds through fetes and other events held throughout the year.

The challenging brief required an increase in the play area of this inner city primary school to match the expanded pupil population, without reducing the space required by the P.E curriculum.

The design adds a double-layered play space to the edge of the existing playground, a soft landscape beneatha 2.2 meter elevated deck, connected by a hill and two slides.

Asif Khan says: "We designed an inside and outside space where the kids can invent their own play. This terrain is composed of two elements – a soft rubber landscape culminating in a steep hill and an elevated semi-enclosed timber space. The slides and rope nets bridge the vertical. The plan stimulates the kids to move, but also create quiet spaces where they can rest. In this simple structure we've seen so much variety of play created by the children."

The children at Chisenhale were consulted on the design of the space over a six-month period and had specific ideas to communicate with the architects. The kids wanted places to run and climb, places to hide and somewhere to rest and chat to friends.

Asif Khan says: "We were keen on using timber to provide a friendly layer of texture. The structure is designed to be adaptable and will grow and evolve over time."

Head Teacher Helen James says: "This is such an exciting place to be for the children. In terms of material the wood fits in so much with what we do at the school with education about being environmentally responsible."

The structure is built from thermally modified tulipwood slatted panels with a deck structure of thermally modified ash. It will go through a cradleto-grave Life Cycle Assessment and this will be used as a learning opportunity as part of the school's curriculum.

David Venables, European Director of AHEC says: "We are thrilled to be supporting a project that will educate children about good design, architecture and the environmentally friendly woods that are used for building. We see this as an opportunity for kids to learn about sustainable materials grown in nature that can be used to improve their lives. The thermally modified ash and tulipwoods are incredibly durable for outdoor use so it's a perfect material for Asif Khan to be using for this project."

5 孩子們創(chuàng)造自己的游戲/Children create their own play

6 在游樂場南端玩耍的孩子/Children playing in south end of the playground

7 西側(cè)窄滑梯/West side narrow slide

8 游樂場北側(cè)內(nèi)景/View inside the playground (North side)

9 縱剖面/Long Section

評(píng)論

陳屹峰： 奇森哈勒小學(xué)的這個(gè)游戲場地盡管很小，但集合了上下、內(nèi)外、軟硬、虛實(shí)和動(dòng)靜等關(guān)系于一體，有著超越其規(guī)模的豐富性。建筑師選用的棕色木格柵、不銹鋼滑梯以及黑色橡膠地坪在色彩、質(zhì)感和觸感等方面也充滿了對(duì)比。追求如此的多樣性是為了滿足孩子們關(guān)于奔跑、攀爬、躲藏以及休息和聊天的需求，同時(shí)也希望能激發(fā)他們自己的游戲方式。最為有趣的是，這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)有著非常民主的基礎(chǔ)，征集孩子們對(duì)游戲場地的設(shè)想和要求就花了6個(gè)多月的時(shí)間。

Comments

CHEN Yifeng: Though in small size, the playground at Chisenhale Primary School combines in one setting various pairs of opposites including up and down, inside and outside, soft and hard, virtual and substantial, and dynamic and static, giving it a richness beyond its size. The brown wooden deck, the stainless-steel slides, and the black rubber floor, all of which chosen by the architect, create contrasts in color, texture, and tactile experience. The diversity of the space not only fulfills the basic needs of the children to run, climb, hide, rest and chat, but also encourages the kids to invent their own play. Most interesting is the sound democratic foundation of this design: over a 6-month period, the children were consulted on the design of the playground and they communicated to the architects their ideas and requests.

袁野: 與其說這是一個(gè)游戲建筑，不如說是孩子們的精神庇護(hù)所——漂浮在小丘之上的游戲木盒子，如同孩子的玩具盒被放大，而小丘、滑梯和繩網(wǎng)是僅有的游戲元素。簡潔純粹的形體暗示了其功能和使用人群的單純特征，環(huán)保木材形成的鏤空格珊強(qiáng)化了這種特征，并賦予空間以可觸摸的親切感。這里可作為被爸爸媽媽批評(píng)后跑出家門安靜獨(dú)處的地方，或者和小伙伴兒一起逃課后藏匿的地方。在格珊的陰影下，假裝不會(huì)被人發(fā)現(xiàn)。

YUAN Ye: This is not so much a game structure, but more exactly, children's spiritual shelter – a wooden box floating on top of a hill, like an amplified child's toy box, with the game elements being a hill, slides and rope nets. This simple form suggests the pure characteristics of its function and the people using it. The wooden structures strengthen this feature, at the same time giving the spaces a tangible tenderness. Here the kid can find quiet spaces for being alone after being criticized by mom and dad, or hiding places for his/her friends after skipping classes. In the land of the shadow, you can pretend not to be found.

Chisenhale Primary School, London, UK, 2016

Architects: Asif Khan Ltd.