趙昌鐵+舒清海

歷年高考真題是值得反復練習的，不管你做過多少次了，再做一兩次也還不為多。本文選取2015年和2016年的五套全國新課標卷的完形填空題供考生練習。

完形填空中的任何一個小題的答案在上下文中必有依據。請認真研做下列高考真題，畫出每道題的依據，并同你的同桌討論，然后再對照答案與解析。

真題演練

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C 和 D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

2016年全國I/乙卷

A Heroic Driver

Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was 41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly， he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer， he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over， set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher （滅火器）. Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.

The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a womans voice coming from the wrecked （毀壞的） vehicle. 51 the vehicle， they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived， 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck.

Once fire and emergency people arrived， Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then， Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go.

One thing is 59 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle！ His 60 most likely saved the womans life.

2016年全國II /甲卷

Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device（裝置）on your desk. And theyve never actually 41 you. Everything they know about you 42 through this device sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 43 they feel they can know you 44 from the sound of your voice. Thats how powerful the 45 is.

Powerful， yes， but not always 46 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani， my faceless agent whom Id never met 47 ，got me rock bottom prices on airfares， cars， and hotels. But her cold voice really 48 me. I sometimes wished to 49 another agent.

One morning， I had to 50 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Ranis office 51 . The woman sitting at the desk， 52 my madness， sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 53 smile， nodded while listening patiently， and then printed out the 54 immediately. “What a wonderful lady！” I thought.

Rushing out 55 I called out over my shoulder， “By the way， whats your name？”“Im Rani，”she said. I turned around and saw a 56 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was 57 ！Why had I thought she was cold Rani was， well， so 58 .

Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport， I figured it all out. Ranis 59 —her warm smile， her nods， her‘Im here for you 60 —were all silent signals that didnt travel through wires.

2016年全國III/丙卷

When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football team. That meant 41 Miller King， who was the best 42 at our school.

Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out. I carried my football everywhere for 43 .

Just before September， Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm. I went to see him after he came back from 44 . He looked very 45 ，but he didnt cry.

That season， I 46 all of Millers records while he 47 the home games from the bench. We went 10—1 and I was named most valuable player， 48 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Millers 49 .

One afternoon， I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller 50 going over a fence—which wasnt 51 to climb if you had both arms. Im sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept 52 from. But even that challenge he accepted， I 53 him move slowly over the fence. When we were finally 54 on the other side， he said to me， “You know， I didnt tell you this during the season， but you did 55 . Thank you for filling in for 56 .”

His words freed me from my bad 57 . I thought to myself， how even without an arm he was more of a leader. Damaged but not defeated， he was 58 ahead of me. I was right to have 59 him. From that day on， I grew 60 and a little more real.

2015年全國Ⅰ卷

My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way， we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said， “ 41 my job. Family to Feed. ”

At this store， a 42 like this is not normal. My 10 year old noticed him and made a 43 on how bad it must be to have to stand 44 in the cold wind.

In the store， I asked each of my kids to 45 something they thought our“friend”there would 46 . They got apples， a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17 year old suggested giving him a 47 . I thought about it. We were 48 on cash ourselves， but ... well， sometimes 49 from our need instead of our abundance is 50 what we need to do！ All the kids 51 something they could do away with for the week.

When we handed him the bag of 52 ， he lit up and thanked us with 53 eyes. When I handed him the gift card， saying he could use it for 54 his family might need， he burst into tears.

This has been a wonderful 55 for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can 56 ！ Things would have played out so 57 if I had simply said， “No， we really dont have 58 to give more. ”Stepping out not only helped a brother in 59 ， it also gave my kids the 60 taste of helping others. Itll go a long way with them.

2015年全國II卷

Where do you go when you want to learn something？ A friend？ A tutor？ These are all 41 places of learning. But it may well be that the learning you really want 42 somewhere else instead. I had the 43 of seeing this first hand on a 44 .

My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team. They did very well this season and so 45 a tournament， which normally was only for more skilled club teams. This led to some 46 experiences on Saturday as they played against teams 47 trained. Through the first two games， her 48 did not get on serious shot on goal. As a parent， I 49 seeing my daughter playing her best， 50 still defeated.

