林子務(wù)

武漢紡織大學(xué)紡織學(xué)院教授

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每次參加展會都有很大收獲

林子務(wù)

武漢紡織大學(xué)紡織學(xué)院教授

《中國紡織》：如何看待國產(chǎn)、進口紡機的主要優(yōu)勢和不足？

林子務(wù)：國產(chǎn)紡機的主要優(yōu)勢是價格較低，能滿足企業(yè)生產(chǎn)需要，機配件供應(yīng)方便，售后服務(wù)及時，國產(chǎn)紡機自動化程度、穩(wěn)定性和可靠性盡管與以前相比有很大提高，但與進口紡機仍有一定差距。因而從工程經(jīng)濟學(xué)全面觀點看，國產(chǎn)紡機在用工和優(yōu)質(zhì)高產(chǎn)方面還不能與進口紡機匹敵。

這里有一個事例。前年，本人應(yīng)邀到深圳國泰華湖北襄陽分公司參加新建10萬錠棉紡的一期工程（3萬錠）設(shè)備選型論證，不少專家和企業(yè)老總就公司內(nèi)外大量調(diào)研的案例進行剖析，最后放棄了最優(yōu)秀的國產(chǎn)設(shè)備，而一致選定了國外3萬錠成套紡紗設(shè)備。因為國外設(shè)備自動化程度高、性能穩(wěn)定和可靠，維修少，這樣機器的維修工費低，大頭成本原料消耗也低一些，用工也相應(yīng)減少，給優(yōu)質(zhì)高產(chǎn)和原料低耗提供了可靠的保證，而價格只高出國內(nèi)同類最好設(shè)備的23%。

《中國紡織》：未來紡機的發(fā)展趨勢是什么？

林子務(wù)：未來紡機發(fā)展總的趨勢是工藝流程短、結(jié)構(gòu)模塊化和運行智能化、操控用工少及無人化，這里簡要展望一下棉紡紗生產(chǎn)線。

不同級別的棉包由智能識別傳送帶上場→抓包混棉后的棉流經(jīng)多個高效異纖清除裝置（該裝置將不是目前獨立占地的，而是像凝棉器依附在管道上）→柔性強震抖開棉（將替代目前的豪豬式開棉而使纖維損傷減少到最低，使棉層所含短絨最低，極大減輕后繼工序的分梳負擔）→帶有按纖維長度輸出非單根棉條的智能梳棉機（其中的較長纖維生條可作為棉紡半精梳生條輸入并條工序，而不需精梳）→非單根棉條由自動傳送帶至高效智能條并卷機（可按長纖維生條和短纖維生條分開并合）→智能精梳→智能并條機→（并后熟條由自動傳送帶至粗紗機）→自動輸送至細紗機（有自動生頭和自動結(jié)頭的雙自動裝置智能細紗機）→自動絡(luò)筒機。這一展望中，所有工序都是連接一體的，無獨立工序，由目前清——梳聯(lián)、粗——細——絡(luò)聯(lián)而設(shè)想為紡紗各工序的全線聯(lián)。

《中國紡織》：您今年參加紡機展嗎？每屆展會的收獲大嗎？

林子務(wù)：我今年參加紡機展。紡機展會是人類紡織文化和科技進步的最新成果以實物形態(tài)的方式展示出來，并讓人們身處其中，直接感受到社會進步與發(fā)展。使我不僅看到了新一代的紡機，更能聽到中國夢大背景下現(xiàn)代紡織前進的腳步聲，這是我參加的主要目的。

我每屆展會的收獲很大，主要收獲是了解了國內(nèi)外紡機最新科技進展，獲取了光盤和紙介質(zhì)等最新紡機資訊。這些資訊，對我多次參加棉毛麻紡織工業(yè)園的論證工作起到了重要作用，30多年來我已參加或主持了200萬錠的紡織工業(yè)園論證。對這些資訊我還按棉毛麻紡部和織部、針織、印染、服裝及產(chǎn)業(yè)用布等十一方面進行分類，并將有價值的紙質(zhì)資訊掃描成電子文本。該電子文本不僅用于工業(yè)園的論證，還作為素材用于我將主編的13本書中。我十分珍惜這些資訊。

結(jié)識了數(shù)十家著名的國內(nèi)外參展商技術(shù)研發(fā)人員，面對面交流，對提升自身專業(yè)知識和學(xué)術(shù)有積極的促進作用。有6次，我還在展會閉幕時隨相關(guān)參展商返程，到該紡機企業(yè)實地訪問、學(xué)習(xí)和調(diào)研，尤其是調(diào)研企業(yè)的創(chuàng)新和研發(fā)能力，從中學(xué)到了不少創(chuàng)新和研發(fā)模式和方法。我也有機會直接同設(shè)計人員們共同探討更好的研發(fā)方案和尋找創(chuàng)新難題的切入點及突破口，既發(fā)揮了集思廣益，又提出了我個人的新見解，企業(yè)對這些見解是非常重視和歡迎的，這無形中把自己也置身到創(chuàng)新之中了。

