王輝
[摘 要]本文主要采用了模糊數(shù)學(xué)中的相關(guān)關(guān)系知識(shí)點(diǎn)對(duì)不同體育專項(xiàng)成績(jī)之間的相互影響程度進(jìn)行了計(jì)算,為同學(xué)們進(jìn)行體育鍛煉提供了建議。
[關(guān)鍵詞]體育,素質(zhì),耐力,專項(xiàng),相關(guān)關(guān)系
中圖分類號(hào):G807.0 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):1009-914X(2016)18-0234-01
每個(gè)班級(jí)總有幾個(gè)不愿意參加體育活動(dòng)的同學(xué),他們認(rèn)為自己跑不快也跳不高,所以想當(dāng)然的認(rèn)為自己不可能擅長(zhǎng)任何體育項(xiàng)目,所以總是找各種借口逃避參加體育活動(dòng),久而久之,身體素質(zhì)也在下降,失去了年輕人應(yīng)該具有的耐力和敏捷程度等。事實(shí)上,即使有多種體育項(xiàng)目不擅長(zhǎng)也不能構(gòu)成不擅長(zhǎng)所有體育項(xiàng)目的充分條件。下面將通過(guò)分別統(tǒng)計(jì)對(duì)比15名女同學(xué)和15名男同學(xué)在體育不同專項(xiàng)上的成績(jī)并計(jì)算其相關(guān)關(guān)系的方法來(lái)說(shuō)明這一論點(diǎn)。
考慮到女生和男生身體素質(zhì)方面的差異以及所測(cè)成績(jī)的項(xiàng)目不完全相同的實(shí)際情況,下面將分別對(duì)女生和男生的體育分項(xiàng)成績(jī)的相關(guān)關(guān)系進(jìn)行計(jì)算。從本校某班級(jí)按學(xué)號(hào)從前往后各選取15名女生和15名男生,體育分項(xiàng)成績(jī)測(cè)評(píng)數(shù)據(jù)見表1:
說(shuō)明:1、中長(zhǎng)跑測(cè)得是1500米跑步時(shí)間,由于表格中出現(xiàn)的其他分項(xiàng)均以計(jì)數(shù)得分,計(jì)數(shù)與得分成正比,而1500米成績(jī)以時(shí)間計(jì)分,時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短與分?jǐn)?shù)是反比關(guān)系,為方便后面的計(jì)算和分析,將1500米成績(jī)直接以分?jǐn)?shù)形式給出。
2、籃球成績(jī):為罰球線上定點(diǎn)投籃,每人10次機(jī)會(huì)計(jì)進(jìn)球數(shù)。
3、仰臥起坐成績(jī):為1分鐘內(nèi)計(jì)數(shù)。
4、排球成績(jī):個(gè)人顛球數(shù)目,以球落地結(jié)束一次計(jì)數(shù)。
5、引體向上成績(jī):以落地結(jié)束一次計(jì)數(shù)。
兩個(gè)模糊集、之間的接近程度可以用貼近度函數(shù)來(lái)描述,
距離貼近度:。
下面通過(guò)計(jì)算抽取的15位女同學(xué)對(duì)應(yīng)的3門體育專項(xiàng)成績(jī)指標(biāo)之間的貼近程度來(lái)分析各專項(xiàng)成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)之間的相關(guān)程度的大小。首先15位女同學(xué)對(duì)應(yīng)的3個(gè)專項(xiàng)成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的相對(duì)隸屬度值經(jīng)過(guò)歸一化處理后得到:
(中長(zhǎng)跑成績(jī))=(0.059,0.072,0.068,0.068,0.072,0.068,0.064,0.064,0.067,0.065,0.061,0.070,0.063,0.067,0.072)
(籃球成績(jī))=(0.048,0.048,0.079,0.063,0.048,0.048,0.048,0.048,0.111,0.063,0.095,0.095,0.079,0.063,0.063)
(仰臥起坐成績(jī))=(0.090,0.060,0.068,0.068,0.068,0.068,0.080,0.090,0.040,0.053,0.045,0.045,0.058,0.068,0.098)
計(jì)算結(jié)果見下表,
下面再來(lái)計(jì)算抽取的15位男同學(xué)對(duì)應(yīng)的3門體育專項(xiàng)成績(jī)指標(biāo)之間的貼近程度來(lái)分析各專項(xiàng)成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)之間的相關(guān)程度的大小。首先15位男同學(xué)對(duì)應(yīng)的3個(gè)專項(xiàng)成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的相對(duì)隸屬度值經(jīng)過(guò)歸一化處理后得到:
(中長(zhǎng)跑成績(jī))=(0.060,0.072,0.072,0.070,0.068,0.053,0.064,0.067,0.069,0.066,0.075,0.063,0.066,0.063,0.072)
(排球成績(jī))=(0.076,0.122,0.052,0.041,0.038,0.049,0.052,0.055,0.049,0.041,0.122,0.047,0.110,0.035,0.110)
(引體向上成績(jī))=(0.076,0.101,0.063,0.076,0.063,0.038,0.051,0.051,0.038,0.063,0.101,0.063,0.089,0.038,0.089)
計(jì)算結(jié)果見下表,
男生各分項(xiàng)成績(jī)?cè)u(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)之間的相關(guān)程度:
由擇近原則可知,無(wú)論是第一組三個(gè)模糊集、和之間,還是第二組三個(gè)模糊集、和之間都沒有非常貼近的,不論是女生測(cè)評(píng)的三項(xiàng)還是男生測(cè)評(píng)的三項(xiàng),各項(xiàng)成績(jī)之間的相關(guān)關(guān)系都不是很高。這說(shuō)明一個(gè)專項(xiàng)的成績(jī)好并不能意味著別的項(xiàng)目成績(jī)也好,同樣的道理,一個(gè)專項(xiàng)的成績(jī)不好,也不能說(shuō)明其他的項(xiàng)目就一定練不好。現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)的高校體育課程安排都是非常豐富多彩的,既考慮到大多數(shù)同學(xué)鍛煉的實(shí)際情況也有人性化的安排。所以建議同學(xué)們不要輕易的否定自己,多進(jìn)行嘗試找到自己喜歡并且較為擅長(zhǎng)的項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行鍛煉,提高自身的身體素質(zhì)。
參考文獻(xiàn)
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