It seemed that something clicked with the 51 between Saturday and Sunday. When they 52 for their Sunday game， they were 53 different. They had begun to integrate （融合）the kinds of play and teamwork they had 54 the day before into their 55 .They played aggressively and 56 scored a goal.

It 57 me that playing against the other team was a great 58 moment for all the girls on the team. I think it is a general principle. 59 is the best teacher. The lessons they learned may not be 60 what they would have gotten in school， but are certainly more personal and meaningful， because they had to work them out on their own.

答案與解析

2016年I/乙卷

本文講述了一個英雄司機，講述他在途中見到一車發(fā)生翻車事故并起火，于是停車滅火救人的事跡。

41. C 由driver， transport等詞可知，應是“行駛（traveling）”，故選C。

42. D 送貨給（deliver to）他的“顧客（customers）”，故選D。

43. C 句意應是“當他走得更近時，他才發(fā)現……”才通順，表示“當……時”用as，故選C。

44. B 前面有saw a car，這里應是found another vehicle（另外一輛車）。

45. A 由下文中的the fire extinguisher （滅火器）可知，是燃火了，應是flames（火焰）?！盎鹧妗迸c“滅火器”是詞語同現。

46. B 火焰應是從翻轉的車輛下面迸出來，車都翻轉了，也就是輛“殘廢的，壞的（disabled）”車，事實上，下文的“wrecked （毀壞的）”也是一個明顯的提示。

47. A 看到上述情景，Larry靠邊停好車，剎住車，然后“找到，弄到（get hold of = find and use）”滅火器。

48. D 由and told Larry應是“走過來（come over）”故選D。

49. C 由下文的the emergency personnel （應急人員）和fire and emergency people （消防和急救人員）可知，那個人告訴Larry的是他已“撥打了急救電話（make an emergency call）”。

50. A 在那個男人告訴Larry所說之后，即“然后”聽到一個婦女的聲音。

51. D 按常理，聽到從車下傳出婦女的聲音，可能會“走近（approach）”這輛車去看看情況。

52. B 由后文中的she should not move可知，他們是叫她“呆著不動（stay still =not move）”。

53. D 因“叫她呆著不動等急救員來”與“她以為車就要……（所以打玻璃要出來）”是轉折關系，故用but。

54. A 由前面的迸出火焰可知，她擔心的是車“爆炸（explode）”。“溜掉（slip away）”“破裂（fall apart）”“撞車（crash）”不合語境。

55. C 叫她不要動，“以防萬一（in case）”弄傷頸部。

56. B 既然急救人員來了，Larry和那個人理應“往后退（back off）”了，以便“讓消防人員和急救人員工作了（and let them go to work）”。

57. B 句中Larry問誰？由下句They let him and the other man go的主語They可知，問的對象是“復數”，只有選項B的the police才有復數的含義。

58. D 根據常識，急救人員來了，應是問是否可以“自由離開了（be free to do sth.自由自在做某事）。

59. A 破折號后面所講的，“Larry超出職責范圍，主動接近燃燒著的汽車滅火”這件事是“肯定無疑的（for certain / sure）”。

60. C 他的“努力”很可能救了那個婦女的命。

2016年II /甲卷

本文是一篇記敘文。多年來作者都是通過電話與旅行代理人聯(lián)系，覺得對方說話的聲音冷冰冰的。但是有一次訂機票的時候作者親自來到代理人的辦公室，發(fā)現自己先前的判斷是錯誤的。

41. D 由空前句中through that little device （裝置） on your desk和空后兩句Everything they know about you ... through this device sometimes from hundreds of miles away ... from the sound of your voice可知，“他們沒有跟你見過面（meet）”，故選D。其余選項：accept接受；notice注意；hear聽說。

42. A 他們對你的了解全部通過這臺裝置，有時是來自（come from）數百英里之外。其余選項：move移動；run跑；develop開發(fā)，培養(yǎng)。

43. B 與前句是轉折關系，句意為：他們對你的了解全部通過這臺裝置，有時來自數百英里遠的地方。然而（yet），他們覺得他們能夠了解你”。其余選項：thus因此；then隨后，那么；indeed的確，確實。

44. C 由句意“然而，他們覺得只需（just）聽到你的聲音就能了解你”。其余選項：rather很，非常；also也，還；already已經。

45. A 由文章首句中的“你書桌上的那臺小裝置”，以及下文中的only by phone和travel through wires可知，選A“電話（telephone）”。其余選項：voice嗓音（提醒：此項易錯選）；connection聯(lián)系；impression印象。