每次展會都結(jié)交了紡織企業(yè)技術(shù)人員，深度了解紡織行業(yè)設(shè)備使用、維護修理的成功經(jīng)驗和不足，這對推進紡織加工企業(yè)的技術(shù)進步大有裨益。

Wuhan Textile University Prof. Lin Ziwu

China Textile： What do you think about the main advantage and disadvantage of domestic and imported textile machinery？

Lin Ziwu： The main advantage of the domestic textile machinery is low price，which can meet the needs of enterprise production， with convenient supply of machine parts and timely after-sales service. In spite of the great improvement of domestic textile machinery in automation，stability and reliability， there is still a certain gap with the imported textile machinery. Therefore， from the comprehensive point of view of engineering economics，domestic textile machinery can’t match imported one in terms of employment and high quality and yield.

Here is an example. Two years ago， I was invited to Kotawa （Xiangyang） Textile Co.， Ltd. to participate in selection and demonstration of first-stage project （30 thousand spindles） of the new 100 thousand spindles of cotton spinning； with analysis of various internal and external cases， many experts and business executives finally selected 30 thousand sets of complete spinning equipment of Rieter Group， with high degree of automation， stable and reliable performance，and less maintenance cost， rather than the best domestic equipment. And also low cost of raw material consumption and low labor provide a reliable guarantee for high quality and low consumption， while the price is only 23% higher than the best similar one in domestic.

China Textile： what are the future trends of textile machinery？

Lin Ziwu： The general trends of textile machinery are short process， modular structure and intelligentized operation， less labor and unmanned machining. Here is a brief look of cotton yarn production line.

Different levels of cotton bags enter the field by intelligent identification conveyor belt → blending cotton flowing through many efficient foreign fiber clearing device （not in dependent area， but attached to the pipe like condenser） → flexible and strong shaking to open cotton （replace the current porcupine opening with minimum damage to fiber and short fiber in cotton layer， to greatly reduce the burden of carding in the subsequent process）→ intelligent carding machine to output non-single sliver in accordance with the length of fiber （longer fiber can be input drawing process as cotton semi-combed sliver， with no need of combing） → nonsingle sliver to efficient and intelligent lap former by automatic conveyor （can be separately combined according to the length of fiber sliver） → intelligent combing →intelligent drawing frame → drawn sliver to roving machine by automatic conveyor→ automatic transmission to spinning machine （intelligent spinning machine with double automatic machines of automatic repiecing and tieing） → automatic winder. All processes are closely linked， making an expected whole process with current blowing-carding， roving-spinning winder.

China Textile： Will you participate in the textile machinery exhibition this year？ Big harvest？

Lin Ziwu： Yes， I will. Textile machinery exhibition is a platform for the latest achievements of human textile culture and technological process in physical form，making people directly feel social progress and development. I can not only enjoy the new generation of textile machinery，but also hear the advanced footsteps of modern textile under the background of Chinese Dream， which is the main purpose to participate in the exhibition.

I can obtain great harvest at each exhibition， main of which can be divided into three aspects. First， to understand the latest development in technology of domestic and foreign textile machinery， and to get textile information on the CD and paper，which plays an important role for the demonstration in textile industrial park of cotton and wool with 2 million spindles in more than 30 years. I have classified these information into eleven parts of cotton and wool， knitting， dyeing and printing，garment， tech-textile and so on， and scan valuable paper information into electronic text， which is not only used for the demonstration， but also as the material for the 13 books I will edit. I really cherish the information.

Secondly， I get to know many professions in research and development of dozens of well-known domestic and foreign exhibitors， and it has a positive role in improving my profession knowledge and academic level to communicate with them face to face. I have followed with exhibitors to visit， learn and research in their enterprises， learning many innovation and research patterns and methods. I also have the opportunity to directly explore a development scheme and seek the breakthrough of innovation paradox with designers， which not only fuses everyone’s wisdom， but also makes me express my personal insight. Enterprises attache great importance and welcome to these insights， which makes me involved in the innovation invisibly.

Thirdly， I make friends with many technical personnel of textile enterprises，and deeply understand the successful experiences and shortcomings of the use，maintenance and repair of the equipment，which is beneficial to promote the technological progress of textile processing enterprises.