46. D由后文作者開始時因為瑞妮在電話里的聲音很冷淡而生氣，但見面后，卻發(fā)現她是個 wonderful lady可知，選D。意為雖說電話是強大的，但不總是“準確的（accurate）”。其余選項：direct直接的；useful有用的；easy容易的。

47. A 與faceless相呼應的應是never met in person。其余選項：by oneself獨自地；in public公開地；on purpose故意地。

48. A 由常識可知，“她冷冰冰的聲音（her cold voice）”應當是讓作者“不開心（annoyed）”。其余選項：interested感興趣的；discouraged沮喪的；confused困惑不解的。

49. C 作者對瑞妮冷冰冰的語氣很是氣惱，有時希望另外“找（find）”個代理人。其余選項：promote提升；train訓練；know知道。

50. D 由下文的a family emergency可知，作者家中有急事，需要馬上坐飛機回家，故選book“預訂”。arrange安排；postpone推遲；confirm證實。

51. A 上文提到，作者之前與瑞妮從來沒有見過面，這里應選for the first time（第一次）。其余選項：at any time隨時；from time to time不時，偶爾；in good time及早，有足夠的時間。

52. B 作者跑到瑞妮的辦公室，坐在桌旁的瑞妮看到（see）作者著急的樣子就跳了起來，滿是同情。expect期待；test檢測；avoid避免。

53. B 由上文中madness可知作者很著急可知，瑞妮應是安慰的（comforting）微笑。其余選項：shy靦腆的；familiar熟悉的；forced勉強的。

54. C 上文提到作者家里有急事，需要立即坐飛機回去（an immediate flight home），因此此處說的是給作者打印飛機票（ticket）。其余選項：bill賬單；form表格；list清單。

55. C 作者遇到這么熱心的旅行代理人，當然是心存感激（gratefully）。其余選項：hopefully有希望地；disappointedly失望地；regretfully遺憾地。

66. D 此處應與下文的a big smile， waving to wish me a safe trip相呼應，故用pleasant“令人愉悅的”。其余選項：careful仔細的；serious嚴肅的；nervous緊張的。

57. D 作者想到自己當初對瑞妮的錯誤判斷，而眼前的瑞妮是那么熱心，因此一時竟不知道該說什么（speechless）了。其余選項：amused逗樂的；worried擔心的；helpless無助的。

58. B 作者親眼見到瑞妮后發(fā)現她是一個wonderful lady與作者之前認為她冷冰冰（cold）相對的應是“友好的，和藹的（nice）”。其余選項：calm冷靜的；proud驕傲的；clever聰明的。

59. C 破折號后的“她溫暖的微笑，她的點頭，她的‘我在這里為你服務的態(tài)度……”是對該空格的解釋，在四個選項中，friendliness（友好）最符合語境。其余選項：forgiveness寬恕；eagerness急切；skillfulness熟練。

60. B 由“我在這里為你服務”和下文的silent signals可知選B（attitude態(tài)度）。其余選項：explanation解釋；concept概念；behavior行為。

2016年III/丙卷

作者13歲時夢想勝過Miller King成為學校足球隊的明星，他刻苦訓練。后因車禍Miller King失去了右臂而不能參加比賽了。作者代替了他，并取得了驕人的成績。作者心里感覺對不起他，但是他的話讓作者深受感動。

41. B 由to become the star on our football team和who was the best ...可知，作者要成為足球隊明星，就意味著要“勝過（beat out）”Miller King。其余選項：cheer for為……歡呼；rely on依靠；stay with與……待在一起。

42. D 由56題處“作者代替Miller King”可知，Miller King是校足球隊的球員（player）。其余選項：coach教練，student學生，teacher老師。

43. A 由前文all summer long I worked out（整個夏天努力鍛煉）可知，作者帶著球在外“練習（practice）”。其他選項：show表演；comfort安慰；pleasure樂趣。

44. C 由前文Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm可知，他出車禍，住院了，然后從“醫(yī)院（hospital）”回來。其余選項：school學校；vacation假期；training訓練。

45. A 由前文“他剛從醫(yī)院回來”可知他臉色“蒼白（pale）”。其余選項：calm平靜的；relaxed放松的；ashamed羞愧的。

46. B 由下文We went 10—1 and I was named most valuable player...可知，作者“打破（break）”了Miller所有的紀錄。其余選項：hold保持；set創(chuàng)造；try嘗試。

47. D 由空后的the home games from the bench可知，他坐在凳子上“觀看（watch）”比賽。其余選項：report 報道；judge裁判，評判；organize組織。

48. C 因“was named most valuable player”與“I was to blame”是轉折關系，故用but。

49. C 由Millers以及前文講述的Miller因車禍致殘不能參加比賽可知，作者常責備自己，因為Miller遭遇車禍這一“事故（accident）”自己才有機會。其余選項：decision決定；mistake錯誤；sacrifice犧牲。

50. A 由后文which wasnt hard to climb if you had both arms可知，他因失去右臂，在過籬笆時被“卡?。╯tuck）”了。其余選項：hurt受傷的；tired疲倦的；lost丟失的。

51. B 由空后的if you had both arms可知，現在他卡住了，如果有兩只胳膊，過籬笆對于他來說，不是“難（hard）”事。其余選項：steady穩(wěn)定的；fun有趣的；fit合適的，健康的。

52. C 結合53題I helped him move slowly over the fence” 可知，作者幫助了他，但是作者認為，Miller最不愿意接受作者的“幫助（assistance）”。 其余選項：praise表揚；advice建議；apology道歉。

53. B 由下文When we were finally ... 可知，作者“幫助（help）”他從籬笆上下來。其余選項：let讓；have有；notice注意。

54. D 由前文的move slowly over the fence和空后的on the other side可知，最后我們“安全（safe）”了。其余選項：drop落下；ready準備好的；trap卡住。

55. A 由前文We went 10—1 and I was named most valuable player可知，Miller說作者做得“很好（fine）”。其余選項：wrong錯誤地；quickly迅速地；normally平常地。

56. C 由filling in for（代替）和上文提到Miller受傷，可知作者代替了他，此處是Miller說的話，故用me。

57. D 聯(lián)系前文I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame可知，Miller的話讓作者從這些不好的“夢（dream）”中解脫出來。其余選項：memory記憶；idea主意；attitude態(tài)度。

58. A 由空前的Damaged but not defeated （Miller盡管受傷，但是沒有被打?。┛芍叭裕╯till）”勝過“我”。

59. D 由前文Miller King ... the best playerat our school和前句still ahead of me可知，“我”一直“欽佩（admire）”他。其余選項：challenge挑戰(zhàn)；cure治愈；invite邀請。

60. B 由空后的and a little more real可知，自己漸漸長“大（bigger）”。其余選項：healthy健康的；clever聰明的；cool酷的。

2015年I卷

作者周末帶著幾個孩子去超市購物， 在去的路上， 他們遇到一個乞討者， 這個乞討者失去了工作， 但還有一家人要養(yǎng)。孩子們一起行動起來， 共同幫助這位乞討者。

41. A 根據后句 Family to Feed及下文可知， 他丟掉了工作， 處于失業(yè)狀態(tài)， 需要外界幫助來養(yǎng)家糊口， 故選lost。

42. C 空后的this指代什么？應是指上文所述“我們”所看到的“情景（sight）”，故選C。

43. B 前文說not normal，根據常識，看到不正常的事常常會“進行評論（make a comment on）“，故選B。

44. A 由in the cold wind可推測這個乞討者應是站在外面（stand outside）。

45. D 根據常識，去商店應是“挑選”東西，而不是“畫、說、安排”東西，故選D。順便說說，store（商店）， pick（挑選東西）相關連，是可能同時出現的。

46. C 句中“friend”是指上文提到的討錢的那個人，挑選該“朋友”“訂購、供應、發(fā)現”的東西，怎么講得通呢？只能選C，挑選那位“朋友”喜歡（appreciate）的禮物。

47. D 據54題前面的gift card（禮品卡）可知選D項（gift card）。原詞復現。

48. B 作者考慮到了他們碰到的不太好的情況“我們本身帶的現金不足（low on cash缺錢花，手頭拮據）”。

49. A 根據47空前的giving與語境可知， 此處表達“把我們需要的， 而不是富足的東西給別人， 這正是我們需要做的”， 故選giving。

50. D 用“just（正是， 恰是）”能夠體現出作者此處的情感， 即：突出強調“就是需要這樣做”。

51. A 因孩子們都給那個人選了禮物， 所以他們宣布（declare）這周他們放棄某些東西。其中do away with意為“擺脫， 舍棄”。

52. C 結合上文They got apples， a sandwich and a bottle of juice可知孩子們給那個人的是食物（food）。

53. B 據后文的he burst into tears可知， 看到食物， 那個人眼睛濕潤（watery）了。

54. B 意思是“用于買他的家庭可能需要的任何東西（whatever）”。

55. A 據全文敘述的這件事情的經過以及后文的it also gave my kids the 〓60〓 taste of helping others可知， 這件事對作者一家來說也是一次不錯的經歷（experience）。

56. D 由于孩子們從幫助別人的經歷中得到了快樂， 所以幾天來他們一直在尋找可以幫助（help）的人。

57. C 據語境可知， 如果作者當時沒有幫助那個乞討者， 結果會是完全不同的，故選differently。

58. D 這是作者的假設， 如果當時作者說他們沒有錢（money）提供更多的幫助， 那么現在會是另外一種局面。

59. C 作者幫助了需要幫助的（in need）人。

60. B 幫助別人給孩子們帶來了快樂甜蜜的滋味， 故選sweet， 而且該詞與后面的taste搭配體現了這篇文章的中心思想——幫助別人， 快樂自己。

2015年II卷

本文作者通過女兒踢足球的經歷介紹一個不同尋常的學習的地方，即通過自己的體驗，你會學到更多更棒的東西。

1. B 根據下文“But ... somewhere else instead.”可知，這些都是傳統(tǒng)意義上的學習的地方。故選B。

42. C 根據第一句中的where可知是lie，意為“位于”。故選C。

43. D 根據下文可知，她去觀看了女兒的比賽，因此有機會在周末親自見證了這件事情。故選D。

44. C 下文提到了Saturday and Sunday，說明是在周末。故選C。

45. B 根據上文They did well this season.可知是進入了錦標賽。故選B。

46. A 上文說她們參加的比賽都是一些比較好的隊伍參與的，下文又提到了defeated，可以推斷出是painful“痛苦的”。故選A。

47. D 下文提到了defeated，說明女兒的隊被打敗了，那么這個對手一定是比她們強大，better trained意為“訓練有素”符合題意。故選D。

48. D 根據上下文可知，這個比賽是girls共同參與的，所以是她們的隊伍沒有進球。故選D。

49. B 根據上文可知，女兒的隊伍沒有進球，母親應該是很著急的，很不開心的，hated“討厭“符合題意。故選B。

50. C 前一句說女兒盡了全力，后一句說女兒失敗了，很明顯中間應該用轉折詞but。故選C。

51. A 由上下文可知選A。

52. B 根據上下文可知此處是show up“出現”。故選B。

53. D 根據下文她們的表現來看，與周六的狀態(tài)不一樣了。故選D。

54. A 根據上文知道，她們上一次比賽就是在周六，所以她們自己經歷過的，一定是她們親眼所見的。故選A。

55. C 根據下文可知，她們在進行比賽。故選C。

56. A 由上文可知，之前她們沒有進球，現在進了一球，因此前后有遞進關系。故選A。

57. B 根據上下文可知，這件事對這位母親觸動很大， struck是strike的過去式，意思是“觸動、打動”，符合題意。故選B。

58. D 在第一段中主要說的就是learning，所以在后文中出現了呼應。故選A。

59. A 從全文這個故事可以看出，女孩在這次比賽中成長了很多，所以experience“經歷”符合題意。故選A。

60. C 此處呼應第一段，在學校學習是最傳統(tǒng)的，也就是說教的東西都是一樣的，所以她們在實踐中學到的東西會跟她們在學校學到的東西不同，故選C。